用阜新煤矸石制备阿利特一硫铝酸盐水泥的试验研究

我国大量堆存和正在排放的煤矸石，既是一种矿业排量最大的废弃物，又可以被认为是一种可利用的巨型资源。阜新煤矸石主要由石英、长石、伊利石等矿物组成，化学成分含60％～67％SiO2，13％～18％Al2O3，具有高硅低铝特征，属于目前难以利用煤矸石。本文实验采用了C3S—C4A3S—C2S—C4AF体系，利用煤矸石的Al2O3煅烧成无水硫铝酸钙而不是铝酸三钙。添加BaSO4、CaF2和铬渣，使硅酸三钙和无水硫铝酸钙能在1300-1360℃共生，制备出了阿利特-硫铝酸盐水泥。水泥熟料在1360℃，保温1小时烧成。研制的煤矸石水泥3天和28天抗压强度分别达到了34．7～36．8MPa和52．2～54．4MPa，达到了525#早强型高性能水泥指标。     

氧化物及复合添加剂对硫酸钙高温稳定性的影响

在硫酸钙高温分解行为的研究基础上,探讨了氧化物SiO_2、Fe_2O_3、ZnO和SiO_2_Fe_2O_3、CaCO_3-Al_2O_3复合添加剂对硫酸钙分解的影响。结果表明ZnO、SiO_2、SiO_2-Fe_2O_3均有利于固硫,这分别与反应过程中形成能起包覆作用的Ca_2SiO_4和耐热含硫物相Ca2Fe2S2O3有关;复合添加剂CaCO3_Al2O3固硫效果更佳,当CaCO3∶Al2O3∶CaSO4摩尔比为3∶3∶1时,固硫作用最理想,1400℃时CaSO4的分解率从87.5%降低到21.2%,这与形成大量高温耐热物相硫铝酸钙有关。     

我国首次发现约硫砷铅矿的矿物学

约硫砷铅矿是一种较为罕见却很有研究价值的硫盐矿物,本次研究的约硫砷铅矿产于我国广西壮族自治区武宣县盘龙铅锌矿区,约硫砷铅矿主要与黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿和重晶石相伴生。矿区中的约硫砷铅矿不易见到独立晶形,主要呈不规则粒状分布于黄铁矿中,颗粒大小不一,一般粒径为0.02~0.18 mm。约硫砷铅矿在显微镜下的主要光性特征为:反射率为R1=15.29%,R2=16.92%,反射色为纯白色略带一点蓝色色调,双反射明显,微弱的反色多色性,强非均质性。矿物化学分子式为Pb14As6S23,通过X射线衍射计算出约硫砷铅矿的晶胞参数a=8.91(2)A,b=31.96(6)A,c=8.47(2)A,b=117.77(14)A,Vol=2135.49A3,Density(c)=6.36,空间群为P21/m,Z=2。本文还介绍了一种测量矿物反射率的简易方法以及对约硫砷铅矿的成因进行了初步探讨。     

激发剂对钢渣基脱硫石膏体系性能的影响

钢渣是炼钢过程中产生的废渣,其产量约为粗钢产量的12%～20%(张海霞等,2011),截止2011年我国钢渣排放量约1.1亿t。钢渣尾渣的化学组成与水泥熟料相似,含有硅酸二钙(C2S)和硅酸三钙(C3S)等水硬性矿物,是一种具有潜在活性的胶凝材料(舒型武,2007),但钢渣的生成     

湖南柏坊铜矿床稳定同位素地球化学初步研究

对湖南柏坊铜矿床矿石和脉石矿物进行矿物包裹体、碳、氧、氢和硫同位素测定,获得成矿均一温度约为182℃～192℃,盐度为1．2～4．7wt％。方解石的δ^13C为-2．0‰～3．1‰,δ^18Osmow为12．6‰～20．9‰,δD为-67．3‰～-131．6‰,氢、氧和碳同位素数值随矿体浅部到深部由小到大的变化,显示出热液可能是多来源的。硫化物中辉铜矿的δ^34S为-31．8‰～2．9‰,黄铁矿的δ^34S为-2．1‰～＋2．9‰。黄铁矿的硫同位素组成大于辉铜矿的硫同位素组成,表明硫同位素达到平衡,并估算出δ^34S∑s为0‰,δ^34S∑s值小,指示出硫可能是岩浆来源。     

系列富硅铝矿石水热晶化法合成纳米莫来石复相粉体的研究

分别以粉煤灰、煤矸石、红柱石千枚岩、油页岩渣等富硅铝矿石为原料,经过除杂、煅烧活化后,利用水热晶化法制备出纳米莫来石复相粉体。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能量色散X射线荧光光谱分析(EDX)和选区电子衍射(SAED)等手段研究了复相粉体的物相组成与显微结构,并用魔角旋转核磁(MAS~NMR)分析水热晶化反应机理。结果表明:经过一定温度煅烧活化后,当NaOH溶液浓度为2~3 mol/L、搅拌温度80~90℃、恒温3 h、液固比为10 mL/g时,上述四种原料均可制得以莫来石为主晶相的纳米复相粉体,其中以煤矸石、红柱石千枚岩、油页岩渣为原料制备的晶体均为结晶良好的柱状晶,平均长度分别为50、300和150 nm,平均长径比分别为4、3.5和3.75;以粉煤灰为原料制备的晶体主要呈现棒状、针状和纤维状,其棒状晶长度约30~80 nm、直径约4.5~30 nm。     

河南银洞坡金矿成矿流体与矿床成因研究

银洞坡金矿位于桐柏县围山城金银矿带的中部,为一超大型金矿床,伴生银、铅锌。对金矿石中主要成矿阶段流体包裹体进行了详细的岩相学、显微测温及激光拉曼光谱成分研究,结果表明：金矿石中发育气液两相包裹体、富气相包裹体和含CO2三相包裹体,流体成分为H2O NaCl CO2体系,含少量N2、CH4、H2S和H2。流体不混溶是导致矿质沉淀的主要因素。3类包裹体的均一温度为1692～3992 ℃,流体盐度为18%～122%,其中含CO2三相包裹体的盐度明显小于气液两相包裹体的盐度。利用不混溶体系估算得到包裹体的捕获压力为62～1263 MPa,成矿深度为52 km左右。矿石中黄铁矿的δ34S为16‰~33‰,围岩中纹层状黄铁矿的δ34S为33‰～62‰,矿石中的δ34S小于围岩中δ34S值,表明成矿物质中的硫可能来源于地幔硫和围岩硫的混合。     

新疆北山坡一基性-超基性岩体铬铁矿矿物学特征及其指示意义

坡一含铜镍基性-超基性岩体是新疆北山西段早二叠世幔源岩浆活动产物之一。本文主要对该岩体中铬铁矿及内部固体包裹物进行了电子探针分析。坡一岩体铬铁矿主要成分呈线性变化并具低Zn、Ti和Fe3+的特征。铬铁矿内部固体包裹物由橄榄石、辉石等无水单矿物相包裹物,角闪石、金云母等含水多矿物相包裹物以及硫化物三类组成,硅酸盐包裹物化学成分上表现出富镁高铬的特点,其中云母具有富碱高镁的特征。估算得到铬铁矿结晶温度在1340~1411℃之间,结晶压力在2.56~3.33 GPa之间,坡一岩体原始岩浆Al2O3含量约为14.13%,Ti O2含量约为1.57%。结合已有研究成果,认为坡一岩体原始岩浆早期属于低钛苦橄质岩浆,可能是软流圈地幔环境下经历了15.5%~18.9%程度的部分熔融产物。原始岩浆早期存在含水富挥发份流(熔)体相且达到了硫饱和,铬铁矿结晶可能是导致硫饱和的重要原因。     

铝酸钡-钙矿相体系的实验研究

以碳酸钡、碳酸钙和氧化铝为原料,设计配方在不同温度下煅烧,制备了铝酸钡-钙复相水泥.运用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段,对铝酸钡与铝酸钙在不同温度下的固溶过程及相转变进行了分析.结果表明:在升温过程中,首先形成大量的铝酸钡,随着温度升高,铝酸钙含量增多.同时,还出现了少量七铝酸十二钙、铝酸二钙和铝酸三钙.铝酸钡呈柱状,铝酸钡-钙固溶相主要由板状六角形或钝圆状小晶体堆积而成.     

内蒙古维拉斯托Zn-Cu-Ag矿床硫同位素及成矿物理化学条件研究

维拉斯托Zn-Cu-Ag矿床是大兴安岭南段典型的热液脉型矿床,赋存在海西期的石英闪长岩和古元古代片麻岩中,矿区东部主要发育的Zn-Cu-Ag矿化,多赋存于近EW向的压扭性断裂构造带中;矿区西部多发育Sn矿化,主要赋存于石英斑岩体顶部及其上部的石英脉中。维拉斯托矿床存在4个成矿阶段:Ⅰ阶段:黄铁矿-毒砂-石英阶段;Ⅱ阶段:黄铁矿-磁黄铁矿-黄铜矿-闪锌矿-石英阶段;Ⅲ阶段:黄铁矿-黄铜矿-方铅矿-石英-方解石阶段;Ⅳ阶段:贫硫化物-方解石阶段。其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段为主成矿阶段。在本次工作中,根据主成矿阶段的矿物硫同位素组成及成矿温度,利用公式δ~(34)S(i)-δ~(34)S(H_2S)=A~*10~6/T~2+B~*10~3/T+C,计算了主成矿阶段成矿热液的δ~(34)S(H_2S)值。Ⅱ阶段δ~(34)S(H_2S)为1.7×10~(-3)～-1.9×10~(-3),Ⅲ阶段δ~(34)S(H_2S)为1.4×10~(-3)～-4.7×10~(-3)。此外,根据硫同位素非质量分馏和矿物平衡关系热力学原理,构建300℃,500 bars下,硫同位素及矿物平衡关系的热力学模型,估算了主成矿阶段的物理化学条件。维拉斯托矿床Ⅱ阶段的成矿物理化学条件约为-35.8log f_(O2)-40.8、5.2pH7.7、log f_(S2)≈-12,Ⅲ阶段的成矿物理化学条件约为-34.8log f_(O2)-37.5、5.8p H7.7、log f_(S2)≈-10,维拉斯托矿床在主成矿阶段表现出向高氧逸度和高硫逸度转变的趋势,同时,δ~(34)S(ΣS)被估算为-2×10~(-3),验证了维拉斯托矿床硫来源为岩浆。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

General contents of JOURNAL OF PALAEOGEOGRAPHY,2014

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Clay Mineralogical and Geochemical Studies of Detrital Rocks of the Upper Cretaceous Salt-bearing Strata,Simao Basin,SW China:Implication for Provenance and Source Weathering

正1 Introduction Geological studies established on several sections in Lanping-Simao basin have shown that the salt-bearing strata of Mengyejing formation(Yunlong Fm.in Lanping basin)are constituted by an alternation of salt layers and interbedded facies.The latter consists mainly of mudstones,and mudstone-rich conglomerate.The mineralogy and geochemistry of salt-bearing beds and     

Status of China’s Mineral Resources in 2013

正On 22nd April 2014,with the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and resources issued the status of China’s mineral resources in 2013.The first task of the prospecting breakthrough strategy action implemented in the last five years has been completed,and China’s security capacity for mineral resources has been significantly improved.In the     

Thermodynamics of the Calcium-Containing Brine Systems

正There are more than 700 salt lakes with area of more than 1km2 on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China.In recent years,an oilfield brine was also found in the Nanyishan Section of Qaidam Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet     

Mechanism of Salt Migration Driven by Tectonic Processes:Insights from Physical and Numerical Modeling

正1 Introduction Physical and numerical models are constructed to investigate the evolution and mechanism of salt migration driven by tectonic processes.In recent years,we have designed and ran series of models to simulate salt     

Palynological Assemblage Age and Palaeoenvironment of the Cretaceous Salt-bearing Strata in Laos and Yunnan,China

正The study of Cretaceous-Palaeogene salt-bearing strata of the Khorat Basin Laos and the Lanping-Simao Basin in Yunnan,China has an great significance not only in explaining the basin evolution and the genesis of potash     

Geological Characteristics of Potassium-Bearing Salt Layers in the Well Block Quele of the Kuqa Depression and their Significance

正Potash is one of the long-term scare deposits in China,and potash prospecting has long been listed as a key brainstorm project for our nation and geological prospecting units.There have been considerable studies in search for potash deposits in the Kuqa depression of the Tarim basin(Jackson et al.,1991;Gemmer et al.,2004;Vendeville,2005;Vendeville and Jackson,1992a,1992b),     

Integration of Resources and Technological Advantages,Creation sustainable Qinghai Potash Fertilizer Industry Base

正1 Introduction Qaidam Basin in Qinghai,including 43 salt lakes with multiple dominant mineral such as potassium,magnesium,lithium etc.,is the most intensive distribution of Saline