Image Restoration Phase-Filtering Lateral Superresolution Confocal Microscopy

Image restoration phase-filtering lateral superresolution confocal microscopy, a new approach, is proposed to achieve lateral superresolution using a confoeal microscope. This approach uses a lateral superresolution pupil filter to preliminarily improve its lateral resolution and uses a siagle-image superresolution restoration technique based on a maximum likelihood estimate to further improve its lateral resolution. The new approach has the advantages of a low cost and the remarkable superresolution effect without excessive system complexity. Experiments indicate that the proposed approach can improve the lateral resolution of a confocal microscope from 0.3μm to less than 0.1 μm when λ = 632.8 nm and NA=0.85.     

A new full discrete stabilized viscosity method for transient Navier-Stokes equations

A new full discrete stabilized viscosity method for the transient Navier-Stokes equations with the high Reynolds number （small viscosity coefficient） is proposed based on the pressure projection and the extrapolated trapezoidal rule. The transient Navier-Stokes equations are fully discretized by the continuous equal-order finite elements in space and the reduced Crank-Nicolson scheme in time. The new stabilized method is stable and has many attractive properties. First, the system is stable for the equal-order combination of discrete continuous velocity and pressure spaces because of adding a pres- sure projection term. Second, the artifical viscosity parameter is added to the viscosity coefficient as a stability factor, so the system is antidiffusive. Finally, the method requires only the solution to a linear system at every time step. Stability and convergence of the method is proved. The error estimation results show that the method has a second-order accuracy, and the constant in the estimation is independent of the viscosity coefficient. The numerical results are given, which demonstrate the advantages of the method presented.     

“干洗”铜丝

学生在学习氮族元素时,对 5价氮的氧化性有较深刻的认识,如浓硝酸和稀硝酸的强氧化性。而对-3价氮元素的还原性往往缺乏足够的认识,教材中只介绍了工业上氨的催化氧化反应,没有可演示的实验。这里介绍一个简单易行的实验,可以帮助学生对-3价氮元素的还原性有一个直观、深刻的认     

基于复合氯化剂CuCl_2·5/3NaCl·5/2Al_2O_3的1-氯-2-芳基乙炔的合成

直接使用CuCl2氯化芳基乙炔的反应通常存在着选择性差(有取代氯化和多种加成氯化的产物生成)、副产物多和分离困难等问题.描述了一种复合氯化剂(CuCl2·无机盐·载体)的制备以及基于该氯化剂取代氯化芳基乙炔的有效方法.首先通过一系列对比实验获得了CuCl2、载体和无机盐添加物的最佳配比.在此基础上考察了溶剂、复合氯化剂用量、反应温度诸因素对取代氯化反应的影响,提出了最佳反应条件:复合氯化剂为CuCl2·5/3Na Cl·5/2Al2O3,芳基乙炔与氯化剂的物质的量比为1∶3,溶剂为CH2Cl2,反应温度为35℃.在优化条件下,高产率(72%~99%)地合成了一系列1-氯-2-芳基乙炔目标产物1a~1n,并对这些化合物进行了表征.该方法反应条件温和、产率高、选择性好,并且适用于芳环上带有各种基团的底物.     

数学竞赛之窗

有关本栏的稿件,请直接寄给熊斌(200062,华东师范大学),或冯志刚(200231,上海市上海中学).提供试题及解答请尽量注明出处.本期给出由上海的至刚先生提供的1999年保加利亚数学奥林匹克(第四轮)试题及解答.收稿日期:2000-04-061999年保加利亚数学奥林匹克第四轮1　将一个长方体(边长为整数,且被分为若干个单位正方体)的表面染成绿色,已知没有染上绿色的单位正方体的个数为长方体中单位正方体个数的13,求这个长方体的三条棱长.2　设数列{ａｎ}为一个整数数列,满足:对任意自然数ｎ,均有(ｎ-1)ａｎ 1=(ｎ 1)ａｎ-2(ｎ-1).　若2000|ａ1999,求最小…     

Influence of Rapid Thermal Annealing on the Structure and Electrical Properties of Ce-Doped HfO2 Gate Dielectric

Ce-doped Hf02 （HfCeO） films are prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The influences of rapid thermal annealing on the structure and electrical properties of HfCeO films are investigated. The results show that the incorporation of Ce into Hf02 increases the crystallization temperature of Hf02, and the cubic phase of Hf02 can be stabilized by incorporating Ce into Hf02. After high temperature annealing, Hf 4f core level spectra shift to a higher energy, whereas O 1s core level spectra shift to a lower energy. With increasing annealing temperatures, the effective permittivity increases, whereas the flat-band voltage shift and effective oxide charge density decrease. Moreover, the leakage current density of the HfCeO films decreases initially, and then increases as the annealing temperature increases.     

微波辐射下2-硝基芴与芳香醛的Knoevenagel反应

以2-硝基芴和芳香醛为原料,在碱性条件下,微波辐射(500 W)反应5～8 min,非常方便地合成了系列未见文献报道的Knoevenagel反应产物,该方法操作简单、产率较高(78%～89%).其结构经IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析进行了表征.对化合物3a～3d进行了紫外吸收和荧光测定,结果显示这些化合物具有荧光特性.     

数学竞赛之窗

有关本栏目的稿件 ,请直接寄给熊斌 (2 0 0 0 6 2 ,上海市华东师大数学系 ) ,或冯志刚(2 0 0 2 31,上海市上海中学 ) .提供试题及解答 ,请尽量注明出处 .　　本期给出华东师大数学系范端喜先生提供的2 0 0 0年加拿大数学奥林匹克试题及解答 .2 0 0 0年加拿大数学奥林匹克竞赛试题及解答1　中午 12 :0 0 ,Ａｎｎｅ ,Ｂｅｔｈ和Ｃａｒｍｅｎ从同一地点沿着 30 0米长的环形跑道跑步 .每人匀速地在无限的时间内以两种可能的方向奔跑 .证明 :如果Ａｎｎｅ的速度不同于其他两人 ,那么在以后某一时刻 ,Ａｎｎｅ与其他两人至少保持 10 0米远的距离 (…