Engineering studies for the installation of an axi-symmetric metallic divertor in Tore Supra

Tore Supra (TS) has been designed to operate using technologies that allow long plasma operation (a few minutes), by means of superconducting magnets and actively-cooled high heat flux plasma facing components (PFCs). Actively cooled tungsten PFC will be used in the baffle area of the first ITER divertor. In order to validate such a technology fully (industrial manufacturing, operation with long plasma duration), the implementation of a tungsten axi-symmetric divertor in the tokamak Tore Supra has been studied [1]. With this second major upgrade, Tore Supra should be able to address the problematic of long plasma discharges with a metallic divertor.The proposed divertor is made up of two stainless steel casings containing a copper coil winding located at the top and bottom area of the vacuum vessel. These casings are firmly maintained by connection beams and protected by PFC. This paper describes the mechanical design of this major component and its integration in TS, the associated electromagnetic and thermomechanical analysis, the manufacturing issues and finally the integration of ITER representative PFCs.     

Revue de Aspects neurologiques de l'addiction.

Reviews the book Neurological aspects of addiction (2008). This book is a reference book on the neurological aspects of addiction. It is an invaluable tool for students, researchers and professionals interested in the topic of drug addiction and treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Scalp Current Density Mapping: Value and Estimation from Potential Data

Scalp current density (SCD) makes possible the identification of scalp sources and sinks of current. SCD is reference independent and its peaks and troughs are sharper than those of the scalp potential (SP). SCD, by comparison to SP, reflects mainly the activity of cortical generators. SCD mapping appears to be a valuable tool to spatially split smeared SP distribution due to simultaneously active generators. The SCD map may be computed from any sufficiently smooth mathematical SP map. An evaluation of the error of SCD estimation is given for a surface spline method of interpolation of SP. An example of the simultaneous use of SP and SCD in the analysis of somatosensory evoked data is given.     

Track-based self-supervised classification of dynamic obstacles

This work introduces a self-supervised architecture for robust classification of moving obstacles in urban environments. Our approach presents a hierarchical scheme that relies on the stability of a subset of features given by a sensor to perform an initial robust classification based on unsupervised techniques. The obtained results are used as labels to train a set of supervised classifiers. The outcomes obtained with the second sensor can be used for higher level tasks such as segmentation or to refine the within-clusters discrimination. The proposed architecture is evaluated for a particular realization based on range and visual information which produces track-based labeling that is then employed to train supervised modules that perform instantaneous classification. Experiments show that the system is able to achieve 95% classification accuracy and to maintain the performance through on-line retraining when working conditions change.     

Modelling and performance comparison of optimal AIGaAs/GaAs DMTs and multichannel HEMTs for power amplification

We present two detailed studies concerning thedmt and the multichannelhemt for power amplifications. Each work comprises a first theoretical part where the structure is optimized by simulating the device. Technological realizations are hence performed at the laboratory. The following measurements give results very encouraging and permit to foresee the superior performance relatively to that of GaAs powermesfet.     

用低成本FPGA轻松实现DDR内存接口设计

系统设计者在大量的应用中,常使用经济的双倍数据速率(DDR)内存。虽然DDR在概念上一目了然,但要满足它那高于100MHz速度的时序要求,却是一项挑战。由于它们的灵活性、内置特性、高速工作、大量的闸数和低成本,当今的FPGA为设计提供了有用的基础方法。DDR内存控制器设计的三个主要问题是:数据选通(DQS)和数据(DQ)间的对齐、数据的多路合成和分解以及时脉域的转换。数据选通至数据(DQS至QD)的对齐要对齐DQS和DQ,需要一个精密的DLL来动态地校准DQS。由于DDR内存在读操作时产生相位对齐的DQS和DQ,控制器必须将DQS相对于多个…     

Antinutritive Compounds in Different Oilseeds

Different oilseeds, usable as renewable resources, are analyzed for their content of condensed tannins, glucosinolates, phytic acid and its degradation products as well as for sinapine, and the results are presented. Seeds of sunflower, flax, coriander, Euphorbia lagascae, iberic. dragon head, safflor, Camelina sativa, soy, mustard, hemp and rapeseeds are used. Apart from hemp, coriander and Euphorbia lagascae different cultivars or genotypes of each species are investigated. The variation of the results of each cultivar or genotype is shown. Tannins and phytic acid are found in different amounts in all oilseeds, whereas sinapine and glucosinolates are limited to seeds from species belonging to the plant family Brassicaceae.     

Experimental characterization of the chaotic dynamics of cohesionless particles: application to a V-blender

So far, most of the investigations of the dynamics of granular material in blenders have been done in 2D tumblers due to the current lack of accurate measurement methods for the investigation of complex 3D flows. However, recent advances in the field of non-intrusive methods have paved the way to the characterization of the chaotic dynamics in 3D blenders. This work aims to present such an analysis in the case of a V-blender using radioactive particle tracking (RPT). Special attention is given to the chaotic properties of mixing by performing a time-series analysis of the position of a single tracer in motion in this blender. An original investigation of the mixing properties is also presented. More generally, this work shows that the mixing properties of a blender can be characterized by using tools of dynamical systems theory through a time-series analysis of data obtained from non-intrusive measurements.     

Towards a better assessment of the ecological status of coastal waters using satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentrations

The application of the new Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union will require a dense and frequent monitoring of chlorophyll-a near the coast. Not counting the transitional water bodies located in the vicinity of estuaries, not less than seventy four coastal water bodies have to be monitored along the coast of the French Atlantic continental shelf and the English Channel. All the available data have to be gathered to implement a comprehensive monitoring scheme. To this purpose, we evaluate the capacity of ocean colour imagery to complete the conventional in situ data set collected in coastal networks. Satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration is obtained by the application of a coastal Look-Up-Table to water-leaving radiance of the Sea-viewing Wide Field Instrument Sensor (SeaWiFS) for the 1998–2004 period. Seven years of satellite-derived and in situ chlorophyll-a concentrations are compared at seven representative stations of different water bodies. These comparisons show that the satellite products are reliable in most of the situations studied and throughout the seasons. Then the satellite imagery is used to classify the coastal waters following the eutrophication risk criterion of the WFD. This classification is made according to the percentile-90 of chlorophyll-a calculated during the productive season, from March to October. Despite a lack of sensor coverage over a small fraction of the near shore waters, this work shows that the satellite monitoring can considerably ease the application of the WFD.