Speed of scanning in primary memory in persons with dementia of the Alzheimer type.

The nature of the search of primary memory by persons with a presumptive diagnosis of mild Alzheimer's disease (dementia of the Alzheimer type [DAT]) was compared with that of normal elderly and young persons using the S. Sternberg (1966) paradigm. DAT Ss evidenced a substantial deficit in the speed of scanning in primary memory and a deficit in at least one other stage of processing. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the decline in memory performance evidenced by persons with DAT may be attributable to an increase in the time requirements of mnemonic processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Manganese mobilization and enrichment during soil aquifer treatment (SAT) of effluents, the Dan Region Sewage Reclamation Project (Shafdan), Israel

The composition of groundwater reclaimed from tertiary soil aquifer treatment systems reflects the dynamic processes taking place in the subsurface, between the infiltration basin and the production wells. At the end of year 2000, following more than a decade of operation, high Mn concentrations (2 micromol L(-1) < or = Mn < or = 40 micromol L(-1)) appeared in the reclaimed effluents of the Dan Region Sewage Reclamation Project (Shafdan), Israel. A mass balance indicates that the high Mn excess originated from the aquifer rocks, most likely following reduction of sedimentary Mn-oxides under suboxic conditions. The subsequent adsorption of the Mn2+ results in a slow Mn2+ front that advances in the direction of groundwater flow only when all the Mn2+ exchangeable sites are saturated. A retardation factor obtained from two independent estimates based on a simple reduction-adsorption-advection model yields a value of about 10. This explains the delayed appearance of the high Mn concentrations at a distance of only -500 m from the infiltration basin.     

Spatio-temporal flood trends & settlement choice in flood-prone areas. A case study of Lubiji micro-catchment,Kampala City

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to establish the spatio-temporal distribution of flash floods and to learn why people prefer to settle in flood-prone areas of Lubiji micro-catchment in Kampala City. Rainfall data were analysed to ascertain Peak Runoff expected for the given flood event based on Soil Conservation Service Curve Numbers. The micro-catchment was delineated in the Arc GIS 10.0 programme, from the Digital Elevation Model. Feature classes were created to obtain the reach extents and river banks. HEC-RAS model was then used to create flood inundation maps in Arc GIS 10.0 between 1983 and 2014. High magnitude flash floods occurred almost after every three years and the spatial extent varied from 4.4 to 6.8 km². The choice of settlement location in flood-prone areas was influenced by socio-economic ties. The flood hazard maps produced will aid land-use planning, resettlement of the people and setting up a flood forecasting system.     

Scanning tunneling microscopy images of alkane derivatives on graphite: role of electronic effects

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of self-assembled monolayers of close-packed alkane chains on highly oriented pyrolitic graphite often display an alternating bright and dark spot pattern. Classical simulations suggest that a tilt of the alkane backbone is unstable and, therefore, unlikely to account for the contrast variation. First principles calculations based on density functional theory show that an electronic effect can explain the observed alternation. Furthermore, the asymmetric spot pattern associated with the minimum energy alignment is modulated depending on the registry of the alkane adsorbate relative to the graphite surface, explaining the characteristic moiré pattern that is often observed in STM images with close packed alkyl assemblies.     

Hierarchical Calcite Crystals with Occlusions of a Simple Polyelectrolyte Mimic Complex Biomineral Structures

Biominerals are complex inorganic‐organic structures that often show excellent mechanical properties. Here a bio‐inspired study of a remarkably simple synthetic system is presented in which only one charged polymer additive (poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate)) is able to induce hierarchical structuring of calcite similar to biominerals. The interaction of the negatively charged polymer with the nucleation and growth of the mineral, in particular via selective adsorption to internal and external (001) facets of the calcite lattice, implies structural features from the micrometer down to the nanometer level. The crystals exhibit a distinct rounded morphology and a controlled orientation. Moreover, the polymer molecules are occluded within the crystals with different concentrations in well‐defined regions. This leads to the induction of a mesoscale structure based on 100 nm sized mineral building blocks with granular substructure and rough surface, as well as small modifications of the crystallographic structure. Such a combination of hierarchically organized structural features has previously only been reported for biogenic calcite, which is typically grown in a complex process involving multiple organic additives. It is also shown that the organic occlusions in the calcite‐PSS hybrid crystals strongly affect the mechanical performance, as known for some biominerals.     

Economic Lot-Sizing with Remanufacturing Options

We study a production planning problem with remanufacturing. We provide the problem's general formulation and assess its computational complexity under various cost structures. We prove that the problem is NP-complete for general concave-cost structures. When costs are linear, we obtain an 0(T³) algorithm based on transforming the problem into the transportation problem in a special way. Finally, we suggest linearizing costs as an alternative for solving the problem in the real world.     

Distributed Protocols for Networks with Mobile Users — The Mobilizer Approach

This paper introduces a novel approach, called Mobilizer, of operating synchronous communication protocols in cellular mobile environment. First, we present a distributed protocol, called Mobile Propagation of Information (MPI), for broadcasting information in mobile environment. Then, we present the Mobile Propagation of Information with Feedback (MPIF) protocol, which can be used to implement the Mobilizer approach, i.e., enable broadcast-based synchronous protocols run over distributed networks with mobile users. We prove the correctness of the protocols and show that the additional message complexity overhead, induced due to the Mobilizer, is linear with the number of users' movements.     

Design and calibration of curved and see-through integral imaging 3D display

Virtual Reality - Heads-up displays that are ‘see-through’ and ‘curved’ and capable of displaying 3D contents are considered crucial for augmented reality-based navigation...