Study on Clouds and Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer

A set of remote sensing instruments of Peking University, which includes mainly a dual-channel(22.235GHz and 35.5GHz) microwave radiometer, a 8mm microwave and a 5mm microwave radiometer, has been developed for the Western North-Pacific Cloud-Radiation Experiment (WENPEX). The instruments were used to observe the cloud and marine atmospheric boundary-layer in the southwest sea area of Japan in winter time from 1989 to 1991.In the weather change process, the characteristics of the marine atmospheric boundary-layer and liquid water content in cloud of this area in winter time are studied from observation data. A one-dimensional mixed layer model is presented for the growth and evolution of a cloud-topped marine boundary-layer. The model is used to study in the WENPEX. The simulation results are in agreement with observation data, especially the integral water in cloud.     

FY-3A气象卫星红外分光计温度廓线模拟反演试验

为了考察风云三号(FY-3)气象卫星红外分光计的性能, 以该仪器初样阶段的光谱通道特征和仪器响应函数为基础, 进行大气温度垂直廓线模拟反演。选用红外分光计15 μmCO₂吸收带的不同通道组合进行模拟反演, 结果表明:总体上红外分光计具有较好的大气温度反演能力, 窗区通道8的加入可有效提高近地面层温度反演精度;利用迭代算法反演大气温度时, 初估廓线对反演精度影响较大, 初估廓线与真值愈接近, 反演精度愈高;现有仪器通道灵敏度设计指标可满足大气温度反演基本要求, 如仪器灵敏度降低, 反演精度也随之降低, 提高仪器灵敏度, 有利于提高仪器的使用效果。     

大气波导特征分析及其对电磁波传播的影响

文中在介绍大气折射的基本类型及其存在条件的基础上 ,阐述了三种类型的大气波导的形成机制 ,总结并分析了大气波导的几个主要特征 ,并用西北太平洋云辐射实验的实测资料和西沙海域的气象资料进行了验证 ,同时试验了蒸发波导高度对大气湿度、气海温差、水平风速变化的敏感性 .在分析大气波导对电磁波传播的影响时 ,推导了可形成波导传播的电磁波最大陷获波长和临界发射仰角 ,提出了电磁波形成波导传播的 4个必要条件 ,并讨论了大气波导对超短波传播、雷达探测、短波通信等方面的影响 .