全文获取类型
收费全文 | 71522篇 |
免费 | 7971篇 |
国内免费 | 5175篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 84668篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 244篇 |
2023年 | 1269篇 |
2022年 | 2536篇 |
2021年 | 3378篇 |
2020年 | 2557篇 |
2019年 | 1825篇 |
2018年 | 1959篇 |
2017年 | 2174篇 |
2016年 | 2007篇 |
2015年 | 2997篇 |
2014年 | 3663篇 |
2013年 | 4707篇 |
2012年 | 5429篇 |
2011年 | 5687篇 |
2010年 | 5238篇 |
2009年 | 5159篇 |
2008年 | 5319篇 |
2007年 | 5178篇 |
2006年 | 4717篇 |
2005年 | 3853篇 |
2004年 | 2753篇 |
2003年 | 2021篇 |
2002年 | 1904篇 |
2001年 | 1766篇 |
2000年 | 1561篇 |
1999年 | 1019篇 |
1998年 | 669篇 |
1997年 | 544篇 |
1996年 | 470篇 |
1995年 | 398篇 |
1994年 | 334篇 |
1993年 | 247篇 |
1992年 | 190篇 |
1991年 | 149篇 |
1990年 | 145篇 |
1989年 | 77篇 |
1988年 | 96篇 |
1987年 | 90篇 |
1986年 | 50篇 |
1985年 | 46篇 |
1984年 | 35篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 23篇 |
1980年 | 31篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 6篇 |
1959年 | 19篇 |
1951年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 390 毫秒
31.
Huimin Zhao Wensi Wang Yunmei Du Yu Yang Minghui Wang Shaoxiang Li Ruixin Chen Yanru Liu Lei Wang 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(18):10763-10772
In this work, we synthesized Se doped MoS2@Ni3S2 with nanosheets coated nanorods structure supported on Ni foam (MoNiSeS). Firstly, MoS2@Ni3S2 (MoNiS) nanorods was synthesized by hydrothermal method. After selenization treatment, MoSe2 successfully formed on the edge of MoS2 nanosheets and particle Ni3S2 transformed into NiSe, in which MoSe2 and NiSe acted as new phase in MoNiSeS. The obtained MoNiSeS only needs a low overpotential of 68 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm?2, and has a low Tafel plots of 72.77 mV dec?1 and good electrochemical durability, whose electrochemical activity is much better than that of MoNiS and NiSeS, implying the introduction of Mo and Se is beneficial to improve the electrocatalytic performance of NiS for HER. In addition, the proper amount of Mo source, which has an effect on the morphology of product, has also been investigated. For MoNiSeS, the typical nanosheets coated nanarods expose more active sites and the synergic effects is good to the improvement of the catalytic activity. Meanwhile, WNiSeS has also been prepared using the same method and the corresponding results show that the electrochemical activity of WNiSeS is much better than that of NiSeS, proving the universality of this strategy. 相似文献
32.
采用Ni-P复合改性HZSM-5催化剂催化木质素降解制备高附加值的单酚类化学品,探讨了催化剂种类、金属负载量、反应温度、反应时间以及溶剂种类对木质素催化降解制备酚类化合物的影响。同时采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、比表面积和孔径分析仪(BET)、化学吸附仪(NH3-TPD)、热重分析仪(TG)以及气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC/MS)对催化剂以及液相产物进行分析表征,同时探讨其催化失活以及再生机制。结果表明:Ni、P高度分散在HZSM-5催化剂的表面,Ni的添加有效地弱化了C-C键,致使β-O-4和α-O-4发生断裂,有效地提高了木质素加氢解聚的活性,减少了焦炭的生成,但催化剂的再生水热稳定性较差,重复使用性较低。当采用甲醇为供氢试剂,在反应温度为220℃,氢气压力为2MPa,反应时间为8h,催化剂负载量为10%,NaOH为共催化剂时,其木质素的转化率为98.6%,酚类化合物的含量达到74.97%。产物以苯酚、愈创木酚和紫丁香酚为主,低温促进了紫丁香酚的产生。 相似文献
33.
Zu Guoqing Lu Yukuan Yan Yi Zhang Xiaoming Zhao Jingwei Du Wei Ran Xu Jiang Zhengyi 《Metals and Materials International》2020,26(2):248-259
Metals and Materials International - The flow behaviour and microstructure characteristics of a ferritic stainless steel were investigated using plain strain compression test on a Gleeble 3500... 相似文献
34.
Study on the relationship between the particle size distribution and the effectiveness of the K‐powder fire extinguishing agent 下载免费PDF全文
The relationship between the particle size distribution and the extinguishing effectiveness of the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent has been studied experimentally, to explore the reason of the great extinguishing efficiency exhibited by the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent on Class B fire (liquid fuel fire). The results of the experiment showed that the extinguishing effectiveness increased along with the decrease of the particle size distribution. In addition, a sharp discontinuity appeared around the limiting size, about 40 μm. The powder with the particle size below 40 μm exhibited highly effective extinguishing with the minimum effective extinguishing concentration Cxr = 23 g·m?3, while the powder with the particle size above 40 μm exhibited little fire extinguishing efficiency. Compared with other fire extinguishing agents produced by different substances, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing has the bigger limiting size. That means, in the same particle size distribution, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent contains more highly effective powder than others contain, and is more effective. 相似文献
35.
目的:探究miR-29a/HMGB1信号通路在高糖高脂(hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, HGHL)诱导的H9C2细胞纤维化过程中的作用。方法:使用含葡萄糖(33 mmol/L)和棕榈酸酯(500 μmol/L)的DMEM培养基干预H9C2细胞24 h用于后续实验。共有8个实验分组,分别为NC组、HGHL组、miR-NC组、mimics组、inhibitor组、pc-HMGB1组、si-HMGB1组和miR-29a mimics+pc-HMGB1组。流式细胞术检测各组H9C2细胞的凋亡率。Western blot实验检测各组H9C2细胞内转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活受体γ(PPARγ)和高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)的表达量。RT-qPCR检测各组细胞中miR-29a以及TGF-β1、CTGF、MMP-9、PPARγ、HMGB1 mRNA的表达水平。划痕实验检测各组H9C2细胞的迁移能力。结果:HGHL干预后,H9C2细胞的凋亡率显著增加(P<0.05),细胞迁移能力显著增强(P<0.05),细胞内TGF-β1、CTGF和MMP-9 mRNA表达水平显著增加(P<0.05),PPARγ mRNA的表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),相应蛋白的表达量也随mRNA的变化发生改变(P<0.05),此外H9C2细胞内miR-29a的表达水平也显著降低(P<0.05)。转染miR-29a mimics后,H9C2细胞因HGHL干预引起的凋亡率增加受到显著抑制(P<0.05),细胞的迁移能力也受到显著抑制(P<0.05),细胞内TGF-β1、CTGF和MMP-9蛋白表达量和mRNA表达水平相较于HGHL组显著降低(P<0.05),PPARγ蛋白表达量和mRNA表达水平显著增加(P<0.05)。转染miR-29a inhibitor后促进了HGHL诱导的H9C2细胞纤维化过程。miR-29a负调控HMGB1蛋白及其mRNA在H9C2细胞内的表达,双荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示HMGB1是miR-29a的下游靶基因。转染si-HMGB1与转染miR-29a mimics对HGHL诱导的H9C2细胞纤维化作用类似。同时转染miR-29a mimics与pc-HMGB1对HGHL诱导的H9C2心肌细胞纤维化无显著影响。 结论:HGHL干预后显著增加H9C2细胞的凋亡率,增强其迁移能力和纤维化的过程。同时HGHL干预显著下调miR-29a在细胞内的表达水平,miR-29a通过负调控HMGB1在细胞内的表达进而影响HGHL诱导的H9C2细胞纤维化。 相似文献
36.
Yan Xiong Xianwu Du Mingyu Xiang Hao Wang Weimin Wang Zhengyi Fu 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2018,38(12):4167-4172
The densification behaviors of pure B4C and B4C-ZrO2 mixtures were compared during hot pressing. The results showed that in-situ formed ZrB2 effectively enhanced the densification process of B4C-ZrO2 mixtures, more significantly during the intermediate stage. Within the relative density ranging from 0.75 to 0.90, the B4C-15?wt%ZrO2 mixture (B15Z) achieved the maximum densification rate as twice much as that of pure B4C. The stress exponent n>3 indicated plastic deformation was the dominant densification mechanism of B15Z. The viscosities of plastic flow were evaluated using Murray-Rodger-William equation and the viscosity of B15Z was only a quarter of that in pure B4C. The sintering activation energy was calculated to be 305.9?kJ/mol for pure B4C and 197?kJ/mol for B15Z, respectively. It was proposed that the lower viscosity of plastic flow and activation energy accelerated the sliding and propagating motions of plastic flow, by which underlain the enhanced densification behaviors of B4C-ZrO2 mixtures. 相似文献
37.
Tao Li Zehui Du Nobumichi Tamura Mao Ye Saikumar Inguva Wei Lu Xierong Zeng Shanming Ke Haitao Huang 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2018,38(4):1488-1497
(1-x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 ((1-x)PZN-xPT in short) is one of the most important piezoelectric materials. In this work, we extensively investigated (1-x)PZN-xPT (x = 0.07–0.11) ferroelectric single crystals using in-situ synchrotron μXRD, complemented by TEM and PFM, to correlate microstructures with phase transitions. The results reveal that (i) at 25 °C, the equilibrium state of (1-x)PZN-xPT is a metastable orthorhombic phase for x = 0.07 and 0.08, while it shows coexistence of orthorhombic and tetragonal phases for x = 0.09 and x = 0.11, with all ferroelectric phases accompanied by ferroelastic domains; (ii) upon heating, the phase transformation in x = 0.07 is Orthorhombic → Monoclinic → Tetragonal → Cubic. The coexistence of ferroelectric tetragonal and paraelectric cubic phases was in-situ observed in x = 0.08 above Curie temperature (TC), and (iii) phase transition can be explained by the evolution of the ferroelectric and ferroelastic domains. These results disclose that (1-x)PZN-xPT are in an unstable regime, which is possible factor for its anomalous dielectric response and high piezoelectric coefficient. 相似文献
38.
Baizhan Li Chenqiu Du Hong Liu Wei Yu Jie Zheng Meilan Tan Zhenxing Jin Wenjie Li Jing Wu Lu Chen Runming Yao 《Indoor air》2019,29(2):308-319
The extensive research interests in environmental temperature can be linked to human productivity / performance as well as comfort and health; while the mechanisms of physiological indices responding to temperature variations remain incompletely understood. This study adopted a physiological sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) as a temperature‐sensitive biomarker to explore the thermoregulatory mechanisms of human responding to annual temperatures. The measurements of subjects’ SCV (over 600 samples) were conducted in a naturally ventilated environment over all four seasons. The results showed a positive correlation between SCV and annual temperatures and a Boltzmann model was adopted to depict the S‐shaped trend of SCV with operative temperatures from 5°C to 40°C. The SCV increased linearly with operative temperatures from 14.28°C to 20.5°C and responded sensitively for 10.19°C‐24.59°C, while tended to be stable beyond that. The subjects’ thermal sensations were linearly related to SCV, elaborating the relation between human physiological regulations and subjective thermal perception variations. The findings reveal the body SCV regulatory characteristics in different operative temperature intervals, thereby giving a deeper insight into human autonomic thermoregulation and benefiting for built environment designs, meantime minimizing the temperature‐invoked risks to human health and well‐being. 相似文献
39.
Zhuo Shi Ningning Dong Dingfeng Zhang Xiaofang Jiang Guanxin Du Shichao Lv Jiejie Chen Jun Wang Shifeng Zhou 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(7):3965-3971
The construction of nonlinear optical materials featuring asymmetric transmission of light is of great technological importance for various applications, including optical switching and optical power limiting. A significant challenge is the scalable fabrication of material candidates with good photochemical stability, high optical transmittance, and excellent optical limiting performance. Here, we present a nanocrystallization avenue for constructing hybrid optical limiting materials that exhibit ultrafast and robust optical limiting performance. The experimental results show that the controllable relaxation of a niobate glass may lead to the clustering of Nb-O units and contracting of the bandgap. It results in the notable improvement in nonlinear optical properties, including the enhanced saturation irradiance (380 GW/cm2), doubly increased nonlinear coefficient, and decreased limiting threshold (200 GW/cm2). Our results suggest a promising material that exhibits promising applications for protecting eyes and sensitive components from laser-induced damage. 相似文献
40.