INGULAR CROSS SPECTRUM APPLIED ON DIAGNOSTIC ANALTSIS OF AIR-SEA INTERACTION

The Singular Cross Spectrum Analysis(SCSA) method was employed to investigate the coupled-periods of air-sea/mid-low circulation interaction using 1951-1993 500-hpa geopotential heights and the sea surface temperature(SST)in the Northern Hemisphere. Results show that air-sea correlation is noticeable on the 3-7 year scale which is similar to ENSO circle. In this sense, ENSO is a Strong signal. Quasi-ten/quasi-four year periods are prominent in the mid-low interaction, and quasi-if our year oscillation is uniform with the ENSO circle.Studies indicate that the mid-low interaction possess quasi-ten year oscillation beside being affected by ENSO.     

旋挖钻机与双聚合泥浆在桩基施工中的应用

介绍了旋挖钻机和双聚合泥浆在工程中的应用，通过工程实例介绍了旋挖钻机的施工方法，着重介绍了双聚合泥浆的制备、特点和技术要求。     

热带次表层海温与南海夏季风的关系研究

分析了南海夏季风强度指数 ,与热带太平洋至印度洋 0～ 4 0 0m海水海温距平场的相关关系 ,发现南海夏季风在 12 0m层的信号最强 ,并且与ENSO循环有关。根据相关场反映的信息对季风强度与海温场分类 ,针对其中 4种情况对 12 0m层海温距平和 85 0hPaU分量进行合成分析 ,发现热带海温异常影响南海夏季风强度 ,季风强弱反过来改变海温分布。最后给出了对季风和ENSO预报有指示意义的海温及风场分布     

成都盆地平原区浅层土壤Cd、Pb、Zn分布特征及其成因初探

通过多目标地球化学调查在成都盆地平原区浅层土壤内发现呈面状分布的Cd、pb、Zn等元素高值区.为了研究它们的成因,应用多元统计方法分析了这些元素在不同景观区及不同环境介质中的分布特征及相关关系,利用参考元素对Cd、Pb、Zn的富集含量进行了定量估算.结果表明,平原区浅层土壤内Cd、Pb、Zn元素的分布明显不同于物源区及平原区深层土壤,在元素之间的典型相关关系及元素富集的分布特征上,均表现出明显的人为源特征.Cd、Pb、Zn元素的富集主要出现在平原区中部的城镇及农田区,与成都盆地浅层样地球化学图上的高值区一致.Cd、Pb、Zn元素的富集,是在自然背景的基础叠加了人为源含量,但尚未达到危害程度.     

Lamb-Jenkinson环流客观分型方法及其在中国的应用

介绍了Lamb-Jenkinson客观环流分型方法.利用1948年1月1日-2004年12月31日的NCEP逐日平均海平面气压资料,计算了中国16个区逐日的6个环流指数及相应的环流分类,分析了中国各区域不同季节各种环流类型出现的频率及其变化特征.结果表明,该方法在我国大部分地区适用,虽然在西部高海拔地区的海平面气压可能有订正误差,但该方法是可行的.对1958-2004年以来3个主要环流指数的线性趋势分析显示,华北及河套至内蒙古中西部地区夏季的经向风指数和纬向风指数下降明显,涡度指数也有明显的下降,表明控制上述地区的高值系统有增多趋势,而准地转西南风减弱,这可能是造成这些地区干旱化的重要环流背景.对冬季而言,我国东北、华北和新疆北部等地区的纬向风指数上升明显,表明我国北部地区冬季的近地层西风有加强的趋势,这与近年来这些地区冬季气温显著升高有密切关系.     

1998年夏季风爆发前后南海上混合层的特征及成因

利用1998年“南海季风实验（SCSMEX）”南北部两个点的资料,采用J.Launianen和T.Vihma提出的方法,计算了潜热通量、感热通量和风应力,分析了南海上混合层动力、热力特征及其与南海夏季风爆发之间的关系。发现在西南季风爆发前后,南海北部、南部的两个观测点的海洋上混合层温度和深度随时间的变化具有不同的特点：北部混合层温度经历由高到低再变高,混合层深度经历由浅变深再变浅的3个时段;南部混合层温度经历由低到高再变低,混合层深度经历由深变浅再变深的3个时段。这与南海南、北部海面的风和海面热通量具备不同的特征有关。在5～6月南海上混合层动力、热力特征基本受局地风与短波辐射控制,海面潜热和感热的作用较小。在5月份,南海南部观测点海面附近存在浅薄的高盐高密度层,在60m以上的上层海洋内存在着许多高盐高密度核。在1998年“南海季风实验”期间南海南、北部两个观测点都存在较浅薄的障碍层,在西南季风爆发期间,南海北部观测点的障碍层较厚达到20m以上。     

中国冬季气温变化的空间模态及其与大尺度环流异常的联系

分析了近55 a来中国冬季气温变化特征及其与大尺度环流异常的关系,结果显示：1) 中国冬季气温变化有两个主要空间模态,第一模态表现为20世纪80年代中期以后全国一致变暖;第二模态表现为80年代以后东北、西北地区冬季气温升高,而西南、华南地区气温降低。2) 西伯利亚高压变化与中国冬季气温变化的第一模态关系密切,当西伯利亚高压偏强时,我国大部分地区气温偏低,反之亦然。3) 北极涛动（AO）与冬季气温变化的第二模态关系密切,它与中国冬季气温相关最显著的区域主要在东北和西北地区,当AO为正位相时,上述区域气温往往偏高。     

COUPLING PATTERNS OF AIR-SEA INTERACTION AT MIDDLE & LOWER LATITUDES AND THEIR INTERDECADAL OSCILLATION

Diagnostic studies have been done of the seasonal and interdecadal variations of the coupling patterns for the air-sea interactions in the northern Pacific region, by using 500-hPa geopotential height field of the Northern Hemisphere and monthly mean SST field of northern Pacific Ocean (1951 ～ 1995) and with the aid of the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) technique. The results show that: (1) The distribution patterns of SVD, which link with the El Nifo (or La Nina) events, are important in the interaction between the atmosphere and ocean while the atmosphere, coupling with it, varies like the PNA teleconnection does. The coupling of airsea interactions is the highest in the winter (January), specifically linking the El Nino event with the PNA pattern in the geopotential height field. Of the four seasons, summer has the poorest coupling when the 500-hPa geopotential height field corresponding to the La Nina event displays patterns similar to the East Asian-Pacific one (PJ). The spring and autumn are both transitional and the coupling is less tight in the autumn than in the spring. (2) Significant changes have taken place around 1976 in the pattern of air-sea coupling, with the year's winter having intensified PNA pattern of 500-hPa winter geopotential height field, deepened Aleutian low that moves southeast and the summer following it having outstanding PJ pattern of 500-hPa geopotential height field.which is not so before 1976.     

Variation of the monsoon trough intensity in the South China Sea and western North Pacific ocean and its relationship to tropical cyclone activities

Using the daily average of the NCEP/DOE AMIP-II reanalysis data from 1979 to 2005 and the characteristics of monsoon troughs in the western North Pacific,we established an intensity index and a location index to describe the activity of the monsoon troughs in three different regions and their impacts on tropical cyclones generated therein(MTTCs).The behavior of the monsoon troughs was analyzed.The following conclusions are obtained:(1)The established monsoon trough intensity index has a positive correlation to the location index,indicating that stronger monsoon trough intensity corresponds to more northward location.(2)Monsoon trough intensity exhibits significant interannual variation,with obvious periods of 4–5 years prior to 1994 and 2–3 years afterwards.(3)The affecting factors on monsoon trough intensity are different with areas.The preceding SST anomaly results in anomalous atmospheric circulation, leading to the anomaly of monsoon trough intensity in different areas.(4)The frequency of cyclogenesis and location anomalies of the MTTC are closely related to the intensity and location of the monsoon trough. Most of the anomalously less MTTC years coincide with the years with a weak general monsoon trough and weak regional monsoon troughs.The anomalously more MTTC years are associated with both a strong general monsoon trough and a weak general monsoon trough combined with a strong one over the South China Sea,though with a larger probability for the latter.(5)The interseasonal variation of the intensity of monsoon troughs provides favorable conditions for TC generation and development.The monsoon trough is in the active periods of both quasi-biweekly 10 to 20 day and 30 to 60 day oscillations,which is favorable for MTTC occurrence.     

河北平原土壤有机碳储量及固碳机制研究

利用2005年多目标区域土壤地球化学调查及20世纪70年代末全省第二次土壤普查土壤有机碳数据,对河北平原土壤有机碳密度及碳储量的时空变化规律、固碳机制及固碳潜力等问题进行了研究。结果表明,全省第二次土壤普查时土壤有机碳储量124．86Mt,2005年为176．08Mt,26年中增加了41．02％,表现出“碳汇”效应。据...