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81.
Humanitarian agencies are increasingly engaged in research in conflict and post-conflict settings. This is justified by the
need to improve the quality of assistance provided in these settings and to collect evidence of the highest standard to inform
advocacy and policy change. The instability of conflict-affected areas, and the heightened vulnerability of populations caught
in conflict, calls for careful consideration of the research methods employed, the levels of evidence sought, and ethical
requirements. Special attention needs to be placed on the feasibility and necessity of doing research in conflict-settings,
and the harm-benefit ratio for potential research participants. 相似文献
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Sebastian J Kirankumar VS Pappachan JM Zachariah SA Radha TR Sujathan P 《Journal of cancer research and therapeutics》2007,3(2):108-110
Dysphagia in an elderly patient necessitates urgent clinical evaluation to exclude the possibility of an underlying esophageal malignancy. Atherosclerotic aortic aneurysms are common in old age, but dysphagia aortica resulting from compression of the esophagus by an aortic aneurysm is a rare cause for dysphagia. Development of a malignant esophago-airway fistula can occur from a variety of tumors, the most common of which is esophageal cancer. A case of longstanding dysphagia resulting from dysphagia aortica later developing an esophageal malignancy complicated by esophago-bronchial fistula is outlined in this unique case report. 相似文献
84.
Health seeking and sexual behaviour in patients with sexually transmitted infections: the importance of traditional healers in Thyolo,Malawi 下载免费PDF全文
Zachariah R Nkhoma W Harries AD Arendt V Chantulo A Spielmann MP Mbereko MP Buhendwa L 《Sexually transmitted infections》2002,78(2):127-129
OBJECTIVES: To describe health seeking and sexual behaviour including condom use among patients presenting with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and, to identify sociodemographic and behavioural risk factors associated with "no condom use" during the symptomatic period. METHODS: A cross sectional study of consecutive new STI cases presenting at the district STI clinic in Thyolo, Malawi. They were interviewed by STI counsellors after obtaining informed consent. All patients were treated according to national guidelines. RESULTS: Out of 498 new STI clients, 53% had taken some form of medication before coming to the STI clinic, the most frequent alternative source being the traditional healer (37%). 46% of all clients reported sex during the symptomatic period (median 14 days), the majority (74%) not using condoms. 90% of all those who had not used condoms resided in villages and had seen only the traditional healer. Significant risk factors associated with "no condom use" included visiting a traditional healer, being female, having less than 8 years of school education, and being resident in villages. Genital ulcer disease (GUD) was the most common STI in males (49%) while in females this comprised 27% of STIs. CONCLUSIONS: These findings, and especially the extremely high GUD prevalence is of particular concern, considering the high national HIV prevalence in Malawi (9%) and the implications for STI and HIV transmission. There is an urgent need to integrate traditional healers in control activities, encourage their role in promoting safer sexual behaviour, and to reorient or even change existing strategies on condom promotion and STI control. 相似文献
85.
This case represents latent autoimmune diabetes in the young (LADY), and demonstrates that autoimmune diabetes can be slowly progressive even in younger patients with insulin independency period lasting for more than two years. 相似文献
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Donald C. Lanza Daniel A. Deems Richard L. Doty Donah Crawford J. Carter Rowley David W. Kennedy Ali Sajjadian David Moran 《The Laryngoscope》1994,104(7):837-840
Normal human olfactory function is subject to a wide variety of factors. Although biopsy of human olfactory neuroepithelium has been reported by several researchers, there are no studies which have evaluated the effect of this procedure on olfactory function. In this retrospective study, we sought to determine if tissue removal from the olfactory cleft has an adverse influence on the sense of smell. Nineteen subjects underwent bilateral olfactory testing and subsequent endoscopic olfactory mucosal biopsy. All subjects were retested 6 weeks to 1 year after olfactory neuroepithelial biopsy. No statistical difference was found between olfactory tests performed before or after biopsy. These data suggest that biopsy of human olfactory neuroepithelium has no discernible adverse effect on the ability to smell. 相似文献
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Identification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and related bacteria by multiple-locus sequence typing-derived PCR and real-time PCR 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Wattiau P Van Hessche M Neubauer H Zachariah R Wernery U Imberechts H 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2007,45(3):1045-1048
Close relatedness and genomic plasticity characterizing the high-threat pathogens Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei render the molecular diagnosis of these species hard to guarantee with a maximal confidence level. This article describes fast molecular assays derived from compiled sequences of housekeeping genes determined in more than 1,000 strains. The assays proved to be robust and appropriate for general detection as well as species identification purposes. 相似文献