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1.
交流电弧发射光谱的不同灵敏度谱线测定锡   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
根据交流电弧发射光谱法具有可同时测定多个元素和多条谱线的优势,探讨了利用Sn的灵敏线(317.502 nm)和次灵敏线(285.062 nm)同时测定Sn含量范围跨度较大的样品。对GBZ-Ⅱ型光谱相板测光仪的软件工作条件进行特殊设置,通过灵敏线317.502 nm测定样品中x~xxμg/g的Sn,次灵敏线285.062 nm测定样品中0.0x%~x%的Sn。本方法同时测定两条不同灵敏度的分析谱线,兼顾了交流电弧发射光谱法具有较高灵敏度的优点,拓展了样品的测试范围,避免了传统方法中对高含量样品需进行稀释后再次测定可能带来的污染以及人为引入的误差。  相似文献   

2.
碳酸岩样品中由于CaO的辐射背景深而影响了许多元素的测定。本法针对碳酸岩样品的组份,在缓冲剂中加入大量的SiO_2(石英粉)稀释样品,从而消除了CaO对测定Ag、Sn、B等的影响。 实验部分 一、CaO对谱线强度的影响 据资料介绍,样品中CaO的含量或CaO/SiO-2的比值和谱线强度的减弱有线性关系。在本体系中,CaO的影响如图所示。当样品与缓冲剂的混合物中CaO含量低于10%时,Ag、Sn和B的谱线强度无明显减弱,而当混合物中CaO含量超过10%时,Ag、Sn的谱线强度急剧减弱,且光谱背景逐  相似文献   

3.
宝玉石的X射线衍射鉴定方法初探   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
章跟宁  张秋菊 《湖南地质》1992,11(4):315-317
应用X射线衍射对结晶物质的特殊效应,可对宝玉石成品和原石进行无损鉴定,快速准确地辨别其真伪。对于玉石样品,容易得到一套与粉晶衍射类似的谱线数据,较易鉴定;对于宝石样品,难以得到一套完整的谱线,必须通过对样品置放、衍射范围和衍射平面等方面进行反复调整测定,找到“机遇谱线”后,方能得到比较满意的鉴定结论。  相似文献   

4.
用X-荧光光谱测定岩石中低量稀土元素的仪器参数和测定条件,文[1]已作过讨论。本文介绍样品分析所采用的基本校正,谱线重叠校正和背景处理方法,并将这些方法应用于其他少量和痕量元素的测定。基体的吸收校正岩石样品中最重的主元素是铁,镧系元素La~Er的La线和Ti,Sc,Cr,Mn,Fe,  相似文献   

5.
X射线荧光光谱法同时测定石灰石中主次痕量组分   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
采用熔融玻璃片和粉末压片法制样,选用标准样品,以经验α系数和散射线内标法校正元素谱线重叠干扰和基体效应,用ZSX PrimusⅡX射线荧光光谱仪对石灰石样品中CaO、Na2O、MgO、Al2O3、SiO2、K2O、TFe2O3、P2O5、TiO2、MnO和S等主次痕量组分进行测定,分析结果与标准值和化学值相符,12次测定的相对标准偏差小于10%。  相似文献   

6.
概述了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)在测定技术方面的进展,强调该仪器测定条件对测定元素曝光强度的影响以及对测定中各元素分析谱线的选择和干扰元素的影响;介绍了ICP-AES测定技术在地质样品分析中的应用。测定土壤、岩石、水洗沉积物、矿石样品、植物样品和水样样品中的元素时,应根据样品性质的不同和测定元素的不同而采用不同的消解体系(酸溶法、碱熔法和微波消解法)。在测定土壤、岩石和水洗沉积物样品时,比较了不同消解体系各自的特点,同时也对比了采用不同消解体系时各元素的方法检出限,结果显示,酸溶法的检出限要明显优于碱熔法;在测定矿石样品时,对比了各元素在不同消解体系中的测定精密度,结果显示测定精密度均较好;总结了测定常见植物样品中无机元素的典型前处理方法以及ICP-AES测定水样中的元素全量和元素不同价态含量的方法。最后,对ICP-AES测定技术在地质行业的应用作了展望,相信ICP-AES还将在地质样品的分析中继续发挥作用。  相似文献   

7.
X射线荧光光谱法测定铝矿石中主次痕量组分   总被引:11,自引:9,他引:11  
采用熔融玻璃片和粉末压片法制样,选用国家标准样品和人工合成标准样品,用经验α系数和散射线内标法校正元素间谱线重叠干扰和基体效应,使用Magix(PW 2403)X射线光谱仪对样品中的Al2O3、SiO2、Fe2O3、TiO2、K2O、Na2O、CaO、MgO、P2O5、MnO、S、Pb、Zn、Sr、Zr、V、Ga和Cr等组分进行测定,分析结果与标准值或化学法相符,12次测定的相对标准偏差小于10%.  相似文献   

8.
发射光谱深孔大电极法测定硼、锡、银   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
张庆华  万飞  杨婷 《吉林地质》2009,28(2):110-112
以Al2O3、NaF和K2S2O7作为缓冲剂,以Ge为内标,与样品研磨混匀,装入石墨深孔大电极中作为样品电极,石墨电极平头柱形空腔为上电极,样品电极为下电极进行摄谱,由光电译谱仪测定谱线的黑度值。用发射光谱法深孔大电极一次性摄谱,对农业地质样品中硼、锡、银的测定,经过反复实验取得了较好的效果。本法测定了国家一级标准物质,结果与标准值相符。本法灵敏度高,背景浅,能满足多目标地质样品分析的要求。  相似文献   

9.
张运国  许力 《岩矿测试》1989,8(1):46-49
本文选用具有代表性的地质标样验证了地质样品微量元素XRF法分析中,分析谱线的背景强度和所选择的内标线强度之比IB/IR可近似为一个常数。由此,提出了直接采用总峰值强度和内标线强度之比同时校正分析谱线的背景和样品的基体效应的方法。方法用于测定地球化学样品中Ti、V、Cr等17种元素,方法简单快速,准确度和精度均能满足化探样品分析的要求。  相似文献   

10.
样品采用HCl-HF-HNO3-HClO4四酸溶矿、H2SO4-HF-HNO3三酸溶矿、KOH碱熔3种分解方法进行处理,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定钒钛磁铁矿中的铁、钛、钒。结果表明,3种样品处理方法应用于ICP-AES测定是可行的。KOH碱熔适用于方法比对,三酸溶矿适用于样品内检分析,四酸溶矿适用于大批量样品测定。对铁、钛、钒三元素选择适合的分析谱线,以冶金行业钒钛磁铁矿标准样品制备的溶液绘制标准曲线,可消除试液基体和介质不一致对测定结果的影响。样品试液中主要共存离子对选择的分析线干扰小。采用四酸溶矿ICP-AES测定铁、钛、钒的方法检出限分别为0.0032%、0.0024%、0.0003%,方法精密度(RSD,n=12)为0.43%~5.06%。经实验室间比对和批量样品方法比对实验,测定值无明显系统偏差。建立的方法具有样品分解完全、测定含量范围宽、分析简便快速、结果准确等优点,适用于钒钛磁铁矿样品中铁、钛、钒的测定。  相似文献   

11.
改进了游离二氧化硅(fSiO2)测定中试样的分解方法,采用硫-磷混酸替代单独使用磷酸分解试样,防止了焦磷酸盐的形成,同时,氟硼酸对fSiO2的溶解率符合测定要求。改进的方法用于标准物质中fSiO2的测定,结果与标准值或磷酸溶矿重量法相符。对于ω(fSiO2)=3.26%的标样10次测定的RSD为2.4%。  相似文献   

12.
The soil conservation service curve number (SCS-CN) method is one of the most commonly used methods to compute the direct runoff from a rainfall event. Since the method was established, numerous researches were undertaken to improve the method through accurate estimation of its parameter and especially the curve number (CN). However, the essence of the SCS method, as an event-based Hortonian mechanism method, remained unchanged. The main assumption of the method related to the rainfall input is that the rainfall is continuous in time and uniform over the watershed. Mohammad and Adamowski (2015) paper apparently used the SCS method to estimate the annual runoff using the annual rainfall as one cumulative rainfall input value, which is a violation of the event-based principle of the method and of the assumption of the continuity of the rainfall event.To re-estimate the average annual runoff more realistically for the Asir region, Saudi Arabia, daily rainfall data from 14 rainfall stations are used for calculating the resulting runoff depths, on a daily event-by-event rainfall basis, throughout the whole simulation period. The resulting runoff depths are added for each year, and the total cumulative annual runoff values for each year are averaged to get the average annual runoff. The runoff values based on the previously mentioned procedure are an upper limit of the actual average annual runoff as the underlying SCS equations discard evaporation and similar long-term losses. Nevertheless, the average runoff values obtained in the discussion paper are an order of magnitude (at least five to tenfold) lower than the ones of the original paper. An equation is proposed to obtain a more realistic estimate of the average annual runoff, to be used with the average annual rainfall as an input, if the annual value is the only available rainfall information.  相似文献   

13.
曹成东  魏轶  刘江斌 《岩矿测试》2010,29(4):458-460
采用垂直电极装样,二米平面光栅交流电弧摄谱测定地质样品中的微量元素银、铍、硼、锡、铋、钼,以三氧化二铝、焦硫酸钾、氟化钠、碳粉和硫粉作缓冲剂,锑、锗作内标。方法检出限为:银0.019μg/g、铍0.11μg/g、硼0.85μg/g、锡0.26μg/g、铋0.031μg/g、钼0.12μg/g。各元素12次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%。用水系沉积物、土壤、岩石国家一级标准物质进行验证,测定值与标准值基本一致,符合多目标地球化学填图的质量要求。  相似文献   

14.
采用粉末压片制样,波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定西藏某斑岩型钼铜矿中7个主次量元素Mo、Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Ni、S。选择钼矿石、铜矿石国家标准物质及自配标准物质建立工作曲线,使用康普顿散射线作内标,同时采用经验系数法校正基体效应及粒度效应。方法经国家标准物质、自配标准参考物质验证,测定值与标准值吻合,方法分析精密度(RSD,n=12)小于2.18%,与化学法相比,样品不需进行化学前处理,操作简单、快速、准确度高、精密度好,能满足钼铜矿的实际分析需要。利用国家标准物质配制合成了7个校准标准样品,有效地解决了方法建立过程中标准样品种类和数量不足的问题。  相似文献   

15.
王小强 《岩矿测试》2012,31(3):442-445
样品用HCl-HNO3-HClO4-HF分解,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定长石矿物中的K、Na、Ca、Mg、Al、Ti、Fe。对元素的分析谱线、溶解用酸的量等工作条件进行了优化,选择了各元素的最佳分析谱线及背景校正模式,探讨HF的用量,试验加内标和不加内标两种测定方法对测定结果的影响。结果表明,对于样品中含量较高的Al,选用次灵敏线396.152 nm,用内标法补偿非光谱干扰,以长石中含量极低的Au作为内标元素(测定谱线为242.795 nm)可以获得满意的结果,方法检出限为0.45~3.56μg/g。经国家一级标准物质GBW03134、GBW 3116验证,测定值的相对误差(RE)为-1.32%~10.0%,ICP-AES法与其他测定方法的测定结果无显著性差异,方法精密度(RSD,n=10)为0.55%~7.2%,能够满足长石矿物中相关组分的准确测定。  相似文献   

16.
Temperature preference tests were conducted on fresh water white perch (Morone americana), collected from the Wicomico River, Maryland. Collection temperature was 27 C and acclimation temperatures used in temperature preference tests were 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 33 C. The following methods were used to determine the final temperature preference: linear regression, quadratic equation, and “eyeball” plots. Recorded final temperature preference values were 28.9, 29.3 and 30.6 C using each method respectively.  相似文献   

17.
Prompt gamma neutron activation analysis was applied to the determination of the titanium, potassium, samarium and gadolinium contents of nine Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ) reference materials (JB-1, 1a, 2, 3; JA-1, 2, 3; JR-1, 2). Firstly, the values in JB-1 were determined by the standard addition method: pressed powder disks of JB-1 were used for neutron irradiation and gamma-ray measurements, after known quantities of standard reagents had been added. Secondly, the contents of eight other reference materials were determined by comparison methods using JB-1 as the comparative standard. The precision of analyses were obtained by replicate determinations on these samples. The relative standard deviation was generally less than 5%. For most samples, analysed values agreed well (< 5%) with the recommended values.  相似文献   

18.
Landslide is one of the natural disasters which causes a lot of annual damage directly or indirectly in the world. Many planned areas, especially in hilly regions, are prone to different types of landslides; therefore, landslide susceptibility maps become an urgent issue, so that landslide damages and impact can be minimized. The best method for studying landslides, which has long been of interest to researchers, is hazard zonation. In this method, due to the affecting factors in landslide occurrence, study areas are classified into areas with low to very high risk. Different methods have been developed for this purpose. In this paper, the four bivariate statistical methods namely information value, density area, LNRF, and frequency ratio are used to investigate the hazard zonation of landslide in Miandarband located north of the Kermanshah Province. The density ratio (D r) and Qs values for information value, density area, frequency ratio, and LNRF methods used in this study were calculated to be 2.245312, 0.98146; 2.857816, 1.071185; 2.858085, 0.783945; and 2.418375, 1.070928, respectively. The results indicate that although there are minor differences, the frequency ratio method compared to the density area method that was used for the study of landslide zonation presents better results.  相似文献   

19.
The values of grains containing oil inclusions (GOI) in 120 reservoir sandstone samples from the central Junggar Basin of Northwest China were investigated. The sandstones are characterized by different types of hydrocarbon production and shows. The values range from 0.015% to 19.9%, and show a fairly good correlation with the hydrocarbon production/shows, which are qualitatively suggestive of reservoir hydrocarbon abundance and petroleum migration. Thus, it may be implied that the values can reflect hydrocarbon migration, being not controlled mainly by the other influencing factors. Further correlation between the values and the reservoir hydrocarbon production and show types indicates that the GOI method can be used in hydrocarbon migration study when the petroleum type of a reservoir is normal oil or gas alone, but it should be used with caution when light oil charges the reservoirs or a complex hydrocarbon migration event takes place. The case study in the central Junggar Basin using the method presents some new understanding on hydrocarbon migration. Thus, the method may help to solve specific petroleum geological problems, and can be treated as a routine tool in hydrocarbon migration study.  相似文献   

20.
以中国北方某湖泊(以下称A湖)为例,开展了底泥中氮磷污染及重金属生态风险评价研究,探讨多种评价方法的相关性,并分析底泥中氮磷元素向上覆水迁移造成水体富营养化的风险。选取A湖中心区域的10个底泥监测点位数据,对其总氮、总磷及重金属(Pb、Cr、As、Cd、Ni)含量进行分析,并采用有机污染指数法评价总氮污染,单因子指数法评价总磷污染,SEM/AVS比值法、地累积指数法与潜在生态风险指数法综合评价重金属潜在生态风险。结果表明:10个底泥监测点位的有机氮指数介于0.0037~0.1116之间,平均值为0.0674,总氮污染程度为中度污染;磷污染指数介于0.86~1.64之间,平均值为1.24,总磷污染程度为中度污染;底泥中氮磷元素较为丰富,造成水体富营养化的风险较大;SEM/AVS值均<1,地累积指数值均<0,潜在生态风险指数值均<150,SEM/AVS比值法与地累积指数法显示无重金属污染,潜在生态风险指数法显示重金属潜在生态风险程度为最低级。  相似文献   

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