Thickness evolution of commercial Li-ion pouch cells with silicon-based composite anodes and NCA cathodes

It is significant to monitor the thickness change of commercial Li-ion pouch cells that are assembled from Si-based electrodes and layered cathodes since the volume variation is critically linked with kinetic reaction mechanism and chemomechanical degradation. In this work, the single-point and full-field measurements are conducted on the thickness evolution of Si Ox/Cgraphite/lithium nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide(Si Ox-G/NCA) batteries. It is found that an abnormal overshoot that has been rarely observed in the previous studies appears at the beginning of discharge, which is believed to be the combined results between the rapid expansion of NCA and the contraction of graphite related to the state of charge(SOC). Compared with the results of single-point measurement, the spatial displacement distribution obtained from three-dimensional(3D) scanning suggests the full-field thickness evolution of the entire cell scale, which is more feasible and efficient to provide full-field information for supporting pouch cell design and pack integration.     

高硅铸钢的连冷组织及回火后性能

采用膨胀法和显微组织分析结合方法测定了高硅铸钢在不同冷速下的转变组织,依据测定的临界点和CCT制定了高硅铸钢的淬火和回火工艺,并研究了回火温度对组织和性能的影响.试验结果表明:连冷组织中无碳化物析出,当冷却速度小于0.15℃/s时,组织为铁素体和贝氏体混合组织;当冷却速度在0.15和2℃/s之间时,组织为贝氏体与马氏体混合组织;当冷却速度大于2℃/s时,转变为马氏体组织.马氏体回火后,其抗拉强度达到1830 MPa,延伸率达到13％.回火组织为极细的回火马氏体与低温贝氏体组织.     

膜曝气提升菌藻生物膜反应器效能及稳定性

比较曝气头曝气以及膜曝气两种曝气方式支持的菌藻共生系统在不同的运行条件下对污染物的去除效能,探讨去除机理。结果表明,以膜曝气为基础的MABAR对氨氮、总氮、磷、化学需氧量（COD）的去除负荷相对于以曝气头曝气为基础的HABAR,最高分别提升1.44、21.22、3.08、52.09 kg/m²/m³。藻类积累方面,MABAR在5个阶段的积累量都高于HABAR,最高提升15.17 mg/cm²。这不但归因于膜曝气良好的无吹脱和高效的碳化能力为自养藻类提供了充足的无机碳,而且膜曝气为一些十分有利于藻类生长的细菌,例如Acidovorax、Rhodobacter和Acinetobacter,提供了良好的生存环境。MABAR不但能够提升去除效能,还能够促使光生物膜反应器抵抗冲击,维持稳定,这对未来光生物反应器的实际应用提供了一种新的运行方式。     

固态锂电池研究及产业化进展

相比于传统液态锂离子电池,固态锂电池(SSLB)用固态电解质代替有机电解液,安全性和能量密度均大大提升,可以有效降低电动汽车安全隐患和缓解用户续航里程焦虑.固态电解质作为电子绝缘体和离子导体是SSLB核心要素之一,同时其存在离子电导率低、界面阻抗大和界面稳定性差等问题.通过研究近期相关文献,对硫化物固态电解质、氧化物固态电解质、聚合物固态电解质以及复合固态电解质锂电池的离子导电机理、研究进展、存在的主要问题及解决方案进行了综述和讨论.对于提高离子电导率,重点介绍了调整固态电解质组分的方法.对于改善界面问题,主要介绍了界面设计和制成工艺方法改善思路.综合分析表明,通过掺杂和包覆改性固态电解质、探索先进界面研究和诊断技术并指导设计具有优良锂离子传输能力的界面、创新和优化工艺能有效地提升固态电解质综合性能.最后列举了国内外重点企业的固态锂电池产业化进程,对固态锂电池未来应用前景进行了分析和展望.     

智能井下钻井技术发展与探讨

随着钻井行业中资源品质劣质和作业环境恶劣等现象的不断加剧,智能钻井技术因其独特的优势,已经逐步取代常规钻井工艺成为未来实现油气勘探开发可持续发展的重要举措.详细介绍了智能钻井的关键技术,简述了智能钻井设备的研究现状,论述了智能钻井技术目前面临的挑战和存在的不足,从多方面因素考虑,指出了该技术今后的发展方向,最后提出了建立智能定向、智能表征、智能提速、智能决策等多项集成的钻井技术是未来钻井行业的发展趋势.     

凝胶注模成型法制备堇青石多孔陶瓷的性能研究

实验按照堇青石的理论化学配比,以煤矸石、滑石和氧化铝为主要原料,采用凝胶注模成型法,将试样成型为Φ30 mm×30 mm的试样,在不同温度下烧成,测定试样的基本物理性能,采用XRD表征分析不同温度下试样的物相组成.结果表明:当凝胶注模浆料的固相质量分数为40％时,浆料的黏度为880 mPa·s,固化时间为550 s,干燥收缩率为10.12％,可保证注模过程的顺利进行,并能保证干燥后生坯的质量;在1350℃下烧制2 h,试样的烧成收缩率为25.79％,体积密度为0.6125 g·cm-3,气孔率为83.76％,且试样的主要物相组成为堇青石,表明以煤矸石为主要原料,采用凝胶注模成型法可制得一定气孔率的堇青石多孔陶瓷,对提高煤矸石的资源化综合利用率具有重要意义.     

新深101D井钻遇裂缝性地层气液多相流模拟

为预测石油钻井钻遇裂缝性地层所产生的气液置换现象,对新深101D井须家河组某井段钻遇某处裂缝性地层建立多相流模型进行数值模拟,分析裂缝大小、钻井液密度对气液置换现象的影响,分析模拟井段气液置换带来的井底压力变化规律.结果表明:所预测气液置换现象具有良好的可行性,裂缝大小及钻井液密度越大,相同时间内气液置换现象发生得越缓慢;裂缝-环空接触面上端置换速率最快,气液交界面挤压严重;钻井液密度为1800 kg·m-3时井底压力变化波动较小,呈线性趋势增长至稳定,但由于密度过大可能会损害其他薄弱地层,因此选取气液置换发生稳定且不压漏地层的钻井液密度,会使气液置换发生缓慢,减小井筒内外压差波动影响,有利于井控安全.     

Stimuli-Responsive Nanomaterials for Smart Tumor-Specific Phototherapeutics

Phototherapy, a type of photoresponsive regulation of biological activities, together with additional stimuli-responsive features, offers significant potential for enhancing the precision and efficacy of cancer treatments. To achieve tumor-specific therapeutics, numerous studies have focused on the development of smart phototherapeutic nanomaterials (PNMs) that can respond to endogenous pathological characteristics (e. g., mild acidity, the overproduction of glutathione, the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide, the overexpression of specific surface receptors, etc.) present in the tumor and/or exogenous stimuli. Such responsiveness can effectively improve the physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, tumor-targeting performance, and pharmacokinetic profile of PNMs. Herein, we will systematically discuss recent advances in this field. Moreover, potential challenges and future directions in the development of stimuli-responsive PNMs are also presented to support the development of this emerging cutting-edge research area.     

Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Steroidal Glycoconjugates as Potential Antiproliferative Agents

To systematically evaluate the impact of neoglycosylation upon the anticancer activities and selectivity of steroids, four series of neoglycosides of diosgenin, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone and estrone were designed and synthesized according to the neoglycosylation approach. The structures of all the products were elucidated by NMR analysis, and the stereochemistry of C20-MeON-pregnenolone was confirmed by crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds′ cytotoxicity on five human cancer cell lines was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and structure–activity relationships (SAR) are discussed. 2-deoxy-d -glucoside 5 k displayed the most potent antiproliferative activities against HepG2 cells with an IC₅₀ value of 1.5 μM. Further pharmacological experiments on compound 5 k on HepG2 cells revealed that it could cause morphological changes and cell-cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and then induced the apoptosis, which might be associated with the enhanced expression of high-mobility group Box 1 (HMGB1). Taken together, these findings prove that the neoglycosylation of steroids could be a promising strategy for the discovery of potential antiproliferative agents.     

The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Various Diseases and Anti-inflammatory Therapies Containing Natural Products

Chronic inflammation represents a long-term reaction of the body's immune system to noxious stimuli. Such a sustained inflammatory response sometimes results in lasting damage to healthy tissues and organs. In fact, chronic inflammation is implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancers. Targeting nonresolving inflammation thus provides new opportunities for treating relevant diseases. In this review, we will go over several chronic inflammation-associated diseases first with emphasis on the role of inflammation in their pathogenesis. Then, we will summarize a number of natural products that exhibit therapeutic effects against those diseases by acting on different markers in the inflammatory response. We envision that natural products will remain a rich resource for the discovery of new drugs treating diseases associated with chronic inflammation.