时辰化服用依那普利、左旋氨氯地平治疗高血压病临床观察

目的 探讨依那普利、左旋氨氯地平时辰化服用治疗高血压病的疗效.方法 61例高血压病患者随机分为两组,A组(时辰化服药组)32例,依那普利10mg于清晨6:00时、左旋氨氯地平2.5mg于中午12:00时服用.B组(常规化服药组)29例,依那普利、左旋氨氯地平均于上午8:00时服用,剂量用A组.采用无创袖带式动态血压监测系统Spacelab 90217-1 B于服药前及1周、3周后进行24 h每半小时测血压一次.结果 A、B两组服药后3周末与服药前比较,A组治疗后24h平均收缩压(24hMSBP)/舒张压(24hMDBP)、白昼平均收缩压(dMSBP)/舒张压(dMDBP),夜间平均收缩压(nMSBP)/舒张压(nMDBP),白昼血压负荷(dLBp)/夜间血压负荷(nLBp)、平均动脉压(MAP)、血压晨蜂(MBPS)较前均显著下降(P<0.01);B组治疗3周末以上各指标较服药前也有明显下降(P<0.05),但是下降程度较小;服药治疗3周末A组与B组比较,以上各指标A组较B组下降明显(P<0.05);服药治疗3周末,A组24 h血压变异小,T/P高,B组24 h血压变异大,T/P低.结论 依那普利、左旋氨氯地平按时辰化服用可平稳、有效控制24 h血压,能最大限度降低血压波动和保护靶器官功能.     

胸椎椎弓根螺钉技术在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸矫治中的应用

椎弓根螺钉技术在脊柱侧凸矫治术中的应用十分广泛，主要应用于腰椎。胸椎侧凸由于其解剖结构复杂又毗邻重要组织，使得椎弓根螺钉的置入难度较大、危险性较高。尤其对青少年脊柱侧凸患者，胸椎椎弓根螺钉技术的应用尚存在争议。我科2002年7月～2004年1月对14例青少年脊柱侧凸患者胸椎全部应用胸椎椎弓根螺钉治疗，并与全部应用椎板构、椎弓根钩及部分应用椎弓根螺钉的对照组进行比较，以评价其矫形效果。     

常压及控制性降压下脊髓急性牵拉损伤比较研究

目的 评价控制性降压是否增加脊髓对牵拉损伤的易感性。材料与方法健康成年杂种犬6只，随机分为常压和控制性降压脊髓牵拉损伤组。观察常压及控制性降压水平下相同程度牵拉损伤后脊髓血流(SCBF)、体感诱发电位(SEP)、神经源性运动诱发电位(NMEP)改变的差异。结果 外周血有创动脉压(MABP)平均下降幅度为40．5％。经SSPS统计软件独立样本t检验，不同牵拉水平下，常压组及低压组的SCBF(％)、SEP波幅(Asep)(％)及NMEP波幅(％)无显著差异。结论 尼卡地平控制性降压不增加脊髓对牵拉损伤的易感性。     

12例心脏锐器伤的诊断与治疗

心脏锐器伤病情危重，如致心脏破裂死亡率高，仅有少数患者能及时地被转送到医院急救。李良彬等报道，入院前死亡率达80％，及时地诊断和手术可使80～90％的伤者获救，现将1995年2月至2004年1月救治12例心脏锐器伤的体会报道如下。     

Surgical strategy of one stage surgery of anterior release combined with posterior correction in treatment of severe scoliosis

Objective: Severe scoliosis refers to scoliosis with serious and stiff curve. It always combins with trunk imbalance in coronal and sagittal contour. Besides complex pathological changes, cardiopulmonary deficits and other concomitant diseases increase treatmental difficulties. So the treatment of severe scoliosis is always a great challenge to spine surgeon. Methods :Thirty-six patients with severe scoliosis received one stage posterior correction followed by anterior release during July 1997 to January 2003, including 9 males and 27 females. Mean age was 17.2 years. Of them, 33 was idiopathic scoliosis and 3 was neurofibromatosis scoliosis( Cobb angle: 85-116 degree); 20 cases were abnormal in sagital plane. Three-dimensional devised instrumentation were applied such as CD, CD-Horizon, TSRH or Isola in posterior procedure followed by anterior release during the same anesthesia. 31 cases of this group received thorac icplasty. Results: The correction in the frontal plane achieved an average of 48.5%. In the sagittal plane, the pathological shape of the spine was reduced and distinctly ameliorated. 80. 6% of the patients maintained or achieved balance of sagittal plane. There were no complications of severe neurological deficit, hook displacement, rod broken, and deep infection at follow-up. One case occurred traumatic pleurisy after operation and another appeared pseudarthrosis 2 years later. One case demonstrated imbalance 11 months after operation. One patient was presented loss of correction more than 10 degree at one year follow-up and 5.2 degree in average. Conclusion:The study indicates that the one stage posterior correction combined with anterior release in treatment of severe scoliosis can achieve satisfactory correction. Appropriate choice of cases, preoperational detailed assessment and application of SEP and wake-up test during operation can possibly reduce severe complication. The long-term outcomes still need further observation.     

STYLOID PROCESS SYNDROME LENGTFI AND PALPATION OF THE STYLOLD PROCESS

In 1980, 267 patients with related symp- toms were examined by tomography in our hos- pital. Among them the styloid process (SP) of 128 cases were 30 mm or more in length. Pha- ryngeal palpation was performed in 98. The SPs of 61 patients were palpable and tender. Diagno- sis was based on the related symptoms, tomogra- phy, positive pharyngeal palpation and SP tender- ness. Tomography showed that the longest SP was 75 mm, while the longest one with symptoms was 65 mm. The medial angulations of the SPs were from 100 t0 27° and the anterior angulations from 300 t0 50°.     

维药清热解毒颗粒挥发油提取及其β-环糊精包合工艺的研究

目的：建立清热解毒颗粒的挥发油提取工艺。方法：采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油；β-环糊精包令挥发油。结果：所制得制剂质量稳定、操作方便。     

第九讲 小儿结核病的治疗

结核病是慢性、全身性疾病,只有在全身疗法的基础上,充分调动小儿身体的抗病能力,用特效的抗结核药物治疗才能更好地发挥其抗菌作用,取得更好的治疗效果。有的抗结核药物只是起到抑菌作用,要彻底消灭体内的结核菌,就得靠患儿本身的免疫力发挥作用,慢慢地清除结核菌。所以在结核病的治疗上,全身疗法不能忽视。全身疗法中首先要注意合理的营养和休息,给以高蛋白质、高维生素的饮食。患儿的     

急性心肌梗塞误诊为呼吸系疾病11例分析

在基层,由于对一部分非典型急性心肌梗塞(AMI)认识不足和/或警惕性不高,往往延误诊断,给治疗及预后带来严重影响。本文分析了本院近10年来收治的误诊为呼吸系疾病的非典型AMI11例资料,供参考。