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1.
保持黄河不断流是傍河水源地存在的必要条件,黄河频繁的断流威胁傍河开采水源地的稳定性。本文建立了黄河下游影响带地下水系统模拟模型,模拟预测黄河下游在断流和恢复过流条件下,傍河开采时黄河侧渗量的变化趋势及傍河开采水源地地下水的演变趋势。研究表明:断流条件下,因傍河水源地开采而激发的黄河侧渗补给量增加幅度达28.4%-126.4%;小浪底水库运行对于傍河水源地实现稳定开采具有重要意义。  相似文献   

2.
地下水应急开采对郑州市傍河水源地的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
傍河水源地是郑州市重要的地下水供水水源.在出现极端干旱或极端事故(如水质污染)的条件下,傍河水源地将启动应急开采满足城市供水的需要.通过建立郑州市350m深度内松散岩类孔隙水地下水数值模拟模型,对黄河水位下降情况下的地下水应急开采方案进行了预测,分析了应急开采对黄河侧向补给的影响及傍河水源地地下水位的演变趋势.结果表明,应急开采方案下激发了黄河的侧向补给,一年的预测期末傍河水源地没有出现地下水位持续下降、降落漏斗进一步扩大的问题.  相似文献   

3.
黄河下游河段断流对沿黄地区生态环境影响严重。以1999年为基准年,利用黄河下游侧渗补给影响带地下水系统模拟模型研究了黄河断流对黄河侧渗量及地下水循环的影响。花园口—河口断流300d,黄河侧渗量减少53.8%。夹河滩-河口全年断流,黄河侧渗量减少75.2%;断流300d,黄河侧渗量减少46.3%。泺口—河口全年断流,黄河侧渗量减少25.1%;断流300d,黄河侧渗量减少19.8%。利津-河口全年断流,黄河侧渗量减少4.7%。断流对黄河侧渗补给影响带地下水流场的形态影响较小,浅层地下水系统边界的水力性质没有改变。断流对黄河下游傍河水源地开采动态水位影响较大,但宏观上对侧渗补给影响带地下水资源不会产生较大影响。  相似文献   

4.
黄河下游地上悬河段开采条件下侧渗量变化研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
本文主要通过模型的方法定量研究黄河下游悬河段地下水与黄河关系。在黄河影响带水文地质条件分析的基础上,将黄河作为地下水系统的混合边界条件处理,运用地下水模型软件FEFLOW建立研究区地下水流模拟模型。以模型为工具,重点评价了原阳水源地规划开采规模为40×104m3 d情况下,地下水流场和动态的变化趋势,计算了黄河侧渗量的变化情况。结果表明,地下水流场在开采10年后趋于稳定,地下水最大水位降深为20m,激发黄河水对地下水为补给量为1 02×108m3 a,占水源地开采量的69 7%。本研究还计算了8个规划新建和扩建傍河水源地条件下地下水变化趋势和黄河侧渗量的增加量。研究表明,黄河对于研究区地下水可再生能力的提高具有重要意义,规划新建和扩建傍河水源地新增地下水开采量4 86×108m3 a是有保证的。  相似文献   

5.
黄河下游傍河开采地下水研究--以郑州-开封间黄河段为例   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6  
近年来,由于黄河水量不断减少,断流频频发生和河水污染加剧等原因,使沿岸城市的供水形势日趋严峻。为了满足该区经济发展的需要,人们已越来越重视傍河地下水的开发与利用。从黄河下游河段的地质结构、岩性组成、河水补给地下水条件等各个方面论证了黄河下游河南省地段地下水资源的开发潜力及兴建大型傍河地下水水源地的可行性。对傍河开采地下水时可能诱发的水环境和地盾环境问题进行了分析、预测,提出了解决的途径。  相似文献   

6.
合理设计开采方案对傍河水源地地下水资源开发具有重要意义。以德惠典型傍河地下水水源地为研究区,在查明研究区水文地质条件的基础上,以管井为例,运用解析法确定了最佳开采方案和水源地地下水允许开采量,并对最佳开采方案的合理性和可靠性进行了分析。结果表明,当开采井沿河流呈直线形单排布井方式,井数为12眼,井河距离为200 m,井间距离为150 m,单井开采量为2 960 m3/d,总开采量为35 520 m3/d时,取水保证程度较高,面对河流突发性污染具有一定的抵御能力,不会对区域水环境和其他用户造成较大影响。  相似文献   

7.
傍河水源地地下水水流数值模拟的不确定性   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6  
按客观随机性与主观不确定性,对傍河水源地地下水水流数值模拟中的不确定性影响因素进行了详细分析,在此基础上,提出了处理地下水系统中随机不确定性的方法改进一次二阶矩法,并将其应用于傍河水源地地下水可开采量的可靠性分析中.评价结果得出:考虑参数的随机不确定性因素后,水源地以4.7×104 m3/d进行开采时发生地下水超采的风险率为19.31%.  相似文献   

8.
河水入渗补给是傍河水源地的主要补给来源,确定河水补给强度对于促进水源地长期安全的开采具有十分重要的意义。以沈阳黄家水源地为研究区,通过对比研究区河水、地下水的水化学及氢氧稳定同位素特征,分析了水源地地下水的补给来源及强度。结果表明:傍河水源地地下水主要接受河水的入渗补给和区域地下水的侧向补给;受河床沉积物和含水介质的岩性及结构在空间上的差异影响,河水入渗补给后在向地下水位漏斗中心流动的过程中具有浅层和深层两条地下水流路径,深层地下水与河水的水力联系更为紧密;河水对地下水的补给强度具有明显的时空变化特点,表现为雨季河水入渗强度明显大于旱季,并且随着与辽河距离的增加,水源地地下水获得的河水补给量呈逐渐减小的趋势。  相似文献   

9.
以西北某城市傍河水源地及其上游原油储备库为研究区,利用地下水数值模拟软件GMS建立了地下水流和溶质运移耦合模型。根据不同的水源地地下水开采方案,应用危害最大化原则,预测未来10年内原油储备库地下水中有机污染羽对水源地的影响。结果表明,虽然原油储备库距离水源地较近,但由于原油储备库所在区域仅有薄层含水层,而水源地处于其下游的断陷盆地内,形成了特殊的水文地质结构。这使得原油储备库地下水向下游的补给十分有限。水源地地下水补给主要来自北面的黄河,即使水源地加大开采也只能对石油污染羽产生很小的拉动作用。在这种情况下,10年之内原油储备库污染羽不会污染水源地地下水。从长远考虑,为增加水源地的供水安全,应恢复黄河南河道,在增加水源地补给的同时,也在水源地与污染场地之间形成天然的水力屏障,可以从根本上防止有机污染羽对水源地的威胁。  相似文献   

10.
在第二松花江傍河开采适宜性评价的基础上,根据研究区的地质和水文地质条件,建立了水文地质概念模型及相应的数学模型,建立了基于Visual MODFlow的地下水流数值模型;以地下水水位降深不大于含水砂层厚度的1/3为准则,通过使预测流场与允许降深条件下的流场尽量接近,给出了第二松花江干流傍河开采条件下的地下水允许开采量。结果表明:现状年条件下区域地下水资源开采强度较小,而傍河开采条件下各适宜区地下水开采潜力巨大,在多年平均降水保证率条件下,地下水允许开采量可达140×104 m3/d;适度规模傍河开采可引起地表水与地下水转化关系的变化,但不会对河流生态功能产生不利影响。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

13.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

14.
正The Kuqa depression deposited thick rock salt,which has a lower density than surrounding rocks.When salt bodies form a certain scale,obvious negative gravity anomalies can be detected in the surface.Therefore,gravitational method can quickly obtain the shape,plane distribution of deep-seated salt bodies and overall tectonic morphology of the basin.  相似文献   

15.
正1 Introduction The Pingluoba brine,which characterized as high concentration with sodium,potassium,boron,lithium,and rubidium,possess great development value.The main composition of the brine can be summarized to the  相似文献   

16.
正1 Introduction In the present paper,MgCl2·6H2O,FeCl3·6H2O,and CeCl3·6H2O were used as raw materials in the precipitationhydrothermal method to synthesize MgF eC e hydrotalcite.The effects of the Fe:Ce molar ratio on the composition,crystal structure,and thermal stability of hydrotalcite are examined.Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),X-  相似文献   

17.
正1 Introduction Crystallization is one of important unit operations in the chemical production process,which requires not only the crystal product with high purity and yield,but also the available particle size of the crystal products to ensure product quality.Crystallization process is affected by  相似文献   

18.
正Dear Authors and Readers:First of all,on behalf of the new Editorial Board,I would like to express our sincere appreciation for your continuing support of our journal.This journal,founded in 1922,is the oldest geological journal in China.As the flagship journal of the Geological Society of China,it has become more and more influential in earth sciences in China and beyond.The journal is now indexed by SCI,CA and more than 20 other databases,with an impact  相似文献   

19.
正20141283 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geological Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Nature,Origin and Tectonic Setting of Jinzhou Basin in the South Segment of Xuefeng Orogen(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(4),2013,p.1079-1091,10 illus.,47 refs.)Key words:foreland basins,strike-slip faults,Hunan Province  相似文献   

20.
正20142093Chen Daohua(Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510075,China);Diao Shaobo The Latest Progress of Geological Marine Testing Technology in China(Rock and Mineral Analysis,ISSN0254-5357,CN11-2131/TD,32(6),2013,p.850-859,105refs.)Key words:chemical analysis,China  相似文献   

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