Analysis of the Spatial Characteristics of the Water Usage Patterns Based on ESDA-GIS: An Example of Hubei Province,China

The spatial characteristics and the high-duty water regions of the Water Usage Patterns (WUP) are very important for the allocation and management of water resources. Taken Hubei province, China as an example, we adopted the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) method to investigate the spatial dependence and local patterns of the WUP from 2003 to 2012. Subsequently, the spatial variation mechanisms were analyzed through the gravity center model. The results indicated that the overall spatial dependence of the agricultural WUP was detected (more significant after 2008). Moreover, the global spatial autocorrelation analysis results on the domestic WUP showed statistical significance (Moran’s I?>?0.1, P?<?0.05). These indicated that the local patterns were presented. The high values clustering areas of the agricultural and domestic WUP were mainly distributed in the central province and in the western province respectively. However, the approximate random distribution was identified for the industrial WUP because the industrial development had been conducted widely in the whole province during these years. Furthermore, the governmental policies and natural environment contributed to the spatial evolution tendency of the WUP. An increasing trend of the spatial association of the agricultural WUP and a significant decreasing trend of that of the domestic WUP, which suggested that the natural circumstance superiority and the industrial structure adjustment related to water utilization has been utilized and implemented effectively. This study can provide a useful reference and guidance for scientific planning of water resource systems.     

Modeling of Water Resources Allocation and Water Quality Management for Supporting Regional Sustainability under Uncertainty in an Arid Region

In this study, a scenario-based interval-stochastic fraticle optimization with Laplace criterion (SISFL) method is developed for sustainable water resources allocation and water quality management (WAQM) under multiple uncertainties. SISFL can tackle uncertainties presented as interval parameters and probability distributions; meanwhile, it can also quantify artificial fuzziness such as risk-averse attitude in a decision-making issue. Besides, it can reflect random scenario occurrence under the supposition of no data available. The developed method is applied to a real case of water resources allocation and water quality management in the Kaidu-kongque River Basin, where encounter serve water deficit and water quality degradation simultaneously in Northwest China. Results of water allocation pattern, pollution mitigation scheme, and system benefit under various scenarios are analyzed. The tradeoff between economic activity and water-environment protection with interval necessity levels and Laplace criterions can support policymakers generating an effective and robust manner associated with risk control for WAQM under multiple uncertainties. These discoveries avail local policymakers gain insight into the capacity planning of water-environment to satisfy the basin’s integrity of socio-economic development and eco-environmental sustainability.     

ABS／PVC合金的研究

研究了ＡＢＳ／ＰＶＣ合金的相结构和ＡＢＳ含量对合金力学性能、加工性能的影响，借助ＴＧＡ、ＩＲ等方法研究了ＡＢＳ／ＰＶＣ合金的热稳定性，结果表明，ＡＢＳ／ＰＶＣ合金具有良好的综合性能。     

拱肋间距对喷混凝土拱肋加固效应的影响研究

喷混凝土拱肋是加固软弱围岩的一种有效支护形式,其间距主要根据经验确定,可能偏大或偏小。为了揭示拱肋间距对加筋拱肋加固效应的影响,采用基于有限差分法的FLAC3D软件对施工期某地下厂房交通洞软弱围岩在拱肋间距分别在1.0―5.0m之间变化情况下变形、应力和屈服区等分布规律进行了对比仿真模拟。仿真结果表明:拱肋间距越大,围岩变形、顶拱最大主压应力和塑性屈服区越大,拱肋承受荷载越大;且拱肋间距介于2.0―3.0m时,能充分发挥围岩自承作用和拱肋支护潜力,围岩变形稳定满足要求,支护成本最低。本文的研究成果为确定喷混凝土拱肋合理间距提供了重要参考。     

大分子相容剂在填充聚烯烃中的应用

综述了国内外大分子相容剂在填充聚烯烃塑料中的应用，以及大分子相容剂改性填充聚烯烃塑料的物理与力学性能；指出大分子相容剂用于填充塑料，能改善高分子基体与填料间界面粘结，提高填充塑料复合材料的物理与力学性能，比传统有机偶联剂更具特点。     

多孔碳酸钙陶瓷--人造珊瑚的研究

天然珊瑚有三维贯通的多孔网络结构，它的主要成分碳酸钙(CaC03)在人体环境可降解。模拟珊瑚的组成与结构，研制新型的组织工程支架材料有着良好的应用前景。本文探索了多孔碳酸钙陶瓷的制备方法，并通过盐析法制备了一种多孔的碳酸钙陶瓷，有望获得高的孔隙率和孔连通性。     

MAH接枝EPDM增韧PA66的研究

研究了MAH(马来酸酐)接枝三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM—g-MAH)对尼龙66(PA66)的增韧作用。利用SEM(扫描电镜)观察了共混体系的微观形貌(形态结构)，并运用小角激光散射(SALS)方法研究了EPDM的加入对PA66结晶性能的影响。结果表明，未接枝的EPDM与PA66的相容性很差，而EPDM—g—MAH与PA66相容性明显增加，EPDM-g—MAH粒子均匀分散在PA66中，共混体系力学性能有很大提高。随着EPDM—g—MAH用量的增加，PA66球晶尺寸变小，共混体系界面结合更加紧密。     

BaTiO_3粉体中Ti/Ba比分析方法的比较

提出了用ＫＯＨ熔融分解ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体〔１〕，再用浓ＨＣｌ酸化后，用感应耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ＩＣＰ—ＡＥＳ法）测定试样中的Ｔｉ／Ｂａ比，并与化学分析法的结果作了比较，显示出ＩＣＰ—ＡＥＳ法简便，快速，结果更好。     

Preparation and characterization of porous carbon beads and their application in dispersing small metal crystallites

Porous carbon beads were prepared by the pyrolysis of poly(vinylidene chloride) beads that were synthesized by suspension polymerization. After prolysis treatment at 180–300 °C under argon stream, the polymeric beads were further carbonized at 1000 °C for 3 h under argon stream to acquire porous carbon beads, of which the specific surface area was about 1000 m²/g, and pore size was mainly in the width range of 0.8–1.2 nm. The carbon structure and surface chemical composition characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, depended on the preparation temperature and the relations between them were examined. The characterization of the carbon beads by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy presented the morphological structure of the carbon beads surface and a global view of pores. The dispersion of nickel crystallites on the carbon beads surface was characterized by electron microprobe analysis. This study reveals that uniform surface morphological structure leads to the fine dispersion of metal crystallites.     

2种C1化工路线制乙二醇技术经济分析

介绍了以煤炭或天然气衍生的合成气为原料,一步法直接合成和经甲醛(或草酸酯)间接法合成乙二醇工艺的历史和进展,并对这2条被认为是有希望在不远的将来实现产业化的技术路线进行了工艺比较和经济性比较。认为CO经草酸酯合成乙二醇技术路线具有反应条件温和、设备投资小、环境友好等优点,并且其产品工厂成本低18.7%,是首选的C1化工合成乙二醇技术路线。