Selection of Technological Bases in Manufacturing

The role of the following factors in the selection of technological bases for manufacturing is considered: the accessibility of the machined surfaces; their parameters and dimensional relationships; their position relative to the forces acting; and the uniformity of the margin distribution.     

Synthesis and Properties of Azo Compounds Based on Nitroaniline Derivatives of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene

Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering - New research results, as well as those published earlier by the authors, on the synthesis of azo compounds based on nitroanilines obtained by the...     

Comparative evaluation of extraction of tetra- and hexa-valent neptunium ions by CMPO in a room temperature ionic liquid

ABSTRACT

Solvent extraction studies were performed to understand the extraction behavior of Np⁴⁺ and NpO₂ ²⁺ from acidic feeds with CMPO (octyl (phenyl)-N,N-diisobutyl carbamoyl methyl phosphine oxide) dissolved in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide, a water immiscible ionic liquid. Slope analyses on the distribution data revealed the extraction of ML₂ type species, where M = Np⁴⁺ or NpO₂ ²⁺, and L = CMPO. Studies were also carried out with Pu⁴⁺ and UO₂ ²⁺ under identical conditions. The nature of the extracted species was found to vary with the nature of the ionic species.     

Structural modification of aminoclay for catalytic applications

Abstract

An eco-friendly catalyst system was synthesized using three step reaction. The Cu nanoparticles bridged aminoclay catalyst was analyzed using various analytical techniques. The structure of the catalyst was confirmed by FTIR and XRD. The synthesized catalyst system was used for the reduction of p-nitrophenol (NP), Cr(VI), and fluorescein (Flur) dye individually, as well as in their mixture forms. The k_app value was computed to access the efficiency of the catalyst. The results indicated that the k_app value of the individual system is higher than that of the mixture systems due to the absence of the complex formation reaction. The catalytic performance of the catalyst was also tested for the Schiff base (SB) formation between poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) and aniline (ANI) in an oxygen atmosphere. The ¹H-NMR spectroscopy result indicates that the present catalyst system produced 86% yield.     

Hydrogen Production from Catalytic Steam Reforming of Bio-Oils: A Critical Review

In the future, hydrogen will be an important energy carrier and industrial raw material. Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oils is a promising and economically viable technology for hydrogen production. However, during the reforming process, the catalysts are rapidly deactivated due to coke formation and sintering. Thus, maintaining the activity and stability of catalysts is the key issue in this process. Optimized operation conditions could extend the catalyst lifetime by affecting the coke morphology or promoting coke gasification. This article summarizes the recent developments in the field of catalytic steam reforming of bio-oils, focusing on the operation conditions, the properties of the catalysts, and the effects of the catalyst supports. The expected insights into the catalytic steam reforming of bio-oils will provide further guidance for hydrogen production from bio-oils.     

Developing Methods for Producing Hydrophobized Platinum Catalysts of Different Types

Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering - The development of a thermostable hydrophobic platinum catalyst is an important scientific and practical problem. The purpose of this work is to...     

Development of a new ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) with Cd2+ ions based on divinylbenzene copolymers containing amidoxime groups

Polymer Bulletin - In this study, we synthesized a new ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) based on introduction of amidoxime groups in acrylonitrile, complexation with Cd2+ ions and polymerization with...     

Ultrasonic Technique for Assessment of the Rim Tightness of Hydro Generator Rotor

At the hydroelectric unit No. 11 of the Nizhnekamsk hydroelectric power plant, the filling wedges of a rotor were investigated by ultrasound in the free st     

Flowsheet Options for Cobalt Recovery in African Copper–cobalt Hydrometallurgy Circuits

The price of cobalt has increased by some 450% in the past two years, mainly due to increasing demand for lithium–ion batteries. With an official 2017 production of 64 kt, the Democratic Republic of Congo produces more than half of the world’s cobalt. African Copperbelt operations have traditionally focused on copper production; however, it has now become imperative to also consider cobalt recovery from these ores. A plethora of processing routes is possible. Most hydrometallurgical flowsheets recover cobalt from the raffinate of the low-grade copper solvent-extraction circuit. Downstream purification processes include sequential precipitation with a variety of reagents, solvent extraction, and ion exchange. Product choices include hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, and metal cathode. This study assesses technical and economic advantages and limitations of various approaches to the hydrometallurgical processing of cobalt in an African context.