沉积岩中自生浊沸石的形成、分布及油气意义——以鄂尔多斯盆地中—上三叠统延长组为例

自生浊沸石矿物在以岩屑长石砂岩和长石砂岩为主的陆相湖盆储集层中广泛发育,我国几乎所有含油气盆地都有关于浊沸石砂岩储层的报道,自生浊沸石的特征、分布、成因及油气意义亟需系统总结归纳。笔者等在系统梳理前人成果的基础上,以鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠 统延长组为例,通过野外剖面、岩心薄片、扫描电镜、能谱分析等手段,结合浊沸石成因演化理论模型和鄂尔多斯盆地区域演化史,明确了延长组浊沸石的岩石学特征、成岩演化、成因机制和时空分布规律。发现自生浊沸石是一种容易在低温碱性成岩环境下形成的富钙的水铝硅酸盐胶体矿物,相对密度小、抗压易溶、对成岩环境敏感,在特定条件下可作为成储、成藏过程中的示踪矿物。其次生优质溶蚀相储集层时间上主要处于中成岩期A 阶段,空间上主要受控于物源、沉积相带和邻近的烃源岩及输导体沟通下的成岩流体作用。并基于上述认识,对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长10的下步勘探评价提供了理论依据和优选了有利目标。     

A new hybrid vertical coordinate ocean model and its application in the simulation of the Changjiang diluted water

Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of some vertical coordinates applied in the calculation of the Changjiang diluted water(CDW),a new hybrid vertical coordinate is designed,which uses σ coordinate for current and σ-z coordinate for salinity.To combine the current and salinity,the Eulerian-Lagrangian method is used for the salinity calculation,and the baroclinic pressure gradient(BPG) is calculated on the salinity sited layers.The new hybrid vertical coordinate is introduced to the widely used model of POM(Princeton Ocean Model) to make a new model of POM-σ-z.The BPG calculations of an ideal case show that POM-σ-z model brings smaller error than POM model does.The simulations of CDW also show that POM-σ-z model is better than POM model on simulating the salinity and its front.     

Microanalysis and preliminary pharmacokinetic studies of a sulfated polysaccharide from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laminaria japonica</Emphasis>

A rapid, sensitive and reproducible high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with post-column fluorescence derivatization has been developed to determine the amount of low-molecular-weight sulfated polysaccharide (GFS) in vivo. The metabolism of GFS has been shown to fit a two component model following its administration by intravenous injection, and its pharmacokinetic parameters were determined to be as follows: half-time of distribution phase (t _1/2α)=11.24±2.93 min, half-time of elimination phase (t _1/2β)=98.20±25.78 min, maximum concentration (C _max)=110.53 μg/mL and peak time (T _max)=5 min. The pharmacokinetic behavior of GFS was also investigated following intragastric administration. However, the concentration of GFS found in serum was too low for detection, and GFS could only be detected for up to 2 h after intragastric administration (200 mg/kg body weight). Thus, the bioavailability of GFS was low following intragastric administration because of the metabolism of GFS. In conclusion, HPLC with postcolumn derivatization could be used for quantitative microanalysis and pharmacokinetic studies to determine the presence of polysaccharides in the serum following intravenous injection.     

2014年冬季西太平洋浮游植物光合作用特征

利用浮游植物荧光仪Phyto-PAM测量了西太平洋浮游植物最大光化学量子产量、快速光曲线系数,结合相应的生态因子,对西太平洋浮游植物进行了原位光合作用特征研究。结果表明：西太平洋走航断面表层浮游植物最大光化学量子产量F_v/F_m值基本在0.2以下,而DY（大洋）断面F_v/F_m平均值仅为0.16,光能利用效率α的变化范围为0.007-0.117,平均值为0.039;相对最大电子传递速率rETRmax变化范围为6.8-113.4（μmol/（s·m²））,平均值为32.72（μmol/（s·m²））;饱和光强Ek的变化范围为60.3-1662.7（μmol/（s·m²））,平均值为846.83（μmol/（s·m²））。DY断面F_v/F_m最大值水层与DCM层（叶绿素最大层）相吻合,既保护了浮游植物光反应中心不受强烈光辐射影响,又支持了DCM层浮游植物相对较强的光合作用和对整个水体初级生产力的贡献率。DY断面浮游植物具有极低的光能利用效率却需要较高的光强来达到光饱和,导致这种生活环境下浮游植物处于一种低活衰老的状态,这是造成某些大洋海区低生产力现象出现的原因之一。     

Hybrid <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-order Lagrangian interpolation Eulerian-Lagrangian method for salinity calculation

The Eulerian-Lagrangian method (ELM) has been used by many ocean models as the solution of the advection equation, but the numerical error caused by interpolation imposes restriction on its accuracy. In the present study, hybrid N-order Lagrangian interpolation ELM (LiELM) is put forward in which the N-order Lagrangian interpolation is used at first, then the lower order Lagrangian interpolation is applied in the points where the interpolation results are abnormally higher or lower. The calculation results of a step-shaped salinity advection model are analyzed, which show that higher order (N=3-8) LiELM can reduce the mean numerical error of salinity calculation, but the numerical oscillation error is still significant. Even number order LiELM makes larger numerical oscillation error than its adjacent odd number order LiELM. Hybrid N-order LiELM can remove numerical oscillation, and it significantly reduces the mean numerical error when N is even and the current is in fixed direction, while it makes less effect on mean numerical error when N is odd or the current direction changes periodically. Hybrid odd number order LiELM makes less mean numerical error than its adjacent even number order LiELM when the current is in the fixed direction, while the mean numerical error decreases as N increases when the current direction changes periodically, so odd number of N may be better for application. Among various types of Hybrid N-order LiELM, the scheme reducing N-order directly to 1st-order may be the optimal for synthetic selection of accuracy and computational efficiency.     

海口湾可见光遥感测深方法研究

以海口湾为研究区,利用Landsat资料进行可见光遥感测深方法研究。采用NDWI、MNDWI、EWI、NWI指数的阈值分割法进行水陆分离,结果表明NDWI指数更适合海口湾。选取与水深相关性比较好的反射率因子TM2、TM3、TM1/TM2、TM1/TM3,采用目前常见的可见光遥感测深方法,建立了线性、对数、幂指数、指数测深模型,与实测水深的比较结果表明TM1/TM3的指数测深模型在0-10 m水深的平均绝对误差为1.67 m,在实际应用中有参考价值。此外,建立了TM2、TM3、TM1/TM2、TM1/TM3的二次多项式测深模型以及对数二次多项式测深模型,建立了它们的二元和四元线性、对数测深模型,还建立了它们的分段函数测深模型,与实测水深的比较结果表明,二次多项式测深模型优于线性测深模型,对数二次多项式测深模型优于对数测深模型,分段函数测深模型优于非分段函数测深模型。     

北部湾北部生态系统结构与功能研究Ⅰ.浮游动物种类组成及其时空变化

根据北部湾“908专项”于2006-2007年4个季节的调查数据,分析了北部湾北部浮游动物的种类组成及影响种数时空变化的环境因素。研究结果表明,北部湾北部浮游动物共计鉴定370种,隶属于8个门,19个类群。水螅水母类和桡足类是优势类群。种数变化呈如下从大至小的顺序为夏季、秋季、春季、冬季的单峰型季节性特征。种数平面分布与水深变化有关,种类数随水深的增加而增多。广温广盐类群和近岸低盐类群在该海域占据主导地位,与少数的河口类群及大洋类群形成北部湾北部特有的浮游动物群落组成结构。该海域在春季出现的暖温带种类由粤西沿岸经琼州海峡过道水带入本调查区。影响种数的环境因素呈季节性变化。地形特征、海流与水团的消长及浮游植物的生长与繁殖是影响浮游动物群落组成和水平分布推移的重要因素。     

台湾海峡及近岸区域精细化海浪数值预报系统

基于第三代海浪模式,采用四重嵌套网格,建立了WaveWatchⅢ和SWAN嵌套(方案一)和SWAN自嵌套(方案二)两套台湾海峡及其近岸区域海浪预报系统.通过对一次台风过程3天和7天的海浪预报实验,对两套预报系统作了检验.结果表明,方案一的3天和7天的预报误差分别为14.78％和19.53％,方案二的分别为10.38％和15.85％.两套系统的预报精度均能达到海浪精细化业务化预报要求.     

赤道西太平洋暖池次表层水温与热带气旋的关系

为探索赤道西太平洋暖池次表层水温异常与热带气旋的关系,用赤道西太平洋暖池和南海SOTA实测资料,对TC的影响做了统计分析。赤道西太平洋暖池SOTA与同步西太平洋TC个数不存在线性相关;赤道西太平洋暖池1月SOTA滞后5～7个月影响西太平洋的TC;赤道西太平洋暖池区1月的SOTA出现正(负)距平值时,当年西北太平洋和南海的TC生成时间比常年提早(推迟)是主要现象,极值年份尤其明显,当年夏季西北太平洋副热带高压偏弱(强),位置偏北(南),西太平洋暖池区上空对流加强(减弱),对台风生成有(不)利,台风生成平均位置偏西(东),TC的个数偏多(少)、偏强(弱),易于出现西行(东北转向)路径为主;南海中北部2月SOTA出现偏暖(冷)年,当年南海TC生成日期偏早(晚)、数量偏多(少)、偏强(弱)是主要现象。赤道西太平洋暖池SOTA对TC影响明显,时间滞后。     

1986年东海与南海的海-气界面热量交换

采用实测资料计算1986年7—12月东海和南海观测海域海-气界面热量交换。结果表明：7—9月上旬,大气向观测海域输送热量是主要现象,因为这时的气温比水温高,潜热通量与感热通量出现反相变化,天气晴好,海洋大量吸热;9月中旬—12月,观测海域向大气输送热量是主要现象,东海表现得比南海更为明显,主要贡献来自潜热通量和感热通量。受冷空气影响时,感热通量重要;在热带辐合带和热带气旋系统内海-气界面热量交换强烈,大气对海洋的响应为主。