新一代人工牛黄的药理与毒理学研究 Ⅰ.对中枢神经系统的影响

本文比较了新一代人工牛黄和天然牛黄,人工牛黄对中枢神经系统的影响,实验结果:新一代人工牛黄对小鼠中枢神经系统具有抑制作用,对发热大鼠有一定程度的解热作用,它的药理作用与天然牛黄接近,某些药理作用强于人工牛黄,为新一代人工牛黄代替天然牛黄提供了科学依据.     

无血清培养人肝癌细胞增生率的变化和bFGF在细胞中的表达

采用无血清培养体系 ,研究肿瘤细胞自分泌调控机制。将人肝癌细胞培养在无血清无外源分裂因子培养基中 ,采用细胞原位计数法和免疫组织化学染色法 ,观察不同时相人肝癌细胞增生率的变化以及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (bFGF)的表达情况。结果 :人肝癌细胞生长良好 ,其增生速度与其分泌的bFGF量成正比。提示 :肝癌细胞在无外源生长因子的条件下通过分泌bFGF ,以自分泌和旁分泌的方式作用于自身和相邻细胞 ,促进细胞生长和增生。     

骨髓细胞移植上调血管内皮生长因子及其受体的表达并改善缺血心脏功能

目的：通过骨髓细胞移植对心肌梗死大鼠模型血管内皮生长因子及其受体表达的影响，探讨骨髓细胞移植改善缺血心脏功能的可能机制。方法：利用左前降支冠状动脉结扎术制备大鼠心肌梗死模型，然后行异体骨髓细胞移植；分别于术后1d，3d，7d，14d和28d取材；利用免疫荧光和RT—PCR技术分析细胞移植对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体(Flk一1)表达的影响和移植细胞的分化情况；通过免疫组化计算血管数量；应用血流动力学检测大鼠心脏功能在术后各时间点的变化。结果：VEGF和Flk-1在移植组动物的心肌梗死区残存细胞、梗死周边区细胞以及部分移植细胞内表达。移植组VEGF和Flk-1的mRNA表达明显高于对照组。分别于术后3d和14d达到高峰，以后逐渐减弱。术后7d，14d和28d移植组血管数量较同期对照组明显增加，移植组心脏功能较对照组明显改善。术后14d可在部分移植细胞中检测到心肌细胞或血管内皮细胞特异性蛋白的表达。结论：骨髓细胞移植通过上调移植细胞及受者内源性VEGF和Flk—1的表达，促进血管新生，进而改善缺血心脏功能。     

脑创伤致迟发性脑梗死临床分析

目的探讨脑创伤后迟发脑梗死的发生机制,临床诊断及救治措施。方法对32例经影像学证实为颅脑创伤后迟发脑梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果出院时按GOS标准评价:恢复良好12例、中残5例、重残4例、植物生存3例,死亡8例,其中非手术治疗20例,存活14例,死亡6例,死亡率30%;手术治疗12例,存活10例,死亡2例,死亡率17%。结论及时诊断与合理有效的治疗是提高脑创伤后迟发性脑梗死的治愈率及提高患者生存质量的关键。     

Analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor and activated epidermal growth factor receptor expression in pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.

Epidermal growth factor receptor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many malignancies. Various growth factors, including epidermal growth factor receptor, have been shown to influence pituitary tumor growth and differentiation. To analyze the role of epidermal growth factor receptor in pituitary tumor development, we examined normal pituitaries (n=8), pituitary adenomas (n=158), and pituitary carcinomas (n=7) for expression of epidermal growth factor receptor protein and messenger RNA using tissue microarrays and RT-PCR. We also examined (a) the expression of phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor, the activated form of epidermal growth factor receptor, in pituitary tumors and normal pituitaries by immunohistochemistry and (b) the effects on epidermal growth factor receptor expression of treating pituitary cells (HP75 cell line) with epidermal growth factor. Epidermal growth factor receptor and the phosphorylated variant expression were present in normal pituitary cells. Epidermal growth factor receptor messenger RNA was also detected in normal pituitaries, pituitary adenomas, and carcinomas by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. Most pituitary adenomas showed expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and the phosphorylated variant. Nonfunctional adenomas showed higher levels of expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (76 vs 34%) and of phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor (26 vs 8%) as compared to functional adenomas. Five of seven pituitary carcinomas showed strong expression of both epidermal growth factor receptor and phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor. When a human pituitary cell line (HP75) was cultured in the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor, there was an increase in the levels of both epidermal growth factor receptor and phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor after 5 h of treatment, thus confirming that epidermal growth factor receptor signaling was active in pituitary tumors. These results indicate that activated epidermal growth factor receptor is expressed in pituitary adenomas and carcinomas. Higher levels in pituitary carcinomas suggest a role in pituitary tumor progression.     

固相板酶免法测定人血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸

目的 :探讨游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸 (FT3)的酶免疫测定法对于诊断甲状腺功能亢进和监测甲状腺激素补充治疗效果及预后情况的重要意义。方法 :采用聚苯乙烯96孔板作为固相载体 ,利用亲和纯化的兔抗T3 抗体和T3 - β-半乳糖苷酶标记物 ,建立了固相板竞争法。结果 :可测范围为0.48～45.0ng/L ,灵敏度0.13ng/L ,平均批内变异系数为 (n=20)6.4 % ,平均批间变异系数为 (n=8)12.4% ,正常参考范围4.14±0.97ng/L。正常人与甲亢病人能明显分开。结论 :酶免法测定血清FT3,其灵敏度、精密度均达到放免水平 ,且可避免同位素污染     

新生儿阴茎长度及其相关因素的探讨

本文测定了208名生后5天内的新生儿阴茎长度,并对新生儿阴茎长度与胎龄、出生体重、出生身长的关系进行了探讨。结果为(1)成熟儿阴茎长度平均值±1SD为33.8±3.7mm,正常范围为26.4～41.2mm(平均值±2SD);(2)适于胎龄儿和小于胎龄儿阴茎长度与胎龄、出生体重、出生身长呈明显正相关;(3)大于胎龄儿阴茎长度平均值±1SD为34.6±3.2mm,正常范围与成熟儿相同。新生儿阴茎正常值的确定有助于小阴茎畸形的诊断和疗效的判断。     

重症急性胆管炎合并多器官功能不全综合征的内镜治疗时机的探讨

目的探讨多器官功能不全综合征（multiple organ dysfunction syndrome，MODS）阶段的重症急性胆管炎（acute cholangitis severe type，ACST）的内镜治疗时机。方法在采取常规吸氧、抗休克等内科治疗措施稳定生命体征的基础上，对9例进入MODS阶段的ACST行内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术、十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术或电针开窗术、网篮取石术、鼻胆管引流术或胆管内支架引流术。结果9例均于35min内顺利完成内镜治疗，7例进入多器官功能不全临床第1和2阶段于术后1—2周内恢复，2例已进入临床第3阶段于术后2周内死亡。结论对于尚未进入多器官功能不全临床第3阶段的重ACST应尽早行内镜下治疗，对于已经进入多器官功能不全临床第3或第4阶段的病人应以控制器官衰竭、恢复器官功能为主。