Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的临床观察

目的:观察诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的疗效。方法:对10例应用诺和灵短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗的1型糖尿病患儿以超短效胰岛素诺和锐等量替代短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗1个月,观察HbA1c等代谢指标变化。结果:用诺和锐治疗后患儿餐后2 h血糖、HbA1c显著下降,P<0．01,平均下降值分别为3．51±1．10 mmol／L与0．64％±0．19％。胰岛素用量与血脂无明显变化,P>0．05。治疗期间未发现明显低血糖。结论:超短效胰岛素诺和锐替代短效胰岛素可进一步控制餐后血糖．并显著降低HbA1c,有利于血糖控制。     

微创置管腔内灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液方法探讨

恶性胸腔积液是晚期肿瘤的表现，合并胸液的肿瘤患者预后极差，平均生存时间只有3．1个月。患者因大量胸腔积液而影响其心肺功能，使其生活质量相对较差，常需反复穿刺引流及灌注化疗药物来减轻痛苦。为探讨有效的治疗方法，我们采用治疗组胸腔内留置中心静脉导管引流和胸腔内联合灌注化疗药物和生物制剂；对照组反复抽取胸液，单药化疗药（博莱霉素）腔内灌注，结果治疗组疗效较对照组明显提高，现报道如下。     

脸色腰段椎间盘突出症21例临床分析

胸腰段椎间盘突出症罕见,约占椎间盘突出的0.6％～4％。随着CT及MRI的应用,其发病率有增加的趋势。因其发病率低,报道较少。但由于病变位于脊髓圆椎段,其发病较下腰段椎间盘突出有很大的特殊性,故有必要结合我院近年收治的21例对其作一回顾性分析。1 临床资料     

脂质体介导p53基因对腩癌细胞生长的抑制作用

目的观察外源野生型p53基因在肝癌基因治疗方面的可行性。方法：将载有人野生型p53-cDNA的真核表达质粒pcDNA3-p53，用阳离子脂质体介导转染人肝癌细胞系HepG3B细胞，用流式细胞仪检测pcDNA3-p53对HepG3B细胞生长的影响。结果：通过观察细胞生长曲线与流式细胞仪检测细胞周期和细胞的凋亡指数发现，HepG3B细胞生长受到明显的抑制。结论：脂质体介导的p53基因可在HepG3B细胞中表达，且明显抑制该细胞的生长。     

~(99)Tc-MDP对类风湿性关节炎患者外周血单核细胞产生细胞因子的影响

目的 :探讨“云克”(99Tc MDP)治疗类风湿性关节炎 (RA)的免疫机制。方法 :采用ELISA双抗体夹心法 ,观察“云克”体外对RA患者外周血单核细胞 (PBMC)产生白介素 1(IL 1)和可溶性白介素 2受体 (sIL 2R)的影响。结果 :“云克”有抑制RA患者IL 1的分泌及细菌脂多糖 (LPS)的促分泌作用 ,并对可溶性白介素 2受体的自发分泌及植物血素 (PHA)诱导分泌均有抑制作用。结论 :“云克”对RA的治疗机制可能与其降低IL 1和sIL 2R的作用有关     

大、中型医疗设备购置论证的几个要点

医疗设备的购置论证是科学的采购与供应的前提，是医疗卫生事业发展的重要科学保障之一，是领导者合理决策的依据。长期以来，购置论证在实际工作中只是流于形式，或例行公事，其科学性往往被乎视，所购置设备经常因各种原因不能充分发挥其效能，提高其利用率，甚至出现新设备闲置现象，给医疗卫生事业造成了大量的浪费和损失，究其原因，就是没有充分地、科学地进行购置论证。根据我在实际工作中的一点经验和掌握的一些情况提出我认为购置的论证中的几个要点，以供同行、专家商榷。     

凯西莱联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

我国是乙肝大国，每年患者数万人，治疗困难。笔者采用苦参素联合凯西莱治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者150例，取得较好效果，现报道如下。