Th2细胞因子调节哮喘炎症细胞转运机制的研究

目的 探讨Th2细胞因子IL-5、IL-13调节哮喘炎症过程中肺和骨髓之间的细胞转运机制。方法 建立哮喘动物模型,获取肺泡灌洗液,检测IL-5、IFN-γ,浓度并进行病理分析;应用原位杂交技术检测肺组织IL-5、IL-13 mRNA表达和骨髓IL-5mRNA表达;免疫组化法观察肺、骨髓IL-5免疫反应细胞;流式细胞仪检测骨髓CD34、CD3阳性细胞。结果 哮喘组肺泡灌洗液IL-5浓度明显高于对照组(P<0.001);哮喘组肺组织病理改变显示小气道痉挛,管壁周围炎性细胞浸润,以嗜酸粒细胞、淋巴细胞为主;哮喘组肺组织IL-5、IL-13 mRNA表达较对照组显著增加(P<0.01);哮喘组骨髓IL-5 mRNA阳性细胞明显增加(P<0.001),与肺组织IL-5 mRNA表达的增高密切相关(P<0.05);此外,哮喘组肺组织和骨髓IL-5免疫反应细胞显著增加(P<0.01),骨髓CD34、CD3细胞均显著增高(P<0.01),并且CD34增高与骨髓细胞表达IL-5 mRNA密切相关(P<0.05)。结论IL-5可能在转录和转录后水平均参与调节骨髓嗜酸粒细胞的功能和炎症细胞在肺和骨髓之间的转运。     

应用RNA干扰技术抑制神经元E3B1基因表达及对轴突生长的影响

目的:探讨应用RNA干扰(RNAi)技术抑制神经元E3B1基因表达及其对轴突生长的影响.方法:选择针对E381(NCBI:NM-024397)RNAi的3个靶位点Abil1、Abil2、Abil3和1个不针对任何mRNA的RNAi靶位点(阴性对照)以及甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH,阳性对照),用带有neoR选择标志和GFP绿色荧光标志的真核表达载体pGenesil-1构建E381 RNAi质粒,分别转染培养的神经元,在荧光显微镜下观测转染率,经G418筛选得到单一的转染细胞,并用Western blot法检测各转染组神经元E3B1蛋白的表达情况,选出具有最佳抑制效应的siRNA转染神经元,加人轴突生长抑制物,观测轴突生长情况.结果:成功构建了RNAi质粒,各组细胞的转染率相近,均为34%左右.与阴性对照组相比,Abil1、Abil2和Abil3转染组细胞内E3B1 mRNA的表达都受到了不同程度的抑制,其中Abil3转染组细胞的E381 mRNA和蛋白的表达抑制最为显著,加入轴突抑制剂后Abil3转染组神经元轴突仍能继续生长.结论:应用RNA干扰技术能高效特异地抑制神经元E3B1基因的表达,E3B1基因的表达下调可促进神经元轴突的生长.     

牵张力对体外培养兔鼻软骨细胞影响的实验研究

目的：探讨牵张力对体外培养的不同年龄兔鼻软骨细胞增殖活性的影响及牵张力大小与兔鼻软骨细胞增殖活性改变的量效关系。方法：将第4代体外培养的新生及6周龄新西兰白兔兔鼻软骨细胞置于细胞膜式牵张力施加装置上培养，流式细胞仪检测不同的牵张力(5kPa、10kPa)在0-12h内对兔鼻软骨细胞增殖活性的影响。结果：0-10h内5kPa牵张力组软骨细胞增殖指数随着牵张力作用时间的延长不断上升，增殖指数峰值位于10h处；0～8h内10kPa牵张力组软骨细胞增殖指数随着牵张力作用时间的延长不断上升，增殖指数峰值位于8h处；5kPa较10kPa牵张力对体外培养兔鼻软骨细胞具有更大的促增殖作用；牵张力对体外培养的新生兔兔鼻软骨细胞具有更大的促增殖作用。结论：牵张力可促进体外培养的新生及六周龄新西兰白兔兔鼻软骨细胞增殖活性。提示我们鼻软骨牵张方法不仅适用于临床矫治新生儿唇腭裂伴发鼻畸形，而且有可能用于矫治1岁左右婴儿甚至更大年龄患儿的唇腭裂伴发鼻畸形。     

影响胸椎后凸的多因素分析

[目的]研究胸椎后凸与性别、年龄、椎体和椎间盘形态的关系。[方法]回顾性研究、收集61例样本的性别、年龄资料和胸椎MRI片。在计算机上测量椎体、椎间盘前后缘的高度和Cobbs角,以椎体和椎间盘前后缘的高度比值代表椎体和椎间盘的形态,Cobbs角代表胸椎后凸。通过Pearsons相关分析和逐步回归分析研究他们之间的相关性。[结果]椎体形态与胸椎后凸的相关性比较大,相对来说椎间盘与胸椎后凸的相关性则比较小。女性81%的胸椎后凸与椎体和椎间盘的形态有关。男性72%的胸椎生理性后凸与椎体和椎间盘的形态有关。[结论]正常胸椎后凸是由椎体和椎间盘的形态共同决定的,特别是女性胸椎后凸与椎体和椎间盘形态的关系更加密切。     

原发性软骨肉瘤CT诊断2例

软骨肉瘤的X线诊断已有较多研究,但软骨肉瘤的CT诊断较少研究,为此,提供经穿刺活检病理证实的软骨肉瘤2例,以提高对软骨肉瘤的CT诊断水平。病例1男,52岁。左肩关节疼痛、活动受限10年余,加重半年。查体:左肩关节活动受限、僵直,不能抬举。实验室检查:碱性磷酸酶增高。CT表现:左肱骨、干骺端骨质破坏,病变上下连续约6·0cm,中心呈大囊状,周围呈小囊状,破坏区中见1·5cm×1·5cm的不规则高密度灶,肱骨外侧骨皮质不连续,向周围软组织侵犯,形成软组织肿块,肿块内钙化灶呈斑块状。无骨膜反应,肩关节间隙可,关节面未见侵犯(图1)。CT诊断:①左…     

Surgical strategy of one stage surgery of anterior release combined with posterior correction in treatment of severe scoliosis

Objective: Severe scoliosis refers to scoliosis with serious and stiff curve. It always combins with trunk imbalance in coronal and sagittal contour. Besides complex pathological changes, cardiopulmonary deficits and other concomitant diseases increase treatmental difficulties. So the treatment of severe scoliosis is always a great challenge to spine surgeon. Methods :Thirty-six patients with severe scoliosis received one stage posterior correction followed by anterior release during July 1997 to January 2003, including 9 males and 27 females. Mean age was 17.2 years. Of them, 33 was idiopathic scoliosis and 3 was neurofibromatosis scoliosis( Cobb angle: 85-116 degree); 20 cases were abnormal in sagital plane. Three-dimensional devised instrumentation were applied such as CD, CD-Horizon, TSRH or Isola in posterior procedure followed by anterior release during the same anesthesia. 31 cases of this group received thorac icplasty. Results: The correction in the frontal plane achieved an average of 48.5%. In the sagittal plane, the pathological shape of the spine was reduced and distinctly ameliorated. 80. 6% of the patients maintained or achieved balance of sagittal plane. There were no complications of severe neurological deficit, hook displacement, rod broken, and deep infection at follow-up. One case occurred traumatic pleurisy after operation and another appeared pseudarthrosis 2 years later. One case demonstrated imbalance 11 months after operation. One patient was presented loss of correction more than 10 degree at one year follow-up and 5.2 degree in average. Conclusion:The study indicates that the one stage posterior correction combined with anterior release in treatment of severe scoliosis can achieve satisfactory correction. Appropriate choice of cases, preoperational detailed assessment and application of SEP and wake-up test during operation can possibly reduce severe complication. The long-term outcomes still need further observation.     

社区干预治疗对促进脑梗死患者功能恢复效果分析

目的探讨社区干预治疗对促进脑梗死患者功能恢复的效果。方法以自愿的方式选择通州区经委社区卫生服务站和八里桥社区卫生服务站所管辖社区内38例脑梗死恢复期患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对治疗组患者进行为期1年的社区干预治疗,比较治疗组与对照组患者功能恢复情况(日常生活活动能力)。结果通过1年的早期社区干预治疗,治疗组较对照组患者功能恢复效果明显提高(P<0.01)。结论早期社区干预治疗对脑梗死患者功能恢复有促进作用。     

同步放化疗治疗中晚期食管癌60例

目的 观察对中晚期食管癌患者同步放化疗,疗效及毒副作用.方法 中晚期食管癌120例,随机分放化疗组60例(简称放化组)和单纯放疗组60例(简称单放组).放疗采用常规分割,DT40 Gy后缩小照射野,避开脊髓斜野照射,加量DT20～30 Gy,6～7周完成.放化组放疗1、4周后应用顺铂(DDP)20 mg/d、亚叶酸钙(CF)0.1 g/d,CF静脉滴注1/2量时5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)500 mg/d静脉滴注,连续5 d为1个周期,化疗当天进行放疗.结果 放化组与单放组1、2、3年生存率分别为67%、46%、34%和52%、38%、24%;放射性肺炎分别为14例和12例;外周血细胞下降分别为26例和17例;胃肠道反应分别为25例和9例;死亡分别为38例和48例.两组治疗效果比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 放疗同步PLF方案化疗治疗中晚期食管癌生存率高,毒副作用及不良反应低.     

The Involvement of Cytosolic Chymotrypsin-like,Trypsin-like,and Cucumsin-like Activities in Degradation of Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factor I by Epithelial Tissues

Using specific substrates, benzyloxycarbonyl-Gly-Gly-Leu-p-nitroanilide, benzyloxycarbonyl-Gly-Gly-Arg-2-naphthylamide and benzyloxycarbonyl-Leu-Leu-Glu-2-naphthylamide, cytosolic chymotrypsinlike, trypsin-like and cucumsin-like activities were determined, respectively, in rat epithelial tissues and differentiated human Caco-2 cells. The cytosolic fractions of rat colonic, rectal, nasal, and alveolar epithelial cells and differentiated human Caco-2 cells contained these three distinct enzyme activities. However, effects of enzyme inhibitors revealed that these three distinctive activities were not extensively involved in cytosolic or homogenate degradation of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). It is concluded that proteasome-like activities may not significantly limit nonparenteral absorption of peptide and protein drugs such as insulin and IGF-I.     

新生鼠胰岛干细胞分离、培养和分化的实验研究

目的　探索新生鼠胰岛干细胞体外分离鉴定、培养以及体外分化的方法。方法　用胶原酶消化新生大鼠胰腺 ,将消化的组织碎片在pH7.4～ 7.6条件下经含血清RPMI 164 0及无血清RPMI164 0 (添加bFGF ,EGF ,N 2 )培养液中培养 ,观察形成类胰岛样细胞团的全过程。用胰岛素释放实验检测胰岛功能 ,免疫荧光法检测nestin的表达。结果　胰腺消化碎片培养 3 6h内 ,可见nestin阳性细胞贴壁 ,添加bFGF ,EGF ,N2后nestin阳性细胞快速增长 ,18～ 2 4d形成类胰岛样细胞团 ,并可表达胰岛素。结论　胰腺细胞中nestin阳性细胞具有胰岛干细胞特点 ,经体外培养可获得类胰岛样细胞团