30%异丙甲草胺水乳剂的配方研究

通过对不同配方的异丙甲草胺水乳体系的粒径和稳定性的测定，对乳化剂、抗冻剂及悬浮助剂的筛选，确定了30％异丙甲草胺水乳剂的最佳配方，同时确定了适宜的加工工艺，即将水相加入油相的制备方法可使所得水乳剂有较好的稳定性。并通过对异丙甲草胺水乳剂稳定性影响因素的研究，发现不同含盐量（1000～5000mg／L）和不同硬度（0～500mg／L）的水对制剂的稳定性几乎无影响，有效成分含量增至40％时，制剂仍表现出较好的稳定性。     

3000m~3/h排烟循环流化床脱硫工艺中试实验研究

介绍了采用真实烟气的 30 0 0m3 /h排烟循环流化床烟气脱硫工艺 (CFB FGD)及其中间试验装置 ,通过实验研究了钙硫摩尔比 (Ca/S)、近绝热饱和温度差 (ΔT)、烟气湿度、喷水量、入口SO2 浓度、浆液雾化质量、脱硫灰循环等对脱硫效果的影响。实验表明 ,CFB FGD工艺在停留时间小于 6s、烟气流速v =4— 6m/s、Ca/S =1.2、ΔT =10— 12℃时可实现高达 90 %的脱硫效率。     

测井储层沉积相分析

油田进入开发中后期后,储层研究工作尤为重要。沉积相控制储层的空间展布和储层的物性特征,充分利用测井资料研究沉积相是储层研究的重要手段。本文提出了测井储层沉积相分析方法:在地质分层的基础上,分析测井曲线特征,提取储层参数,进行单井沉积相划分,最后根据沉积学理论和油田具体地质背景编制沉积相带平面图。利用此方法对辽河油田更黄66井区进行了测井储层沉积相分析工作,作为最终成果的沉积相带平面图能够指导油田部署开发井。     

基于观测器的受正弦扰动MIMO系统最优跟踪控制

研究具有外界正弦扰动作用下MIMO系统的最优跟踪控制问题.根据扰动特点,假设拉格朗日算子化简求解系统两点边值问题,通过求解Riccati方程和矩阵方程分别在有限时域和无限时域得到系统前馈反馈最优跟踪控制律.证明了最优跟踪控制律的存在唯一性条件,并给出了最优跟踪控制律的实现算法.构造降维参考输入观测器解决了控制律中前馈项物理不可实现问题.仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

掺粉煤灰的橡塑复合材料研究和开发

概述了粉煤灰再利用的必要性及掺有粉煤灰的橡塑复合材料的应用研究和开发概况，介绍了国内橡塑粉煤灰复合材料的研究及开发进展，综述了橡塑粉煤灰复合材料的应用。     

Formation of water-resistant hyaluronic acid nanofibers by blowing-assisted electro-spinning and non-toxic post treatments

A unique blowing-assisted electro-spinning process has been demonstrated recently to fabricate hyaluronic acid (HA) nanofibers. In this article, effects of various experimental parameters, such as air-blowing rate, HA concentration, feeding rate of HA solution, applied electric field, and type of collector on the performance of blowing-assisted electro-spinning of HA solution were investigated. With the assistance of air-blowing, the solution-feeding rate could be increased to 40 μl/min/spinneret and the applied electric field could be decreased to 2.5 kV/cm. The optimum conditions for consistent fabrication of HA (with a molecular weight of ∼3.5 million) nanofibers involved the use of an air-blowing rate of around 70 ft³/h and a concentration range between 2.5 and 2.7% (w/v) in aqueous solution. Two benign methods to fabricate water-resistant HA nanofibrous membranes without the use of reactive chemical agents were demonstrated: (a) the exposure of HA membranes in hydrochloric acid (HCl) vapor, followed by a freezing treatment at −20 °C for 20-40 days; and (b) the immersion of HA membranes in an acidic mixture of ethanol/HCl/H₂O at 4 °C for 1-2 days. Although both methods could produce hydrophilic, substantially water-resistant HA nanofibrous membranes (the treated membranes could keep their shape intact in neutral water at 25 °C for about 1 week), the immersion method (6) was shown to be more versatile and effective. IR spectroscopy was used to investigate this ‘cross-linking’ mechanism in the solid HA membrane. Viscosity studies of acidic HA solutions under varying freezing conditions were also carried out. It was found that when the freezing time exceeded 8 h, the HA solution became gel-like and exhibited a large increase in the hydrogen-bond concentration. Thus, the resistance to water solubility could be due to the high density of hydrogen bonds in the solid HA membranes that were treated by the ‘freezing’ approach.     

白云石中钙镁含量的测定研究

经典测定白云石中钙、镁含量的方法是先用EDTA标准溶液测定钙镁总量再测定钙含量，然后运用差减法计算出镁的含量。采用在指示剂中加入表面活性剂的方法，使其在滴定过程中生成三元络合物，提高了显色反应的灵敏度，增加有色化合物的稳定性。实验中确定了十二烷基硫酸钠作为加入指示剂的表面活性剂。在测定钙的过程中，苦味酸的加入消除了终点时微红色的干扰，终点易于观察和判断。与普通法相比，新方法终点变色敏锐，准确度、精密度均较高，结果令人满意。     

乳化技术在微量铅分析中的应用

以司班-80(Span-80)与吐温-20(Tween-20)为复合乳化剂,将轻质石油产品分散成均匀的油水乳化液。然后,直接喷入空气-乙炔火焰中进行测定。本方法简单、快速,乳化液稳定时间长,回收率97%~103%,相对标准偏差在4%以内。本法测定结果与经典的络合滴定法基本一致。     

半刚性钢-混凝土组合节点受弯承载力的计算

在半刚性钢 -混凝土组合框架中 ,混凝土板中的纵向钢筋增加了节点的强度和刚度 ,但是 ,传统的设计方法往往忽略纵向钢筋的作用而采用简化的计算模型。因此 ,出于经济效益考虑 ,应该根据半刚性组合节点的实际受力性能建立更加准确的计算方法。这里详细介绍了考虑混凝土板纵向钢筋作用的半刚性组合节点受弯承载力的计算方法 ,计算结果表明 ,建议的公式与试验结果吻合良好 ,可供规范制定和工程应用参考。     

Water-soluble and amphiphilic polymers

Summary Three PEO-PSt-PEO triblock polymers and their parent ho-nopolystyrene have been studied by means of light scattering technique in chloroform, toluene and ethyl acetate. It has been found that the weight average molecular weights calculated by using the equation Mapp- were unbelievable negative values; and the largest deviation appeared for the sample with PEO mole content of about 50%. Data of PSt-PEO-PSt triblock polymers in literature have been quoted and discussed.