西天山温泉布拉格达瓦一带托斯库尔他乌组沉积特征及构造环境分析

西天山温泉地区广泛发育泥盆—石炭纪火山—沉积地层,布拉格达瓦一带出露的托斯库尔他乌组发育一套由滨海间夹陆相—滨浅海相—浅海相过渡的碎屑岩夹火山碎屑岩的沉积建造,沉积物源主要为中酸性火山岩,碎屑颗粒沉积速度较快,属于近源沉积,蚀源区构造环境具活动性质,形成于未切割的活动岛弧。火山岩呈夹层、透镜体状分布于托斯库尔他乌组地层中,火山作用具周期性间歇喷发的特征,岩相表现为爆发—喷溢—沉积—爆发—沉积—爆发的周期性特点。火山岩属钙碱性岩石系列,火山岩浆对应的俯冲深度为上地幔。火山岩微量元素Nb,Sr,P,Ti,Ba为亏损型,Th,Zr元素富集,与岛弧环境密切相关;Nb/Ta为11.96~15.19,略低于原始地幔值,Zr/Hf为30.17~38.20,与原始地幔值相近。稀土总量∑REE为(186.57~208.58)×10^-6,轻重稀土比值为5.38~6.13;(Ce/Yb)_N为3.90~4.48,(La/Yb)_N为4.67~6.70,δEu为0.28~0.49,属于轻稀土富集型,显示为负铕异常。根据沉积物源区分析及主、微量元素特征,结合区域构造背景,认为晚泥盆世托斯库尔他乌组沉积建造所反映的构造环境为消减带俯冲碰撞的岛弧环境。     

西湖凹陷天台斜坡带火山机构三维雕刻及成因机制解析

西湖凹陷天台斜坡区火成岩发育尤为丰富,其发育与分布对盆内储层改造、构造演化都有着重要影响。依据区内地震特征和构造环境,划分出中心式、裂隙式2种喷发类型;采用振幅－方差体地震属性分级－拾取－融合技术,系统刻画区内火成岩的三维时空展布以及火山喷发时期,发现区内火成岩具有始新世至中新世多期间歇性发育特征,且火山机构富集于天台斜坡西南部;在区内建立了中心式和裂隙式2种喷发模式,认为这些模式的建立对于正确预测火成岩的分布具有重要意义;最后对火成岩的成因机制进行了解析与探讨,发现区内火山活动与板块构造运动相互影响、火山的时空展布与断裂也具有一定的配置关系,认为裂隙式喷发可能会形成优势的油气运移通道,中心式喷发则有利于形成良好的储集空间。基于此,我们将更容易找到区内有效的火成岩储层,对油气勘探具有重要的指示作用。      

中国东北黑龙江杂岩体蓝闪石片岩岩石学研究(英文)

黑龙江杂岩主要由蓝闪石片岩构成,蓝闪石片岩主要包括绿帘石、绿泥石、钠长石、钠质角闪石、多硅白云母和石英以及为数不多的榍石、钛铁矿和黑硬绿泥石。其中,钠质角闪石包括蓝闪石和镁质钠闪石。变质条件的压力(P)温度(T)评价条件为400~425℃和0.69~0.86 MPa,对应岩相为绿帘蓝闪石片岩相。黑龙江杂岩蓝闪石片岩的地球化学研究表明,其原岩是可与洋岛型(OIB)玄武岩和一些洋中脊型(E-MORB)玄武岩相对比的大洋玄武岩,这说明黑龙江杂岩蓝闪石片岩的玄武岩原岩是在海底山或者在大洋隆起条件下由富集源形成的;具有洋岛型玄武岩地球化学特征的变质玄武岩以及富锰的变质燧石、大理石、变质硬砂岩和蛇绿岩鳞片的加入证明黑龙江杂岩是消减—增生杂岩,它含有变形洋壳的碎块和在被改造的前震旦纪佳木斯岩体西边缘上形成于侏罗纪的增生楔岩石;黑龙江杂岩在原岩成分上可与活动大陆边缘许多增生的杂岩相当。     

青海省花岗岩类岩石谱系单位的划分方案

依据同源岩浆演化理论和花岗岩类岩石等级体制的划分,将青海省侵入岩划分为13个构造岩石区;划分了108个超单位、117个(命名)单元(含7个独立单元)、255个岩性单元及数十个类型的年代加岩性侵入体。全省侵入岩成因初步分为幔源型、壳幔混合型、壳源深部型、壳源浅部型和浅壳源型;其分别形成于裂谷、深部裂冲、板块俯冲、板内挤压、板块碰撞及造山期后抬升环境。     

柴达木北缘奥陶纪火山作用与构造机制

柴达木北缘奥陶系海相火山岩（洋脊及洋岛火山岩组合）是柴北缘奥陶纪古洋盆存在的重要证据。奥陶纪末期，柴北缘洋盆逐渐闭合，洋壳自南向北下插到祁连陆块之下。大洋消失后，俯冲作用携带柴达木陆块继续下插，祁连陆块则自北向南道冲到柴达木陆块之上，柴北缘成为陆－陆碰撞型造山带。从而在柴达木北缘地区，自北而南形成了祁连超叠壳楔、柴北缘碰撞混杂岩带以及柴达木俯冲壳楔的三单元结构模式。     

Characteristics of Quaternary deposits near Songjianghe Town on west slope of Changbai Mountain

On the basis of field survey, microscope sighting, TL dating and scanning electron microscope analysis, the characteristics of Quaternary deposits near Songjianghe Town on the west slope of Changbai Mountain are analyzed and described. There were two phases of volcanism during Mid-Late Quaternary. One occurred before 15.22 × 104 aB.P. and the other happened between 14.27 × 104 aB.P. and 1.41 × 104 aB.P. Volcanism is a landform-making process which makes the rough relief in the studied area become higher and higher. Flow water is a main erosion agency and it cuts into the basalts making river valleys. The Quaternary fluvial deposits distributed on terraces first come from the weathered debris of basement rocks, then they are transported and deposited by flow water. After 1.41 × 104 aB.P, the river water quickly cuts into the newly formed basalts making a deep valley. Volcanism in the studied area is a main landform-making event in Mid-Late Quaternary.     

伊宁地块构造单元划分之新见

伊宁地块是西天山造山带的重要组成部分,其上广泛出露晚古生代火山岩浆岩和沉积建造,对剖析该地块的形成演化具有重要意义。伊宁地块以中部近EW向展布的乌孙山—塔勒得断裂为界可划分为南、北两大构造带,两者在基底建造、岩浆岩的组成与时代及其地球化学特征、盆地形成和构造演化等方面均呈现显著不同。其中,南构造带由晚泥盆世—早石炭世早期大哈拉—喀勒峻岛弧带和阿腾套弧后伸展盆地构成,推测海沟位于岛弧带之南(那拉提南缘断裂附近);北构造带由早石炭世中晚期阿吾拉勒叠加岛弧带、特克斯—新源弧前盆地和清水河—苏布台弧后盆地-扇三角洲构成。在重新梳理并详细总结伊宁地块的最新划分依据及方案基础上,首次提出伊宁地块形成与演化的南、北构造带两拼接和演化三阶段新认识:①晚泥盆世—早石炭世早期,南构造带初始弧-盆构造体系形成;②早石炭世中晚期,北构造带的沟-弧-盆构造体系形成并增生;③早—晚石炭世,初始的南构造带与增生的北构造带拼贴缝合,完成地块拼贴与增生,最终形成统一的伊宁地块。     

青海省杂多—囊谦地区构造演化与聚煤作用分析

结合近年来在青藏高原取得的区域地质调查成果,利用卫星图像遥感解译,对青海省杂多—囊谦地区进行了煤田地质遥感综合分析,建立了区域构造格架,分析了构造演化和成煤古地理环境,探讨了构造对聚煤作用和赋煤状态的控制与影响。结果表明:研究区煤层聚集和赋存与羌塘地体构造演化密切相关,构造演化经历了5个阶段,区域构造活动较强;煤聚集场所分布于拗陷边缘地带,局部形成富煤带;煤系除遭受复杂的错断、变形外,同时还遭受较强的剥蚀作用;华力西运动对本区煤系改造影响最为强烈;石炭纪聚煤中心地带位于解曲大型区域断裂带北岸,共圈定了早石炭世含煤远景区3处,晚石炭世含煤远景区6处。     

鄂尔多斯盆地及其周边的新构造运动

本区新构造运动十分活跃,表现出多次波动性,周边山系呈不均衡抬升,盆地则呈不均衡沉降,因此使盆地呈现不对称的簸箕状,盆地中的水系结构也呈现不对称性。区内构造变形主要有褶皱、断裂、新隆起、新坳陷、拱曲和掀斜等,并产生现代地震、地热和火山活动。不均衡掀斜是导致上述现象的根本原因。     

秦岭群裂谷岩浆建造地球化学型式及其成因探讨

秦岭群形成于早元古宙华北南缘裂谷化环境中。其下部有一套岩浆岩建造,包括基性和酸性的火山岩或侵入岩。地球化学资料表明,基性岩具有OIB型和CNB型两种地球化学型式,酸性岩具有壳幔混合型地球化学型式。这些变化起因于不同的源区和岩石成因过程,但本质上取决于岩石圈拉张程度和地幔流能量。     

Geochemistry,U-Pb,Hf isotopic characteristics and geological significance of Zhalaxiageyong trachydacite in Tuotuohe area,Qinghai

The Zhalaxiageyong lead-zinc-copper polymetallic deposit is a typical porphyry deposit of the Tuotuohe area. Whole-rock geochemical analyses,Zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotope analysis are undertaken for the ore host trachydacite with the aim of constraining its petrogenesis,magma source and regional tectonic setting.LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the trachydacite was formed in 32. 68 ± 0. 50 Ma( MSWD =1. 6),i. e.,Oligocene. The trachydacite is rich in potassium and poor in Mg#( 5. 10-9. 70),belonging to the peraluminous shoshonite series. The rocks are enriched in LILE( large ion lithophile elements) Rb,Ba,K and LREE,depleted in HFSE( high field strength elements) Nb,Ta,P,Ti,with high Sr and low Y and Yb,having the characteristics of the C type adakite. It is calculated that the initial εHf( t) of the zircons range from-0. 92 to 2. 07 and their two-stage Hf model ages T_(DM2) range from 978 Ma to 1 169 Ma. The magma source should be mainly the partially melt mafic rocks of the thickened Middle Neoproterozoic lower crust of the Northern Qiangtang massif with the addition of ancient aluminosilica material in the melting process. The rocks formed in the tectonic setting of delamination of lithosphere and extension of the thickened crust. During the period of 40-32 Ma,large-scale potassium rich alkaline magmatism occurred in this area. The porphyry metallogenesis is related to the magmatic activities in this period.     

柴达木盆地及其邻区早—中二叠世构造岩相古地理格局

通过大量野外观察、分析测试和综合研究,结合覆盖全区不同比例尺的区域地质调查资料,对柴达木盆地及其邻区早—中二叠世构造岩相古地理格局进行了研究,并探讨了其形成机制.结果表明:柴达木盆地及其邻区中、北部早—中二叠世为陆内盆山裂谷系统,主体处于伸展构造背景,总体表现为堑垒相间的构造古地理格局;南部为巴颜喀拉洋盆,早—中二叠世是巴颜喀拉洋盆扩张最为剧烈且规模最大的时期,巴颜喀拉洋盆中洋岛、海山遍布;早—中二叠世晚期强烈的华力西构造运动使古板块间的相对运动加剧,巴颜喀拉洋盆大洋岩石圈板块向北强烈俯冲,形成东昆仑陆缘岩浆弧及其南部增生带,东昆仑陆缘岩浆弧岩浆活动十分强烈,宗务隆山—西秦岭陆源裂谷盆地进一步发育,形成十分复杂的构造岩相古地理格局.早—中二叠世是研究区地球动力学机制从强烈扩张到强烈汇聚的转折时期,加强其构造岩相古地理研究对建立该区地层序列、探讨其地质演化历史以及指导找矿等均具有重要意义.     

The Cenozoic Volcanoes in Northeast China

There are more than 600 Cenozoic volcanic cones and craters with abeut 50 000 km2of lava flows in northeast China, which formed many volcanic clusters and shown the features of the continental rift - type volcanoes. Most volcanic activities in this area, especially in the east part of Songliao graben, were usually controlled by rifts and faults with the main direction of NE / NNE in parallel and become younger from the central graben towards its both sides, especially to the east continental margin. It is revealed that the volcanism occurred in northeast China was as strong as that occurred in Japan during the Miocene and the Quaternary. The Quaternary basalt that is usually distributed along river valley is called "valley basalt"while Neogene basalt usually distributed in the top of mounts is called "high position basalt". These volcanoes and volcanic rocks are usually composed of alkaline basalts with ultramafic inclusions, except Changbaishan volcano that is built by trachyte and pantellerite.     

The Cenozoic Volcanoes in Northeast China

There are more than 600 Cenozoic volcanic cones and craters with about 50 000 km2 of lava flows in northeast Chi-na, which formed many volcanic clusters and shown the features of the continental rift-type volcanoes. Most volcanic activi-ties in this area, especially in the east part of Songliao graben, were usually controlled by rifts and faults with the main direc-tion of NE / NNE in parallel and become younger from the central graben towards its both sides, especially to the east conti-nental margin. It is revealed that the volcanism occurred in northeast China was as strong as that occurred in Japan during the Miocene and the Quaternary. The Quaternary basalt that is usually distributed along river valley is called "valley basalt" while Neogene basalt usually distributed in the top of mounts is called "high position basalt". These volcanoes and volcanic rocks are usually composed of alkaline basalts with ultramafic inclusions, except Changbaishan volcano that is built by tra-chyte and pantellerite.     

Distribution and characteristics of volcanic reservoirs in China

About forty productive oil/gas fields hosted in volcanic reservoirs have been found since 1957 in fourteen basins of China. They can be simply subdivided into two groups, the east and the west. Reservoir volcanic rocks of the east group are predominantly composed of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous rhyolite and Tertiary basalt, preferred being considered as rift type volcanics developed in the circum-Pacific tectonic regime. Those of the west are Permo-Carboniferous intermediate/basic volcanic rocks, being island-arc type ones developed in paleo-Asian Ocean tectonic regime.     

四川盆地及周缘地区加里东运动幕次研究现状综述

四川盆地位于上扬子北缘,前人研究表明加里东运动对四川盆地岩相古地理格局和油气分布具有重要控制作用,但已有的研究成果之间存在较大分歧。通过系统梳理和对比前人在华南板块上形成的构造认识,首先将华南板块上发生的加里东运动分为3幕:郁南运动、都匀运动和广西运动,并对华南加里东运动的构造演化进行了详细的描述;通过对比分析,归纳了加里东运动在四川盆地周缘与内部的同步响应特征;最后根据川中地区地层的剥蚀情况以及沉积环境,进一步明确了川中古隆起的构造演化,认为川中古隆起发育于兴凯地裂运动,后受到加里东期3幕运动的改造变形,最终在二叠纪前定型为大型鼻状古隆起。在此期间,川中古隆起形成了多个不整合面,发育了多套有利储层,其研究成果可以为下一步的勘探部署提供参考。      

The Cenozoic Volcanoes in Northeast China

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浙西北江山─绍兴断裂带构造演化特征

江山—绍兴断裂带是中国南方最重要的构造带之一。它是江南陆块与华夏陆块神功运动形成的碰撞拼贴带。它表现出明显的多期变形、构造叠加的特征：神功运动形成近东西向平卧褶皱；印支运动沿断裂带有向北西强烈的推覆挤压。断裂带不同时期的活动反映了不同特征的构造环境，形成不同的构造变形特征，并对两侧的地质历史具有明显的控制作用。     

柴达木盆地北缘麻粒岩的发现及地质特征

在柴达木盆地北缘东段,首次从古元古代达肯大坂岩群中发现太古宙麻粒岩,并取得3450Ma Sm-Nd等时线同位素年龄。该麻粒岩以包体产出于元古代变质侵入体中,原岩为拉斑玄武质岩石,其形成于大洋岛弧构造环境,经高温高压麻粒岩相变质作用形成。     

Volcanism and Oil & Gas In Northeast China

Based on study on the relation with volcanic rock and oil & gas in Songliao Basin and Liaohe Basin in northeast China, author proposes that material from deep by volcanism enrichs the resources in basins, that heat by volcanism promotes organic matter transforming to oil and gas, that volcanic reservoir is fracture, vesicular, solution pore, intercrystal pore.Lava facies and pyroclastic facies are favourable reservoir. Mesozoic volcanic reservoir is majority of intermediate, acid rock,but Cenozoic volcanic reservoir is majority of basalt. Types of oil and gas pool relating to volcanic rock include volcanic fracture pool, volcanic unconformity pool, volcanic rock - screened pool, volcanic darpe structural pool.