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991.
992.
Geir Scott Brunborg Bjørn Helge Johnsen Ståle Pallesen Helge Molde Rune Aune Mentzoni Helga Myrseth 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2010,26(4):545-559
This study investigated the relationship between aversive conditioning, heart rate variability suppression, behavioral activation
system/behavioral inhibition system and risk-avoidance on the Iowa gambling task (IGT) in a nonclinical sample (29 male, 29
female, mean age = 20.7). A laboratory based Pavlovian aversive conditioning paradigm was used where a 1500 Hz tone (CS+)
was followed by a burst of loud white noise (US), and a 850 Hz (CS−) tone was never followed by the US. In a subsequent extinction
phase where the CS+ and CS− were presented without the US, conditioned skin conductance responses to the CS+ indicated aversive
conditioning. The results showed that the participants who did not show aversive conditioning (N = 26) exhibited significantly less risk-avoidance compared to participants who did show aversive conditioning (N = 32). Regression analysis showed that among the study variables, only aversive conditioning contributed significantly to
explaining variance in risk-avoidance. These results may have implications for understanding risk-taking in gambling in general,
and may be a starting point understanding the role of aversive conditioning in the development and maintenance of gambling
problems. 相似文献
993.
Cross-national comparisons generally show large differences in life satisfaction of individuals within and between European
countries. This paper addresses the question of whether and how job quality and working conditions contribute to the quality
of life of employed populations in nine strategically selected EU countries: Finland, Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Germany,
Portugal, Spain, Hungary, and Bulgaria. Using data from the European Quality of Life Survey 2003, we examine relationships
between working conditions and satisfaction with life, as well as whether spillover or segmentation mechanisms better explain
the link between work domain and overall life satisfaction. Results show that the level of life satisfaction varies significantly
across countries, with higher quality of life in more affluent societies. However, the impact of working conditions on life
satisfaction is stronger in Southern and Eastern European countries. Our study suggests that the issue of security, such as
security of employment and pay which provides economic security, is the key element that in a straightforward manner affects
people’s quality of life. Other working conditions, such as autonomy at work, good career prospects and an interesting job
seem to translate into high job satisfaction, which in turn increases life satisfaction indirectly. In general, bad-quality
jobs tend to be more ‘effective’ in worsening workers’ perception of their life conditions than good jobs are in improving
their quality of life. We discuss the differences in job-related determinants of life satisfaction between the countries and
consider theoretical and practical implications of these findings. 相似文献
994.
995.
Sigrid Rotering-Steinberg 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2009,40(2):125-127
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
996.
Justin Pulford Maria Bellringer Max Abbott Dave Clarke David Hodgins Jeremy Williams 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):33-48
This paper presents barriers to help-seeking data as reported by users of a national gambling helpline (help-seekers, HS,
N = 125) as well as data pertaining to perceived barriers to seeking help as reported by gamblers recruited from the general
population (non-help-seekers, NHS,
N = 104). All data were collected via a structured, multi-modal survey. When asked to identify actual or perceived barriers
to seeking help, responses indicative of pride (78% of HS participants, 84% of NHS participants), shame (73% of HS participants,
84% of NHS participants) or denial (87% of NHS participants) were most frequently reported. These three factors were also
most often identified as the real or perceived primary barrier to help-seeking (collectively accounting for 55% of HS, and
60% of NHS, responses to this question) and were the only barriers to be identified by more than 10% of either HS and NHS
participants without prompting. It was of note, however, that participants in both groups identified multiple barriers to
help-seeking (mean of 6.7 and 12.2, respectively) and that, when presented with a list of 21 possible barrier items, NHS participants
endorsed 19 of the listed items significantly more often than their HS counterparts. The implications of these findings, with
respect to promoting greater or earlier help-seeking activity amongst problem gamblers, are discussed.
相似文献
Justin PulfordEmail: |
997.
Norman P. Li Lily Patel Daniel Balliet William Tov Christie N. Scollon 《Social indicators research》2011,101(3):391-404
We examined factors related to attitudes toward marriage and the importance of having children in both the US and Singapore.
Path analysis indicated that life dissatisfaction leads to materialism, and both of these factors lead to favorable attitudes
toward marriage, which leads to greater desire for children. Further analysis indicated this model was effective in explaining
the difference in desire for children between Singaporeans and Americans, whereby Singaporeans have lower life satisfaction,
higher materialism, and lower attitudes toward marriage and children. Materialistic standards of success were also related
to the emphasis women placed on potential marriage partners’ earning capacity. As Singaporean women had higher materialistic
standards, they also placed higher emphasis on potential mates’ earning capacity. Results suggest a consideration of psychological
variables such as life satisfaction, materialism, and mate preferences may lead to a better understanding of larger-scale
socioeconomic issues, including low fertility rates among developed East Asian countries. 相似文献
998.
Frances La Barre 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2011,39(2):180-190
In this paper the author summarizes and illustrates with case examples her theory of the clinical significance of nonverbal
interaction and the usefulness of her integration of aspects of movement theory to facilitate its recognition and analysis.
In this discussion, she reviews the concepts of kinetic transference and countertransference, the kinetic temperament, embodied history, kinetic therapeutic action and the kinetic text. Case examples illustrate the clinical importance of recognizing various aspects of movement, namely, the qualities of tension change, preferred movement
dimensions, and body attitude, which come meaningfully into patient-analyst interaction. 相似文献
999.
Florentina Constantin Giovanna de Giusti Giuseppe Tattara 《Transition Studies Review》2010,16(4):829-847
The aim of this paper is to analyze the internationalization of Italian firms in Romania, operating in the sectors of footwear,
furniture and industrial refrigeration. After describing and quantifying the internationalization process between Veneto and
Romania, we discuss for each of the sectors, the changes that occurred in the organisation of the production processes within
the firms, and particularly how such processes have been fragmented. This article draws on numerous case studies, posits different
models of value chain governance, and discusses their implications for regional development and sustainability. 相似文献
1000.
Ruthlyn Sodano Edelgard Wulfert 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2010,26(1):53-65
Twenty-one treatment-seeking pathological gamblers, 21 pathological gamblers in recovery, and 21 recreational gamblers watched
two video-taped exciting gambling scenarios and an exciting roller-coaster control scenario while their arousal (heart rate
and subjective excitement) and urge to gamble were being measured. The gamblers did not differ significantly in cue-elicited
heart rate elevations or excitement. However, the active pathological gamblers reported significantly greater urges to gamble
across all cues compared to the abstinent pathological gamblers and, with marginal significance (p = 0.06), also compared to the social gamblers. Further exploration of these findings revealed that active pathological gamblers
experience urges to gamble in response to exciting situations, whether or not they are gambling related, whereas abstinent
and social gamblers only report urges to an exciting gambling-related cue. This suggests that for pathological gamblers excitement
itself, irrespective of its source, may become a conditioned stimulus capable of triggering gambling behavior. Implications
for treatment and future research are discussed. 相似文献