IntroductionCurrent guidelines for the management of acute gallstone pancreatitis recommend cholecystectomy as definitive treatment during primary admission or within 2 weeks of discharge, with the aim of preventing recurrent pancreatitis. However, cholecystectomy during the inflammatory phase may increase surgical complication rates. This study aimed to determine whether adherence to the guidelines prevents recurrent pancreatitis while minimising surgical complications.MethodsMulti-centre review of seven UK hospitals, indentifying patients presenting with their first episode of gallstone pancreatitis between 2006 and 2008.ResultsA total of 523 patients with gallstone pancreatitis were identified, of which 363 (69%) underwent cholecystectomy (72 during the primary admission or within 2 weeks of discharge; 291 following this). Overall, 7% of patients had a complication related to cholecystectomy of which a greater proportion occurred when cholecystectomy was performed within guideline parameters (13% vs 6%; p = 0.07). 11% of patients were readmitted with recurrent pancreatitis prior to surgery, with those undergoing cholecystectomy outside guideline parameters being most at risk (p = 0.006).ConclusionThis study suggests cholecystectomy within guideline parameters significantly reduces recurrence of pancreatitis but may increase the risk of surgical complications. A prospective randomised study to assess the associated morbidity is required to inform future guidelines. 相似文献
We investigated immunomodulatory activity of autologous tumor cell vaccine from oral cancer patients ex vivo by lymphoproliferation assay and two color flow cytometry. Vaccine treatment lead to 10-fold higher proliferation of lymphocytes compared with the untreated controls. A significant increase in CD69(+) and HLA-DR(+) T-cells was observed in vaccine pulsed cultures compared with untreated (p<0.0001) controls. The frequency of IFN-gamma and IL-2 expressing CD4(+)/CD8(+)T-cell subsets was significantly higher with a concomitant reduction in IL-4 and IL-10 expression in the vaccine-treated group (p<0.0001) compared with the untreated controls. Vaccine treatment further increased T-cell receptor Vbeta3, Vbeta5, and Vbeta8 usage. It seems that the autologous tumor cell vaccine triggers T-cell responses ex vivo, hence it may have a protective role in oral cancer patients. 相似文献
Extensive resections for advanced malignancies of the oral cavity quite often require patients to have a tracheostomy tube and nasogastric tube for prolonged periods leading to dependence. Timely and safe removal of these tubes would help hasten the recovery and rehabilitation of these patients. A simple bedside protocol for evaluation and weaning of nasogastric tube and tracheostomy tube is outlined in this communication. This would help health care workers in resource-poor settings make safe clinical decisions and improve care. 相似文献
Stroke is an increasingly prevalent clinical condition and second leading cause of death globally. The present study evaluated the therapeutic potential of Indian Ginseng, also known as Withania somnifera (WS), supplementation on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in experimental model of ischemic stroke. Stroke was induced in animals by occluding the middle cerebral artery, followed by reperfusion injury. Ischemia reperfusion injury resulted in increased oxidative stress indicated by increased reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyl levels; compromised antioxidant system; in terms of reduced superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, along with reduction in GSH levels and the redox ratio, impaired mitochondrial functions and enhanced expression of apoptosis markers. Ischemia reperfusion injury induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in terms of (i) reduced activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, (ii) reduced histochemical staining of complex-II and IV, (iii) reduced in-gel activity of mitochondrial complex-I to V, (iv) mitochondrial structural changes in terms of increased mitochondrial swelling, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ultrastructural changes. Additionally, an increase in the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9 was also observed, along with altered expression of apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in MCAO animals. MCAO animals also showed significant impairment in cognitive functions assessed using Y maze test. WS pre-supplementation, on the other hand ameliorated MCAO induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, apoptosis and cognitive impairments. The results show protective effect of WS pre-supplementation in ischemic stroke and are suggestive of its potential application in stroke management.