不同持续时间的周期性压力对构建组织工程软骨的影响

Objective To determine the best duration for exerting the cyclic pressure under which the tissue-engineered cartilage is constructed. Methods Free chondrocytes isolated from rabbit articular cartilage were seeded into polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) scaffolds after expansion in vitro, and ran-domized into 4 groups. In Groups 1 to 3, chondrocytes were cultured under daily cyclic pressure (0 ～ 200 kPa, 0.1Hz) for 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours respectively; Group 4 was a control in which no pressure was exerted. In each group, after 2 weeks of culture, the tissue engineered cartilages were observed in vitro and assessed by his-tological staining of liE. Next, the content of DNA and the secretion of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG in cartilages were detected quantitatively. Results Under the daily cyclic pressure (0 ～200 kPa, 0.1 Hz), the scaf-fold-chondrocytes complex in the group of 8 hours got the largest volume, smooth, lucidus, and elastic surface, the most queuing chondrocytes, and the highest content of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG (P < 0.01). Conclusions Since chondrecytes are baro-senstive, the metabolism of chondrocytes can be affected by the time of cyclic pressure. Under the effect of 0 ～200 kPa, 0.1Hz, the daily cyclic pressure of 8 hours may be optimal for chondrocytes to multiply and synthesize extracellular matrixes such as type Ⅱ collagen and GAG.     

股骨头缺血坏死的CT分区及临床意义

选择Ficat分期为Ⅱ、Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死患者30例，依据X线片及CT片将坏死灶分／为前区、后区、全区、中区。30例患者均选择死骨刮除及带血运骨瓣植入术治疗．其中后区8例及中区3例选择死骨刮除植骨并股方肌肌肉血管蒂大粗隆骨瓣植入术治疗。结果平均获随访3．5a，依据王岩氏疗效标准：优25例，良5例。证实CT能明确诊断、显示坏死灶部位及量化分析病变范围．为临床分区提供可靠依据；指导准确选择手术入路及方法。分区手术是Ficat Ⅱ、Ⅲ期患者客观、理想的治疗方法。     

内镜下胸锁乳突肌切断松解术治疗先天性肌性斜颈4例报告

目的探讨内镜下胸锁乳突肌切断松解术治疗先天性肌性斜颈的方法和疗效。方法2005年1~8月,我院应用内镜下胸锁乳突肌切断松解术治疗先天性肌性斜颈4例,年龄5~11岁,平均8.5岁。患侧腋窝前缘置入10 mm trocar,在颈阔肌筋膜下、胸锁乳突肌胸骨头与锁骨头浅面钝性分离,注入CO2气体(压力6 mm Hg),建立颈前皮下间隙,置入30°内镜。分别在患侧颈后近锁骨上缘处及对侧胸壁近锁骨下缘处置入5 mm trocar至颈前皮下间隙,置入分离钳与电凝钩,距胸锁骨附着处1 cm电凝横断胸锁乳突肌胸骨头与锁骨头的肌纤维束,并松解胸锁乳突肌周围紧张的纤维组织。结果4例手术均获成功,手术时间分别为90、75、70、45 m in。术中出血均<1 m l。术后第1天开始功能锻炼,第2天出院。第1例颈部皮肤轻微电灼伤,2周后痊愈。1例术后出现面部皮下气肿,次日自行吸收。随访2、4、6、10个月,斜颈均矫正,切口小且隐蔽,瘢痕不明显,颈部皮肤弹性良好,对面部表情活动无影响。结论内镜下胸锁乳突肌切断松解术疗效确切,且具有微创的特点,值得临床推广。     

双室再同步起搏治疗充血性心功能衰竭近期疗效

目的　本研究旨在观察双室再同步起搏治疗严重的充血性心功能衰竭疗效。方法　 2 0 0 1年 4月～ 2 0 0 2年 11月在我科住院患者 10例 ,男 8例 ,女 2例 ,年龄 4 2～ 74岁 ,其中缺血性心肌病 5例 ,扩张型心肌病 4例 ,酒精性心肌病 1例。心功能NYHA分级 :Ⅲ级 5例 ,Ⅳ级 5例。病史超过半年 ,均用多种抗心衰药物治疗效果不佳。所有患者超声心动图示左室舒张末期内径 >6 0mm ,左室射血分数 <0 .4 ,并伴有轻中度二尖瓣返流 ,QRS波≥ 130ms 9例 ,QRS波等于 12 0ms 1例。植入InSync(80 4 0型 )三腔 (右房、右室、左室 )起搏器 ,左室起搏导线通常放置在心侧静脉和后侧静脉 ,均达到最满意的起搏参数。根据Ritter公式放置最佳房室传导间期 ,以保证最大舒张期充盈。结果　所有患者均成功植入起搏器 ,9例患者接受起搏治疗后 3个月随访 ,1例缺血性心肌病患者手术后 1个月死于肾功能衰竭。 9例患者临床评估结果为 :心功能术前 3.4± 0 .5级 ,术后 3个月为 1.5± 0 .7级 (P <0 .0 1)。心衰症状得分术前为 8.11± 3.2 9,术后为 1.4 4± 1.74(P <0 .0 1) ,ECG示QRS波术前为 (172± 32 )ms ,术后为 (14 9± 2 3)ms(P >0 .0 5 )。超声心动图检查左室舒张末期直径术前 6 7± 6 .7mm ,术后为 (6 3± 6 )mm (P <0 .0 5 ) ,左室     

不同持续时间的周期性压力对构建组织工程软骨的影响

Objective To determine the best duration for exerting the cyclic pressure under which the tissue-engineered cartilage is constructed. Methods Free chondrocytes isolated from rabbit articular cartilage were seeded into polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) scaffolds after expansion in vitro, and ran-domized into 4 groups. In Groups 1 to 3, chondrocytes were cultured under daily cyclic pressure (0 ～ 200 kPa, 0.1Hz) for 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours respectively; Group 4 was a control in which no pressure was exerted. In each group, after 2 weeks of culture, the tissue engineered cartilages were observed in vitro and assessed by his-tological staining of liE. Next, the content of DNA and the secretion of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG in cartilages were detected quantitatively. Results Under the daily cyclic pressure (0 ～200 kPa, 0.1 Hz), the scaf-fold-chondrocytes complex in the group of 8 hours got the largest volume, smooth, lucidus, and elastic surface, the most queuing chondrocytes, and the highest content of type Ⅱ collagen and GAG (P < 0.01). Conclusions Since chondrecytes are baro-senstive, the metabolism of chondrocytes can be affected by the time of cyclic pressure. Under the effect of 0 ～200 kPa, 0.1Hz, the daily cyclic pressure of 8 hours may be optimal for chondrocytes to multiply and synthesize extracellular matrixes such as type Ⅱ collagen and GAG.     

羟甲基烟酰胺分散片的研制

目的：研制羟甲基烟酰胺分散片。方法：以崩解时间为指标。比较几种崩解剂的作用，以正交试验设计确立最佳处方，并与普通片进行体外溶出度比较。结果：崩解剂以低取代羟丙纤维素(L-HPC)效果最优，最佳处方崩解时间为78．9S，溶出速度远大于普通片。结论：所研制的羟甲基烟酰胺分散片溶出迅速。     

额颞除皱术辅以隆额隆颞术

对既有面部老化，又有因局部发育不良，面骨体积缩小，畸形等伴有“额小颞窄”和“两侧不对称”等症状的患者，采用额颞除皱术辅以隆额隆颞手术的方法，既可使额颞部皱纹消除，又可达到整形的目的。本组共４８例，其中应用硅橡胶隆颞２８例，额肌瓣隆额１０例，额肌瓣隆额加颞筋膜瓣隆颞６例，额肌瓣隆额加硅橡胶隆颞４例。随访最长５个月，疗效满意。因此，对伴有额颞部外形不满意及面部老化的患者，应以此术为首选方法。     

舒必利治疗精神分裂症患者脑脊液HVA含量的对照研究

为了探讨精神分裂症患者治疗期间多巴胺的变化,我们选择舒必利治疗组20例,非舒必利治疗组10例作为病例组;15例非精神病患者作为对照组;检测脑脊液中多巴胺代谢产物高香草酸的含量;结果显示两组无显著性差异。精神分裂症患者治疗后舒必利组高香草酸含量升高,非舒必利组则降低,进一步分析显示舒必利治疗组非显效者较显效者治疗后高香草酸显著升高。提示机体对药物阻滞多巴胺受体后代偿反应的强弱与疗效有一定关系。     

腺苷对犬心肌缺血再灌注后冠脉血管损伤的保护作用

腺苷对犬心肌缺血再灌注后冠脉血管损伤的保护作用刘庆军，吴明媚，臧益民，王跃民（唐都医院心脏内科生理学教研室）关键词腺苷；心肌再灌注损伤；冠脉储备；内皮依赖性舒张因子；内皮素类中图法分类号Ｒ３６３．２１作者在犬冠脉重度狭窄后再灌注模型上，观察了冠脉内灌...     

对阴性症状和阳性症状认识的评价（二）：二,存在的问题

对阴性症状和阳性症状认识的评价（二）二、存在的问题金卫东，臧德馨在１９世纪８０年代，继Ｒｅｙｎｏｌｄ从神经病学观点提出阴性症状和阳性症状的概念后，Ｊａｃｋｓｏｎ在论述这两个概念时就企图阐明其病因学及病理生理学差异，概念发展到今天，其内涵和外延都较前明...