智慧能源站能效指标评估体系

为能够评价智慧能源站的能效水平,提出了适用于三站合一形式的能效评估体系.首先,分析了各个站的能耗影响因素,建立了智慧能源站指标体系,并给出了各个指标的计算方法;其次,基于提出的能效指标体系,通过主观权重法和关联度分析法的结合确定各指标权重,结合能效分值和权重对智慧能源站进行能效评估,并进行仿真,研究不同运行状态下的能效变化,给出节约能耗的具体建议.     

酶预处理对木质纤维素纳米纤丝性能的影响

采用机械法、内切葡聚糖酶预处理/机械法、木聚糖酶预处理/机械法制备得到木质纤维素纳米纤丝,通过分析形态与结构特性探索了酶预处理过程对木质纤维素纳米纤丝性能的影响.结果表明,内切葡聚糖酶/机械法制备的木质纤维素纳米纤丝具有最高的保水值(564％)、最优的比表面积(173.71 m2/g)和最稳定的Zeta电位(-45.43 mV).内切葡聚糖酶预处理能够疏松木质纤维微观结构,利于后续机械研磨分离出更细小的纤丝.     

烷基磺酸蒽醌电解质的合成及其在液流电池中的应用

分别以1,2-二羟基蒽醌、2,6-二羟基蒽醌和1,4-二羟基蒽为原料与丙烷磺内酯反应,合成了3种烷基磺酸基蒽醌[1-羟基-2-氧丙烷磺酸基蒽醌(1,2-AQPSH2)、2,6-二氧丙烷磺酸基蒽醌(2,6-AQDPSH2)和1-羟基-2-氧丙烷磺酸基蒽醌(1,4-AQPSH2)].研究了3种烷基磺酸基蒽醌在1 mol/L NaCl水溶液中的溶解性及其在中性条件下的氧化还原性质.选取溶解性最好的烷基磺酸基蒽醌(1,4-AQPSH2)作为阳极电解质,与2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶醇(4-OH-TEMPO)阴极电解液搭配使用,以Nafion212作为离子交换膜,组装了中性水系有机氧化还原液流电池单电池,该液流电池的开路电压约为1.0 V,在60 mA/cm2电流密度下进行循环性能测试,电池的能量密度为68％,库仑效率为97％,电压效率为69％,经过75个充放电循环测试后电池的放电容量没有明显的降低,表明1,4-AQPSH2在该体系下运行具有良好的稳定性.这些结果表明1,4-AQPSH2作为中性水系有机氧化还原液流电池阳极电解液具有很好的应用前景.     

An experimental study on the choked flow characteristics of CO2 pipelines in various phases

High pressure pipeline transportation has been an established technology for economically transporting large amounts of CO_2. However, there are still issues and associated risks that have to be effectively addressed and adequately understood. It is well known that a strong Joule-Thomson Cooling effect can occur when pressurized CO_2 flows through a choke valve. Thus, to investigate the choking characteristics especially the temperature drop of high pressure CO_2, a new laboratory scale experimental setup(total length of 14.85 m and the inner diameter of 15 mm) was constructed. Steady choked flow and transient choked flow tests were carried out respectively for pressurized CO_2 in various initial phases. The phase transitions and temperature drop characteristics were then studied following the choked flow and the results show that the phase transitions in steady choked flow differs significantly from that in transient choked flow. For transient choked flow of various initial phases, all the flows downstream would transfer from single phase to gas–liquid two-phase flow. Furthermore, the effect of water on transient choked flow of supercritical CO_2 pipeline was investigated, and the phenomena of solid particles deposition was captured which was paramount importance of ensuring the safety operation of CO_2 pipelines when throttling by the choke valves.     

熔融织构YBCO块样品的磁特性研究

对MTG区熔生长法,慢冷法,粉末熔融生长法这3种方法制备的熔融织构YBCO块样品进行了交流磁化率和磁阻的测量。根据实验结果计算了样品的钉扎势,并且发现3种方法制备的样品在150 mT外磁场下均显示出基本消除弱连接的特性;粉末融熔生长法所制样品中有较纯净123相和较好织构,质量最好。     

Model of intense pulsed ion beam and simulation study of energy deposited on target

Gaussian type models have been established according to the real detected voltage of magnetically insulated ion diode and intense pulsed ion beam density near the focus of the diode. The energy deposition of Al target irradiated by intense pulsed ion beam has been simulated by Monte Carlo method based on these models. The results of energy depositions of the irradiation of single energy ions and the Gaussian distribution IPIB have been obtained. Especially cases of ion beam irradiating Al target at different angles on one dimension and two dimensions are discussed. The evolution processes of the energy deposition of ions in target have been simulated during a pulse. In addition, incident angles of H⁺ ions and C⁺ ions ranging from 20 to 40° have been researched. We obtained the conclusions that C⁺ ions of the beam affect the physical properties of near surface region, but H⁺ ions affect the deeper layer. The energy of intense pulsed ion beam mainly deposits on target surface, so melting and evaporation begin both from target surface.     

中铝瓷球的应用研究

本文以长石、粘土、矾土等天然矿物原料,采用可塑法成型工艺,研究了配方与烧结温度、瓷球密度、外观颜色的关系,研制成功了成本低、密度大、外观质量较好的中铝瓷球的较佳配方,并解决了瓷球生产中的关键工艺技术问题。     

妊娠相关血浆蛋白A的分离及纯化

采用人胎盘血为原料,利用Sephadex G-200,DEAE-Sephadex A-50层析,Sepharose 4B反相免疫亲和层析技术,获得妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)纯品,经8.0％聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、免疫电泳、双向免疫扩散证明,所提取的PAPP-A纯品为单一成分。免疫家兔获得抗血清,其效价在1:16以上。     

基于间歇测量的状态估计稳定性和精度研究*

针对分布式控制系统状态估计过程出现的测量值丢失问题,本文量化分析测量值丢失对估计稳定性和精度的影响。首先,根据随机测量模型重新推导带测量值丢失的卡尔曼滤波器,得到估计误差协方差迭代式。然后,将随机误差协方差迭代式建模为修正的黎卡提微分方程,提出了估计稳定性和精度分析方法。最后,列举不同的系统实例,证明临界包到达率的存在性,当测量值到达率大于临界值时,平均误差协方差从发散过渡到有界,进而得到估计精度与包达率之间的函数关系。     

氟磷灰石-氟金云母微晶玻璃的生物活性研究

通过模拟细胞外液浸泡及动物骨内种植的方法研究了氟磷灰石-氟金云母微晶玻璃的生物活性机理。借助于SEM/EDAX,薄膜XRD,IRRS及原子吸收光谱分析等技术,研究了该微晶玻璃在生理环境中表面羟墓碘灰石层的形成过程。根据微晶玻璃中主晶相种类、显微结构特点及溶液中各离子的浓度等讨沦了羟基碑灰石层的形成机理。认为微晶玻璃中残余玻璃相的Ca~(2+)溶出及溶液相对于羟基磷灰石的过饱和状态,对材料表面羟基碑灰石层的形成具有重要意义。形成的羟基磷灰石层具有较低的结晶度,它是由最初的无定形态含水富CaO,P_2O_5薄层晶化转变而成。