沸石-液态水吸附储热系统的释热特性

吸附储热是一种有着较高储热密度和较低热损失的储热方式.沸石-液态水吸附储热系统以沸石颗粒作为储热介质,具有系统简单、换热性能好和储热密度大等优点.利用Fluent建立了反应器二维轴对称对流换热模型,分析了进水流速、反应器高径比和颗粒粒径对系统释热过程出口水温的影响.研究表明,在计算条件下,该系统能够获得最大70℃的温升幅度,且进口流速越小,温升幅度越大;高径比越大,温升幅度越大,当高径比≥1.5时,温升不再随高径比的增加而增大;此外,粒径越小,反应速率和温升幅度越大,也越有利于沸石与水的充分反应.本研究有助于完善固-液吸附过程释热特性,为沸石-液态水吸附储热系统的设计和应用提供理论指导.     

固氮作物紫云英苜蓿叶象甲药剂筛选试验初探

为有效防治危害紫云英的苜蓿叶象甲,笔者测定了5种杀虫剂对叶象甲的田间防治效果。结果表明,每667 m²喷施10%联苯菊酯乳油30 mL防治苜蓿叶象甲幼虫,速效性和持效性优异,药后7 d和14 d的平均防效分别为92.2%和98.2%;喷施60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂30 mL和4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油30 mL的防效次之,药后14 d平均防效分别为86.5%和69.8%;喷施10%虫螨腈悬浮剂50 mL防治苜蓿叶象甲速效性好,药后7 d平均防效为62.4%;喷施5.7%甲维盐水分散粒剂10 g持效性好,药后14 d平均防效为83.4%。     

配电网弧光接地故障建模仿真与实验研究综述

弧光接地故障是配电网中最常见的故障,不易被发现且危害巨大,产生机理复杂,特征具有随机性。针对上述问题,从配电网弧光接地故障产生的原因和危害、弧光接地故障数学模型、弧光接地故障抑制和保护策略、弧光接地故障识别和定位技术、以及弧光接地故障的物理模拟实验与仿真测试等方面进行了阐述,对国内外的研究现状进行了总结和分析。并对配电网弧光接地故障的研究方向进行了展望,提出了从故障模型研究和数字仿真软件的开发、抑制策略研究和装置的研发、故障识别定位和保护策略、物理模拟和数模混合仿真测试技术4个方面建立配电网弧光接地故障研究框架。     

火电机组一次调频功率响应特性精细化建模

由于火电机组的功率响应具有较强的非线性特性,常规线性模型难以精确反映机组实际的一次调频响应特性。通过分析汽轮机阀门流量特性、主汽压力等关键因素对机组一次调频功率响应特性影响,引入阀门流量特性和主汽压力耦合函数、主汽压力模型和调节级压力-负荷动态转换系数,在典型汽轮机模型基础上构建火电机组一次调频功率响应特性精细化模型。结合某660 MW超临界机组的一次调频试验对所建立模型的性能进行验证。结果表明,与常规模型相比,新模型能够更好地反映实际机组的一次调频功率响应特性。     

MGH956合金TLP连接机理及接头组织分析

MGH956合金是采用机械合金化方法制造的氧化物弥散强化高温合金，具有高温力学性能好、高温抗氧化和抗腐蚀性能好的综合优势。自行研制了中间层合金KCol进行MGH956合金过渡液相(TLP)扩散连接试验，分析了接头组织、成分和连接工艺的关系，确定了MGH956合金TLP扩散连接机理。同时，对MGH956合金焊接接头中产生的夹渣缺陷进行了深入的分析。结果表明：在连接温度1240℃、保温8h条件下，可以获得焊接缺陷少、完整连续的焊接接头。     

IF钢轿车外板表面短线缺陷形成机理及改进措施

为了减少IF钢轿车外板表面短线缺陷,采用热重分析仪、扫描电镜和电子探针从无限冷硬轧辊的组织及其氧化特性的角度对IF钢轿车外板表面短线缺陷形成机理进行研究。结果表明,IF钢轿车外板表面短线缺陷呈现疤体形貌特征,疤体周围开裂区域存在氧化铁皮残留,疤体内微量元素呈现出高镍、低铬和低硅的特点,与无限冷硬轧辊表层组织的成分存在明显的对应关系;无限冷硬轧辊表层组织存在耐磨颗粒尺寸不均和石墨相球化不完全等问题。由此提出IF钢轿车外板表面短线缺陷主要源自轧制过程中无限冷硬轧辊在使用时表层氧化铁皮剥落和热疲劳开裂的交互作用。采取优化热轧排产制度和精轧机组负荷、加强对轧辊质量轧辊冷却水和润滑剂的管控以及提高轧辊表面质量等改进措施,效果良好。     

Effects of sintering pressure and temperature on microstructure and tribological characteristic of Cu-based aircraft brake material

A novel Cu-based P/M aircraft brake material was prepared and the effects of sintering pressure and temperature on microstructure and tribological characteristic were investigated. For the constant sintering temperature, when the sintering pressure increases from 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa, the porosity, wear loss and friction coefficient decrease remarkably. When the sintering pressure increases from 1.5 MPa to 2.5 MPa, the porosity further decreases but in a little degree and wear behaviors are improved slightly. However, once the sintering pressure is larger than 2.5 MPa, it has no obvious effect on microstructure and tribological characteristic. For the constant sintering pressure, when the sintering temperature increases from 900 ℃ to 930 ℃, the sintered density remarkably-increases, and wear behaviors are obviously improved. For further increasing sintering temperature to l 000 ℃, the density keeps on increasing, but wear behaviors change slightly.     

计算Fe-C-Xi合金系在正平衡和准平衡模式下γ→α相变驱动力的简便方法

根据Fe—C-Xi合金系的正平衡和准平衡热力学模型，推导了简便的奥氏体-铁素体相变驱动力计算解析式．根据公式，代入合金原始成分和Ae3温度，即可准确计算正平衡和准平衡模式下的奥氏体-铁素体相变驱动力．采用这一方法计算了Fe-C—Mn—Si—Ni—Or—Mo—Cu八元系的正平衡和准平衡奥氏体-铁素体相变驱动力．     

Windows NT/2000/XP环境下访问底层I/O端口的方法

不同于Windows 9x/ME操作系统,Windows NT/2000/XP对硬件实现了屏蔽,对I/O端口实行了严格控制,用户不能对底层I/O端口进行直接访问.论文基于利用PortTalk驱动,开发了对I/O端口直接访问的动态链接库,从而成功解决应用软件访问底层物理端口的问题,并用实例说明了该动态库的调用方法.     

Filling and solidification of TiAl melt in centrifugal field

A model was established based on the combination of the equation of continuity, the equation of conservation of momentum and the equation of general energy to describe the filling and solidification of TiAl melt by permanent mold centrifugal casting. The model was solved numerically and the filling and solidification processes in the centrifugal field were discussed. The results indicate that the centrifugal field essentially influences the filling and solidification processes of TiAl melt. The melt will first fill the cavity along the back boundary until it reaches the end. After the end is fully filled, the whole cavity will be filled gradually by the way that free surface of the melt moves towards the entrance, hence the entrance is the last part to be filled. Furthermore, the mechanism by which internal defects can be formed in centrifugally cast TiAl components were interpreted.