水质评价及预测的神经网络方法

本文基于模糊混合聚类法进行水质评价工作，重点讨论了采用人工神经网络方法进行水质评价及预测的可通用性及有效性，为进一步建立一个水质评价及预测的知识库指出了一个良好的途径。     

二氧化氯去除水中有机物

研究了二氧化氯对水体中腐殖酸，酚类和藻类等有机物的去除和杀灭作用，表明二氧化氯对水中有机物有较强的去和用，可用于饮用水，生活用于和养殖用水的消毒处理。     

依法保障公民诉权是社会主义法治和人权保障的基本内容

<正>一个化工企业,给当地村民2800多亩土地造成绝收、减产,受污染之害的村民多次举报、协商处理不成,不得已走上集体诉讼维权的道路,奈何昂昂溪区法院和齐齐哈尔市中级人民法院三年来都无理由不予立案!     

嵌入式碳纳米管电极差分脉.冲伏安法测定湖泊沉积物中铅

制备嵌入式多壁碳纳米管修饰石墨电极(ESCFE)，利用循环伏安法研究铅(Pb)的电化学行为及反应机理，结果表明，铅在修饰电极表面出现了一对明显的准可逆的氧化还原峰，发生了2质子的电化学氧化反应。用差分脉冲伏安法研究了铅离子浓度与其峰电流的线性关系，线性范围为1.8×10-7～1.0×10-5g/L，线性方程为：ipa(...     

不同脱硫剂和脱硫添加剂在文丘里洗涤器上脱硫性能的研究

根据单管文丘里洗涤器，设计搭建了多管文丘里洗涤器实验装置，进行冷态脱硫实验研究。分别考察了氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙的脱硫效果，得到了最佳操作工况。为提高脱硫效果，研究了不同有机添加剂和无机添加剂对脱硫效果的促进作用。结果表明，氢氧化钠的脱硫效果要强于氢氧化钙的脱硫效果，各种添加剂均可不同程度的提高脱硫效率。实验结果可为多管文丘里洗涤器的优化设计和放大应用提供参考。     

数值模拟法在水库坝址区地下水环境影响分析中的应用

水利水电工程的建设对所在区域的地下水流场有较大影响,保护受影响区域的地下水环境将十分重要。本文应用Visual MODFLOW软件模拟某水库坝址区周边的地下水流场,模拟结果表明由于大坝的修建,地表水水头抬升较高,而大坝作为一个隔水边界,其坝基处的地下水流场被隔断,该处的水头压力较高。而坝址上游的地表水位抬升,使得地下水流动方向发生逆转。大坝的修建对区域地下水环境造成了较为明显的影响。     

运城市PM2.5时空分布特征和潜在源区季节分析

基于2019年3月～2020年2月环境空气质量监测数据,分析了运城市PM_2.5污染的时空分布特征,并利用HYSPLIT后向轨迹模型和聚类分析等方法探讨不同季节运城市PM_2.5污染的输送路径和潜在源区.结果表明,运城市ρ(PM_2.5)冬季最高(111.24μg·m^-3),夏季最低(30.02μg·m^-3),PM_2.5/PM₁₀秋冬季均大于0.6,表明运城市秋冬两季颗粒物污染以细颗粒物为主;空间上ρ(PM_2.5)年均值呈现北部和中部高、东部和西部低的分布特征,高值区PM_2.5与SO₂、 NO₂和CO呈显著强相关,表明本地排放对高值区ρ(PM_2.5)影响较大,春季和冬季最高值分别位于河津市(58.50μg·m^-3)和稷山县(142.33μg·m^-3),夏季最高值位于南部的平陆县(36.92...     

Response of the grain yield and quality of hybrid rice to weak light stress北大核心CSCD

In this study, three rice varieties, Byou268 (low light-sensitive type), Nei5you768 (intermediate type), and Yixiangyou1108 (low light-tolerant), were used as experimental materials to investigate the yield and quality responses of different rice varieties to low light stress under normal light (CK) and low light (SH). The results showed the following: (1) Compared with normal light, the decrease in Yixiangyou1108’s 1 000-grain weight, grain number per spike, and seed setting rate under low light treatment were much lower than those of Nei5you768 and Byou268. The yield decline of Yixiangyou1108 (46.5%) was significantly lower than that of Nei5you768 (56.5%) and Byou268 (69.8%). Yixiangyou1108 showed strong tolerance to low light stress in terms of 1 000-grain weight, seed setting rate, grain number per panicle, and yield. (2) Compared with normal light, the reduction in grain length and width of Yixiangyou1108 under low-light treatment was significantly greater than that of Byou268; however, the reduction in the length-width ratio did not reach a significant level. The amylose content and gel consistency of the rice were significantly reduced. The reduction in amylose content of Yixiangyou1108 (24.5%) was significantly lower than that of Nei5you768 (28.1%) and Byou268 (30.6%); however, the decrease in gel consistency of Yixiangyou1108 (14.7%) was significantly higher than that of Nei5you768 (9.8%) and Byou268 (8.1%). After low light treatment, the characteristic values of the RVA curve of rice changed. The peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity of Yixiangyou1108, Nei5you768, and Byou268 were significantly decreased, but the cold glue viscosity and setback viscosity were significantly increased, while there was no significant difference in the peak time and peak temperature. The response of 1 000-grain weight, grain number per spike, and seed setting rate under low light stress can be used as a yield index of rice breeding with low light tolerance; rice grain type, amylose, and gel consistency; and peak viscosity and hot paset viscosity in RVA characteristic values can be used as quality indexes of low-light-tolerant rice material breeding. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

基于SD模型的交通密集水域安全脆弱性影响因素阈值测度方法研究

交通密集水域事故频发，为科学界定水域交通安全系统薄弱环节的安全底限，通过基于脆弱性理论的交通密集水域安全研究，提出一种基于系统动力学(SD)模型的交通密集水域安全脆弱性影响因素阈值测度方法。以交通密集的长江口南槽航道水域为例，首先根据该水域交通事故案例，基于海事预控理论识别该水域交通安全脆弱性的影响因素；然后分析各影响因素间相互作用关系，构建该水域交通安全脆弱性SD模型，并结合专家咨询确定该水域交通安全脆弱性警级；最后选取关键因素进行灵敏度分析，评估这些关键因素的脆弱性阈值。结果表明：阈值仿真结果与专家评价结果的误差绝对值在10%以内，总体符合专业经验认知，表明提出的阈值测度方法合理，可适用于其他交通密集水域，为海事监管部门的交通安全脆弱性动态监测与实时预警提供理论依据，对于保障辖区交通的安全高效运行具有重要的参考价值。