应用PCR技术检测恙螨体内恙虫病立克次体动态和经卵传递的研究

本文应用聚合酶链反应技术检测恙虫病立克次体实验感染的恙螨体内立克次体的动态变化，通过人工腹腔接种而感染的恙螨成虫，恙虫病立克次体至少能在其体内生存３６０天和经卵传递４代；通过未食幼虫叮咬病小鼠而感染的恙螨，经饱蚴、若蛹、若虫、成蛹和成虫阶段，恙虫病立克次体检测均呈阳性，至少能在成虫期体内生存２７０天和经卵传递１代。     

老年学习记忆减退大鼠齿状回突触的定量研究

据老年大鼠在Ｍｏｒｒｉｓ水迷宫中的行为表现，将其分为老年学习记忆减退和学习记忆正常两部分，采用透射电镜观察、拍片，对齿状回中分子层触的数量和大小进行体视学定量分析。     

Pleiotropic genomic variants at 17q21.31 associated with bone mineral density and body fat mass: a bivariate genome-wide association analysis

Osteoporosis and obesity are two severe complex diseases threatening public health worldwide. Both diseases are under strong genetic determinants as well as genetically correlated. Aiming to identify pleiotropic genes underlying obesity and osteoporosis, we performed a bivariate genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis of hip bone mineral density (BMD) and total body fat mass (TBFM) in 12,981 participants from seven samples, and followed by in silico replication in the UK biobank (UKB) cohort sample (N = 217,822). Combining the results from discovery meta-analysis and replication sample, we identified one novel locus, 17q21.31 (lead SNP rs12150327, {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"NC_000017.11","term_id":"568815581"}}NC_000017.11:g.44956910G > A, discovery bivariate P = 4.83 × 10⁻⁹, replication P = 5.75 × 10⁻⁵) at the genome-wide significance level (ɑ = 5.0 × 10⁻⁸), which may have pleiotropic effects to both hip BMD and TBFM. Functional annotations highlighted several candidate genes, including KIF18B, C1QL1, and PRPF19 that may exert pleiotropic effects to the development of both body mass and bone mass. Our findings can improve our understanding of the etiology of osteoporosis and obesity, as well as shed light on potential new therapies.Subject terms: Genome-wide association studies, Gene expression profiling     

我国脑膜炎奈瑟菌孔蛋白PorA、PorB的多态性分析

目的以蛋白质组学研究为基础,分析2003—2005年我国流脑暴发流行期间C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌株特征,建立以致病性相关蛋白多态性为目标的新分型方法。方法利用双向电泳和MALDI-TOF质谱鉴定分析2003—2005年流脑流行期内分离的66株C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌株及2株参考菌株的蛋白表达,重点分析与致病性相关的蛋白多态性特征。结果根据孔蛋白PorA、PorB在双向电泳中的多态性,建立了12个特征菌型。安徽菌株的PorA和PorB蛋白电泳谱型显示出了高度的一致性,而其他地区的菌株则显示出高度的多态性。结论PorA和PorB蛋白2-DE电泳谱型可以作为一种新的菌株分型方法,可能在菌型变迁检测和流脑暴发预警中具有重要应用前景。     

仰卧与俯卧设计放疗方案在食管癌治疗中选择研究

目的 探讨食管癌等中心放射治疗时俯卧位设计放射治疗方案与常规仰卧位照射时食管位置的变化及其临床应用价值。方法 按入科顺序取40例食管癌患者纳入研究，采用自身对照的方法，同一患者在俯卧与仰卧两种体位上行CT扫描，分别测量第6颈椎、胸骨切迹、气管分又、左心房、左心室、膈顶和贲门7个平面处食管前缘到脊髓前缘的垂直距离及水平距离，统计两种体位上平均距离的差异。并且在CT定位下对两种体位的病变进行GTV、CTV、PTV和危及器官的勾画和设计三野等中心照射，观察射野的难易程度。结果 患者均可顺利完成两种体位的摆位、CT扫描及各种勾画和照射设计，体位舒适程度上感觉基本无差异。俯卧位时食管由上向下逐渐向前和向中线平面移动，在左心房平面前后方向上差距最大，后又逐渐缩小；左右方向上食管全段向中线处移动。位于食管中、下段的较大范围肿瘤，俯卧位较仰卧位三野等中心照射避开脊髓好。结论 俯卧位食管向前向中线移位，在食管中段俯卧位较仰卧位更远离脊髓。中下段食管癌俯卧位设计放疗方案优于仰卧位。     

雄激素对家兔动脉粥样硬化的影响

目的：探讨雄激素在兔动脉硬化模型中是否 具有抗动脉硬化的作用。方法： 37只哈尔滨大耳白兔，饲以高脂饮食， 作如下分组：去势组：切除双侧睾丸；睾酮Ⅰ组：切除双侧睾丸并给予外源性雄激素0.25 mg·kg-1·d-1；睾酮Ⅱ组：切除双侧睾丸并给予外源性雄激素2.5 mg· kg -1·d-1；睾酮Ⅲ组：切除双侧睾丸并给予外源性雄激素12.5 mg·kg-1 ·d-1；假手术组。3个月后检测血中睾酮含量、血脂(包括TG、LDL-C、HDL-C)浓度、 PAI活性、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)含量。结果：去势组血清睾酮含量明显低于其它组； TG、LDL-C同其它组相比无显著差异，而HDL-C明 显降低； NO2-/NO3-含量低于其它组，而PAI活性、ET、AngⅡ却高于其它组。结论： 在高脂饮食诱发的兔动脉硬化模型中，雄激素可以发挥一定抗动脉硬化 的作用。     

Neither lymphotoxin alpha nor lymphotoxin beta receptor expression is required for biogenesis of lymphoid aggregates or differentiation of natural killer cells in the pregnant mouse uterus

Gene ablation studies in mice indicate that lymphotoxin (LT)alpha, LTbeta and LTbetaR are essential for the genesis of lymph nodes (LN), normal structural development of peripheral lymphoid tissues and the differentiation of natural killer (NK) cells. LTbetaR binds to the heterotrimeric cytokines LTalpha1beta2 and LIGHT. LTs also regulate stromal cell expression of lymphocyte homing chemokines. Uterine decidualization in normal (+/+) mice is accompanied by the appearance and maturation of large numbers of uterine NK (uNK) cells that differentiate from precursors mobilized to the uterus from secondary lymphoid tissues. uNK cells accumulate in a transient, lymphocyte-rich region known as the metrial gland or, more recently, the mesometrial lymphoid aggregrate of pregnancy (MLAp). To determine if LTs contribute to development of the MLAp, and to the differentiation and/or localization of uNK cells, a histological study was undertaken of implantation sites from LTalpha null, LTbetaR null and gestation day-matched, normal mice. Implantation sites from the gene-ablated mice contained abundant numbers of uNK cells that localized appropriately. This indicates that the stromally derived molecules supporting NK cell differentiation in the uterus differ from those used in secondary lymphoid organs.     

Deletion of decay-accelerating factor (CD55) exacerbates autoimmune disease development in MRL/lpr mice

Decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein that restricts complement activation on autologous cells. It is also a ligand for CD97, an activation-associated lymphocyte antigen with seven transmembrane domains. It is widely expressed on cells of both the hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic lineages. Although deficiency of DAF on human erythrocytes is associated with the hemolytic anemia syndrome paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, the in vivo biology of DAF is still poorly understood. We addressed the in vivo function of DAF in a knockout mouse model and describe here that deletion of DAF exacerbates autoimmune disease development in MRL/lpr mice, a model for human systemic lupus erythematosus. Compared to DAF-sufficient littermate controls, DAF-deficient female MRL/lpr mice developed exacerbated lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, higher serum anti-chromatin autoantibody levels, and aggravated dermatitis. Consistent with the phenotype of aggravated dermatitis in DAF-deficient mice, Northern and Western blots and immunofluorescence studies showed DAF to be expressed abundantly in the mouse skin, suggesting that it may play a particularly important role in this tissue. Histology and immunostaining demonstrated inflammatory infiltrate and focal C3 deposition in early skin lesions, mostly along the dermal-epidermal junction. These results reveal a protective function of DAF in the development of a systemic autoimmune syndrome and suggest that dysfunction or down-regulation of DAF may contribute to autoimmune disease pathogenesis and manifestation.     

树突状细胞在胆囊癌组织内浸润的研究

目的通过对胆囊癌组织中树突状细胞浸润情况的研究,阐述树突状细胞与肿瘤免疫之间的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法。结果树突状细胞在胆囊癌组织的浸润程度与年龄、性别和病理组织学类型无关,与病理分化程度呈负相关关系(P<005)。结论树突状细胞在胆囊癌组织的浸润程度与病理分化程度、Nevin分期、肝浸润及淋巴结转移存在密切的关系。树突状细胞的定量检测可作为估计胆囊癌预后的标志。