胸腰椎骨折伴截瘫的CT诊断价值

本文分析了70例胸腰椎骨折伴截瘫的CT表现,描述了脊柱三柱概念和胸腰椎损伤机制,着重就CT扫描对胸腰椎骨折进行准确分型、判断脊柱稳定性和选择适宜减压手术方式的重要性进行了讨论。     

乙型肝炎疫苗与儿期常用疫苗同时接种的免疫应答与反应观察Ⅲ．乙型肝炎疫苗与卡介苗、A群流脑多糖菌苗同时接种的免疫应答与反应观察

本文对HBV与BCG、BAPV同时接种的免疫应答性和接种反应作了研究，对出生3天内的360名新生婴儿，随机分为I组单独接种三针10μgHBV，Ⅱ组分别接种BCGs及50μg MAPV，Ⅲ组HBV分别与BCGs、MAPV同时接种，Ⅳ组分别接种BCGi和MAPV，Ⅴ组HBV分别与BCGi、MAPV同时接种，三针间隔为0、1、5个月。均作免疫前后抗体测定或OT，同时接种组的抗－HBs及MAPV之BA抗体及OT的阳转率分别为100％、92．59％及81．82％－90．0％与单独接种组的96．49％、90．24％和79．25％－87．50％，无显著差异，未见异常反应，一般反应轻微，二组无显著性差异，表明HBV可与BCG、MAPV同时接种。     

人参皂甙Rg1协同诱生LAK细胞的抗瘤活性

淋巴因子激活性杀伤细胞(LAK细胞)过继输入疗法已经被证明是一种有效的抗肿瘤免疫治疗措施,但此疗法的临床应用却受到LSK细胞抗瘤活性尚低问题的困扰.我们曾经证明人参总皂甙能够增强LAK细胞杀伤新鲜急性白血病细胞的活性,本文进一步检测了人参总皂甙的单体之一人参皂甙Rg_1(Ginsenoside Rg_1)对LAK细胞抗瘤活性的影响,报告如下.     

Nonpeptide endothelin antagonists in clinical development

Endothelins (ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3) are 21-amino-acid peptides with two disulfide bonds that belong to the sarafotoxin family. ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3 are produced endogenously from preproendothelin to give big endothelins, which are cleaved by endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE) to yield the active protein. Endothelin has been shown to play important physiological and pathological roles by interacting with its G-protein-coupled receptors. There are two cloned ET receptors: the ET(A) receptor, which is selective for ET-1, and the ET(B) receptor, which binds ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3 with similar affinities. Since the discovery of endothelin, and especially since the availability of peptide ET antagonists such as BQ-123 and BQ-788, and nonpeptide compounds such as bosentan, considerable effort has been spent on better understanding the role of endothelin and its receptor antagonists. As a result, endothelin has been implicated in a variety of serious diseases, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension and prostate cancer. Research in pharmaceutical and biotechnology laboratories has generated many endothelin antagonists with either sulfonamide or triaryl carboxylic acid scaffolds, and a number of ET(A)-selective or nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) endothelin antagonists have entered clinical trials. This article will review the small-molecule ET(A)-selective and nonselective ET(A)/ET(B) antagonists that are under clinical evaluation, and highlight a member of this group of compounds, sitaxsentan. A summary of the medicinal chemistry that led to the identification of sitaxsentan will be presented, followed by selected animal and human clinical trial data. (c) 2001 Prous Science. All rights reserved.     

麦迪霉素的抗菌活性

麦迪霉素是1974年从我国土壤中分离的链霉菌(Streptomyces Sp.)1748所产生的抗菌素。根据理化性质的研究证实与日本的麦地加霉素(Mydecamycin)相同。本文通过体内外抗菌活性的研究证明麦迪霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌和肺炎双球菌等革兰氏阳性菌具有较强的抗菌作用,最低抑菌浓度为0.19～3.12μg/ml。诱导耐药实验证实麦迪霉素属于非诱导型抗菌素。在实验治疗的比较试验中证明麦迪霉素对小白鼠感染金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌和肺炎双球菌的治疗效果与日本的麦地加霉素相同或优于后者。     

HBsAg水平与抗乙型肝炎病毒药物治疗远期效果相关性分析

目的:通过观察HBeAg/HBeAb血清转换率与HBsAg定量的关系,探讨抗病毒治疗的远期疗效预测指标。方法:慢性乙型肝炎患者66例随机分为2组,即干扰素组、拉米夫定组。在治疗前后不同时间分别检测血清HBVDNA、HBsAg、HBeAg/HBeAb。根据治疗前HBsAg水平分级,计算治疗3个月时HBsAg抑制率和HBeAg/HBeAb血清转换率。结果:HBsAg初始水平低于100ng·L-1时,干扰素组HBeAg/HBeAb血清转换率显著提高,P<0.05。治疗3个月时,HBsAg抑制率超过50%,HBeAg/HBeAb血清转换率为47%。结论:HBsAg初始水平或治疗3个月后下降幅度是治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎疗效的预测指标。     

Recently discovered sulfonamide-, acyl sulfonamide- and carboxylic acid-based endothelin antagonists

Endothelins (ET-1, 2 and 3) are 21-residue peptides with two disulfide bridges and a highly conserved carboxy terminal. ET-1, the most significant isoform, is a potent vasoconstrictor and mitogen that exerts its biological effects through binding to its two G protein-coupled receptors: ET(A) and ET(B). ET(A) receptors are expressed on vascular smooth muscle cells and mediate vasoconstrictive and proliferative responses to ET-1. ET(B) receptors are mainly located on endothelial cells where they clear ET-1 from circulation and mediate vasodilation via the release of nitric oxide. ET-1 has been associated with a variety of serious diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, prostate cancer and renal dysfunction.     

Performance of the modified Systemic Manifestation Score for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Adult-onset Still’s disease

Clinical Rheumatology - To compare the ability of the modified Systemic Manifestation Score (mSMS) and the mPouchot score to distinguish adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) with high disease...     

新华SL-IC型X线放疗模拟定位机的质量控制方法探索

本文介绍了新华SL-IC型X线放疗模拟定位机的质控方法,作者在实践中根据质控需要,自制了几种辅助工具,具有简单、实用、可靠的优点。     

医学影像仿真人体模型及其临床应用

仿真人体模型是根据人体参数,用与人体组织具有相同或相近散射和吸收系数的“组织等效材料”制成的具有骨骼、肌肉、脏器的人体模型。它包括数字化虚拟人体模型、物理实体模型和二者结合的物理数学模型等3种类型。仿真体模在临床工作中应用广泛,可用于确定CT扫描方式及最佳扫描方案、优化患者的辐射剂量、设备评价及质量控制以及用于血管成像和对比剂注射方案研究。仿真体模模拟人体参数能避免不必要的辐射危害,未来在CT图像质控、设备评价、方案研究等方面前景十分可观。