柴胡疏肝散在妇科的临床运用

<正>柴胡疏肝散源自《准绳.类方》卷四引《统旨》,原方由柴胡、陈皮、川芎、芍药、枳壳、香附、炙甘草组成,功能疏肝理气,临床广泛运用于内外妇伤等疾病,本文试就该方在妇科的临床运用作一概述。1月经病1.1痛经《河间六书》云:"天癸既行,皆属厥阴论之。"肝气郁结,或肝血不足,则气血瘀阻,经脉不利,均可引发痛经。柴胡疏肝散有疏肝行气、活血止痛之功,使经脉通畅,通则不痛,达到治疗痛经的目的。徐树槐运用本方加     

木樨草素对脂多糖诱导的小胶质细胞炎性反应的抑制作用

目的:以脂多糖(LPS)刺激小胶质细胞BV-2,体外模拟神经退行性疾病的炎症模型,探讨木樨草素的抗炎作用和机制。方法:采用LPS(0.1μg/mL)刺激小胶质细胞建立炎症模型,MTT法检测木樨草素对BV-2细胞的毒性作用;硝酸还原酶法检测木樨草素对LPS刺激BV-2细胞一氧化氮(NO)表达量的影响;一氧化氮合酶分型法检测木樨草素对LPS刺激BV-2细胞一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性的影响;Western Blot法检测木樨草素对LPS刺激BV-2细胞TLR4蛋白表达影响。结果:木樨草素低、中、高剂量及阳性药物能抑制LPS诱导的BV-2炎性反应。结论:木樨草素能够抑制小胶质细胞活化产生的炎症反应,其抗炎作用的机制可能是通过抑制TLR4信号通路而发挥效用。     

檀香对胃实寒模型大鼠的胃排空率、cAMP及cGMP的影响

目的:通过檀香对寒凝气滞的胃实寒大鼠胃排空、cAMP、cGMP及cAMP/cGMP的影响的影响,探讨檀香的行气作用。方法:采用冰水浸泡加冰水给大鼠灌胃造成寒凝气滞的胃实寒模型,观察檀香不同提取部位对大鼠胃排空、cAMP、cGMP及cAMP/cGMP的影响的影响。结果:檀香水煎液0.91g/kg对胃肠道功能有抑制作用,檀香乙醚萃取物0.91g/kg对胃肠功能有促进作用。檀香挥发油0.91g/kg能升高cAMP和cAMP/cGMP值,檀香挥发油对物质代谢有促进作用。结论:檀香行气作用的物质基础是水煎液及低极性的物质,檀香对物质代谢的调节作用主要通过挥发油来起作用。     

Detection of circulating tumor cells in human peripheral blood using surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles

The detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTC) holds great promise for personalizing medicine and optimizing systemic therapy. However, low specificity, low sensitivity, and the time consuming nature of current approaches have impeded clinical adoption. Here we report a new method using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to directly measure targeted CTCs in the presence of white blood cells. SERS nanoparticles with epidermal growth factor peptide as a targeting ligand have successfully identified CTCs in the peripheral blood of 19 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), with a range of 1 to 720 CTCs per milliliter of whole blood. Our technique may provide an important new clinical tool for management of patients with SCCHN and other cancers.     

三维适形放疗联合替莫唑胺化疗治疗弥漫性脑干胶质瘤

目的 研究三维适形放疗(3D-CRr)联合替莫唑胺化疗治疗弥漫性脑干胶质瘤的有效性和安全性。方法 对12例弥漫性脑干胶质瘤患者进行3D-CRT,分割方式为1.8 Gy/次,1次/d,5次/周,处方剂量为54 Gy,总治疗时间为6周。放疗期间每日口服替莫唑胺75 mg/m2,放疗结束后4周,继续给予替莫唑胺标准5 d方案辅助化疗6个周期,每个周期28 d。第1个周期替莫唑胺用量为150 mg/m2,连用5d,无明显血液学毒性后,从第2个周期始,替莫唑胺剂量增至200 mg/m2。对患者进行磁共振成像和实验室检查以评价疗效和不良反应。结果 12例弥漫性脑干胶质瘤患者中,完全缓解1例(8.3％),部分缓解6例(50.0％),稳定2例(16.7％),进展3例(25.0％)。全组患者的临床受益率为75.0％,6个月和1年疾病无进展生存率分别为75.0％和50.0％,1年生存率为75.0％。替莫唑胺治疗的不良反应发生率低,以轻度血液学毒性为主。结论 替莫唑胺联合同步放疗加后续单药辅助化疗治疗弥漫性脑干胶质瘤有较好的临床疗效,患者能够从中受益。     

不同酶切体系对胶回收纯化DNA浓度的影响

目的 通过建立不同的酶切体系,找寻酶切效果好、胶回收试剂盒纯化DNA得率高的实验设计.方法 使用XhoⅠ单酶切重组质粒pcDNA3-P2X4,酶切体系的体积分别为:150μl、160μl、170μl、180μl;酶切体系组成为:dddH2O(补足体积)、Buffer R(应用浓度是酶切体积的10%)、质粒DNA(无论所得质粒浓度如何,琼脂糖凝胶电泳胶回收的DNA上样量统一为23μg),XhoⅠ10μl(6μl、4μl两次加入);反应温度为:37℃ ;酶切的时间为2～3h.结果 酶切体系越大,所需要的酶切时间越短、酶切效果越好、酶切条带越接近Marker标准条带(通过电泳拍照观察所得),但是胶回收纯化后DNA的浓度却越低:150μl体系 DNA的浓度=308.96±8.71μg/ml,160μl体系 DNA的浓度=286.62±8.37μg/ml,170μl 体系DNA的浓度=245.80±15 64μg/ml,180μl体系 DNA的浓度=198.00±16.54μg/ml(方差分析,P<0.05,n=5).结论 将酶切的体系放大,杂质将相对稀释,不需增加酶的用量就能取得较好的酶切效果;提取质粒的浓度和纯度也决定着酶切效果.     

Real-time monitoring of cell viability using direct electrical measurement with a patch-clamp microchip

Real-time tagless monitoring of cell viability using patch-clamp microchips is reported and validated by using fluorescence imaging techniques for the first time. Specifically, four human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB231, MDA-MB231-brain metastatic subline (abbreviated as MB231-BR), MB231-BR over-expressing HER2 gene (MB231-BR-HER2), and MB231-BR-vector control for the HER2 (MB231-BR-vector)) have been used for these studies. Systematic experiments on these cells found that the seal impedance/resistance of cells captured by the micro-pipettes always decreases during the process when the cell loses its viability, and therefore it is a valid indicator of live or dead cells. Systematic experiments also found that the Mega-seal of patch-clamp microchip is sufficient for monitoring cell viability. Given its simplicity of direct electrical measurement of cells without fluorescence labeling, this technology may provide an efficient technical platform to monitor the drug effects on cells, thereby significantly benefiting high throughput drug screening and discovery process.