南海盆地中生代海相沉积地层分布特征及勘探潜力分析

南海盆地中生代海相地层是古南海沉积产物,主要分布于南海北部陆架珠江口盆地东部,南海南部西北巴拉望、礼乐滩和南薇西-北康盆地及其附近,地层厚度在2 500~5 000 m,分布面积合计在125 000 km²以上。南北两地中生界被古老基底和新生代洋壳隔开,加里曼丹岛北侧-北巴拉望一线为古南海消亡的缝合带。南海盆地中生代生物源以浮游生物为主,干酪根为III型,以生气为主。油气生成、运移与圈闭形成的匹配关系良好,可形成自生自储型油气藏、新生古储型油气藏和古生新储型油气藏。由此可见,南海盆地中生代海相沉积岩具有较好的勘探潜力。     

Differences in the Tectonic Evolution of Basins in the Central‐Southern South China Sea and their Hydrocarbon Accumulation Conditions

To reveal the causes of differences in the hydrocarbon accumulation in continental marginal basins in the centralsouthern South China Sea,we used gravity-magnetic,seismic,drilling,and outcrop data to investigate the tectonic histories of the basins and explore how these tectonic events controlled the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in these basins.During the subduction of the Cenozoic proto-South China Sea and the expansion of the new South China Sea,the continental margin basins in the central-southern South China Sea could be classified as one of three types of epicontinental basins:southern extensional-foreland basins,western extensional-strike slip basins,and central extensional-drift basins.Because these basins have different tectonic and sedimentary histories,they also differ in their accumulated hydrocarbon resources.During the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the southern South China Sea generally progressed through three stages:faulting and subsidence from the late Eocene to the early Miocene,inversion and uplift in the middle Miocene,and subsidence since the late Miocene.Hydrocarbon source rocks with marine-continental transitional facies dominated byⅡ-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in extremely thick Miocene sedimentary series with the filling characteristics being mainly deep-water deposits in the early stage and shallow water deposits in the late stage.With well-developed sandstone and carbonate reservoirs,this stratum has a strong hydrocarbon generation potential.During the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the western South China Sea also progressed through the three developmental stages discussed previously.Hydrocarbon source rocks with lacustrine facies,marine-continental transitional facies,and terrigenous marine facies dominated byⅡ2-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in the relatively thick stratum with the filling characteristics being mainly lacustrine deposits in the early stage and marine deposits in the late stage.As a reservoir comprised of self-generated and self-stored sandstone,this unit also has a high hydrocarbon generation potential.Throughout those same three developmental stages,the basin groups in the central South China Sea generated hydrocarbon source rocks with terrigenous marine facies dominated byⅢkerogen that have developed in a stratum with medium thicknesses with the filling characteristics being mainly sandstone in the early stage and carbonate in the late stage.This reservoir,which is dominated by lower-generation and upper-storage carbonate rocks,also has a high hydrocarbon generation potential.     

“源热共控”中国近海盆地油气田“内油外气”有序分布

源热共控油气形成,烃源岩是油气形成的内因,热是油气形成的外因,内因和外因缺一不可,二者耦合作用控制了含油气区内油气的形成、资源潜力与分布模式。中国近海沉积盆地主要属于新生代伸展盆地或张扭盆地,古近纪发生裂陷,早—中中新世发生区域性热沉降,晚中新世以来新构造活动在多数盆地比较活跃。中国近海新生代盆地烃源岩主要形成于古近纪...     

南海南、北大陆边缘盆地烃源岩热演化差异及成因分析

对横跨南海南、北共轭大陆边缘的两条骨干剖面所经过的沉积盆地烃源岩热演化进行模拟,分析了南、北陆缘盆地烃源岩热演化差异。结果表明,南海南部陆缘盆地生烃门限整体比北部陆缘盆地的生烃门限浅,南部陆缘盆地生烃门限整体在2 200~2 300 m之间,中新统烃源岩基本已进入生烃门限;北部陆缘盆地生烃门限整体位于2 500~2 600 m之间,渐新统及其以下烃源岩进入生烃门限。南海南、北陆缘盆地生烃门限的规律性与南海现今热流分布南高北低、西高东低的整体趋势相对应,高热流有利于烃源岩的成熟与生烃,因此热流值高的区域对应生烃门限较浅。造成南、北陆缘主力烃源岩的热演化程度差异的主要原因可能是由南海扩张及古南海俯冲引起的地温场变化所引起。     

Prospective prediction and exploration situation of marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic oil and gas in the South Yellow Sea

The South Yellow Sea Basin is a large sedimentary basin superimposed by the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine sedimentary basin and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic terrestrial sedimentary basin, where no oil and gas fields have been discovered after exploration for 58 years. After the failure of oil and gas exploration in terrestrial basins, the exploration target of the South Yellow Sea Basin turned to the marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic strata. After more than ten years’ investigation and research, a lot of achievements have been obtained. The latest exploration obtained effective seismic reflection data of deep marine facies by the application of seismic exploration technology characterized by high coverage, abundant low-frequency components and strong energy source for the deep South Yellow Sea Basin. In addition, some wells drilled the Middle-Upper Paleozoic strata, with obvious oil and gas shows discovered in some horizons. The recent petroleum geological research on the South Yellow Sea Basin shows that the structure zoning of the marine residual basin has been redetermined, the basin structure has been defined, and 3 seismic reflection marker layers are traceable and correlatable in the residual thick Middle-Paleozoic strata below the continental Meso-Cenozoic strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin. Based on these, the seismic sequence of the marine sedimentary strata was established. According to the avaliable oil and gas exploration and research, the marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic oil and gas prospects of the South Yellow Sea were predicted as follows. (1) The South Yellow Sea Basin has the same sedimentary formation and evolution history during the sedimentary period of the Middle-Paleozoic marine basin with the Sichuan Basin. (2) There are 3 regional high-quality source rocks. (3) The carbonate and clastic reservoirs are developed in the Mesozoic-Paleozoic strata. (4) The three source-reservoir-cap assemblages are relatively intact. (5) The Laoshan Uplift is a prospect area for the Lower Paleozoic oil and gas, and the Wunansha Uplift is one for the marine Upper Paleozoic oil and gas. (6) The Gaoshi stable zone in the Laoshan Uplift is a favorable zone. (7) The marine Mesozoic-Paleozoic strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin has the geological conditions required to form large oil and gas fields, with remarkable oil and gas resources prospect. An urgent problem to be addressed now within the South Yellow Sea Basin is to drill parametric wells for the Lower Paleozoic strata as the target, to establish the complete stratigraphic sequence since the Paleozoic period, to obtain resource evaluation parameters, and to realize the strategic discovery and achieve breakthrough in oil and gas exploration understanding.©2019 China Geology Editorial Office.     

羌塘盆地晚三叠世岩相古地理特征与烃源岩

羌塘盆地晚三叠世古地理格局是研究其沉积演化史和油气资源评价关键基础。通过地层划分对比、沉积相分析、沉积序列等方法，结合最新的地质调查及其研究结果，对羌塘盆地晚三叠世岩相古地理环境进行恢复，并讨论了上三叠统烃源岩基本特征。羌塘盆地晚三叠世受北侧碰撞造山挤压和南侧班公湖—怒江中特提斯洋盆打开双重影响，北羌塘前陆盆地逐渐萎缩消亡，南羌塘则经历走滑作用开始接受沉积。盆地北部的可可西里造山带、东部的岛链状隆起带和中部的中央隆起带为该时期盆地内三个物源区。北部边缘、中央隆起带东部边缘和盆地的中、东部地区，形成滨岸—三角洲相沉积。盆地中西部沉积较稳定的缓坡相碳酸盐岩。南羌塘坳陷的南部，沉积了向上水体逐渐变深的浅海陆棚相沉积物。此时期碳酸盐岩缓坡相区发育的烃源岩，具有高残余有机碳，高成熟度，低残余生烃潜量等基本特征，综合评价属于中等—较好烃源岩，以生气为主。推测多格错仁地区是今后油气勘探的优选目标和首选地区。     

Oil and Gas Accumulation in the Foreland Basins, Central and Western China

<正>Foreland basin represents one of the most important hydrocarbon habitats in central and western China.To distinguish these foreland basins regionally,and according to the need of petroleum exploration and favorable exploration areas,the foreland basins in central and western China can be divided into three structural types:superimposed,retrogressive and reformative foreland basin(or thrust belt),each with distinctive petroleum system characteristics in their petroleum system components(such as the source rock,reservoir rock,caprock,time of oil and gas accumulation,the remolding of oil/gas reservoir after accumulation,and the favorable exploration area,etc.).The superimposed type foreland basins,as exemplified by the Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin, characterized by two stages of early and late foreland basin development,typically contain at least two hydrocarbon source beds,one deposited in the early foreland development and another in the later fault-trough lake stage.Hydrocarbon accumulations in this type of foreland basin often occur in multiple stages of the basin development,though most of the highly productive pools were formed during the late stage of hydrocarbon migration and entrapment(Himalayan period).This is in sharp contrast to the retrogressive foreland basins(only developing foreland basin during the Permian to Triassic) such as the western Sichuan Basin,where prolific hydrocarbon source rocks are associated with sediments deposited during the early stages of the foreland basin development.As a result, hydrocarbon accumulations in retrogressive foreland basins occur mainly in the early stage of basin evolution.The reformative foreland basins(only developing foreland basin during the Himalayan period) such as the northern Qaidam Basin,in contrast,contain organic-rich,lacustrine so urce rocks deposited only in fault-trough lake basins occurring prior to the reformative foreland development during the late Cenozoic,with hydrocarbon accumulations taking place relatively late(Himalayan period).Therefore,the ultimate hydrocarbon potentials in the three types of foreland basins are largely determined by the extent of spatial and temporal matching among the thrust belts,hydrocarbon source kitchens,and regional and local caprocks.     

北黄海盆地东部坳陷勘探突破对我国近海残留“黑色侏罗系”油气勘探的启示

最新的勘探和研究证实,北黄海盆地东部坳陷发育了中、上侏罗统2套有效烃源岩并以上侏罗统为主力烃源岩层,在其供烃范围内形成了上侏罗统-下白垩统"下生上储式"和中-上侏罗统"自生自储式"2类成藏组合,取得了我国东部海域以侏罗系为唯一源岩的含油气盆地勘探突破。为进一步探索我国近海盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的资源潜力和勘探前景,本文采用地震-地质综合解释、烃源岩地球化学分析、盆地模拟等方法,综合分析了我国近海主要盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的分布和地球化学特征。结果表明,我国近海残留侏罗系暗色泥岩烃源岩非均质性较强,多属"中等"级别,局部发育"中等-好"、"中等-差"级别烃源岩,侏罗系烃源岩大多存在早（J₃-K₁）、晚（E₂末-N₁）2期生、排烃高峰,生烃总量达1.4×10¹¹ t,资源前景乐观,预测可形成侏罗系"自生自储式"和侏罗系-白垩系（或新生界）"下生上储式"2类源储组合。     

南海北部琼东南盆地岩石热物性特征

岩石热物性是盆地模拟和预测深部温度时不可或缺的参数。琼东南盆地是当前我国海洋油气资源勘探开发的重点区 块，揭示该盆地的热状态和烃源岩热演化历史均离不开真实可靠的岩石热物性参数。前人虽然对南海北部地区的岩石热物 性开展过相关研究，仍存在实测数据偏少、代表性不足和相互矛盾等问题，亟需新增一批新的实测数据来弥补该区基础地 热参数的不足。文章对采自琼东南盆地19口钻孔的32块岩心样品开展了热导率、生热率以及密度和孔隙度等物性参数测 试，揭示了它们的空间展布特征、相互关系及其主控因素，建立了琼东南盆地新生界地层平均热导率和生热率，据此估算 出盆地沉积物的放射性生热贡献约占地表热流的33%。这些实测的岩石热物性参数为南海北部海域沉积盆地的盆地模拟和 地热相关研究提供了坚实的基础数据。     

南海北部琼东南盆地岩石热物性特征

岩石热物性是盆地模拟和预测深部温度时不可或缺的参数。琼东南盆地是当前我国海洋油气资源勘探开发的重点区 块,揭示该盆地的热状态和烃源岩热演化历史均离不开真实可靠的岩石热物性参数。前人虽然对南海北部地区的岩石热物 性开展过相关研究,仍存在实测数据偏少、代表性不足和相互矛盾等问题,亟需新增一批新的实测数据来弥补该区基础地 热参数的不足。文章对采自琼东南盆地19口钻孔的32块岩心样品开展了热导率、生热率以及密度和孔隙度等物性参数测 试,揭示了它们的空间展布特征、相互关系及其主控因素,建立了琼东南盆地新生界地层平均热导率和生热率,据此估算 出盆地沉积物的放射性生热贡献约占地表热流的33%。这些实测的岩石热物性参数为南海北部海域沉积盆地的盆地模拟和 地热相关研究提供了坚实的基础数据。     

海相沉积岩是中国石油工业未来的希望

回顾了中国陆相找油第一次创业的经验,认为中国的海相找油走过了一段“以南代北”和“以偏概全”的弯路。提出了该如何全面看待中国南方海相地层所遇到的破坏严重,地面暴露,保存条件差及油气层年代古老等问题。汇总了我国主要海相勘探区(塔里木盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、四川盆地、渤海湾盆地)的油气勘探进展概况。建议中国的海相油气勘探因经验不足,可以借鉴俄罗斯海相古生界找油的经验。指出中国的海相沉积油气勘探可以包括十个领域:(1)稳定地台区的大型古隆起;(2)断陷盆地的海相沉积;(3)山间盆地海相沉积;(4)南方地区碳酸盐岩分布区;(5)南方复合盆地;(6)大陆架海域海相沉积;(7)西藏羌塘盆地侏罗系;(8)四川盆地的三叠系;(9)大型不整合;(10)逆掩断层带的海相沉积。     

南黄海中部隆起中—古生界沉积相及烃源岩特征——以CSDP-2井为例

依托CSDP-2全取心井岩心及38块烃源岩样品的实测w(TOC)、w(氯仿沥青"A")、镜质体反射率、生烃潜量等一系列地化测试数据,在精确识别南黄海盆地中部隆起中—古生界沉积相类型的基础上,分析多组段、多岩相烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型和成熟度特征,并结合前人研究成果,对比该区与下扬子苏皖地区主要烃源岩的差异性,探讨南黄海盆地中—古生界油气勘探前景。结果表明:南黄海盆地在中—古生代共经历了6次较大规模的海侵-海退,由海向陆方向发育完整的浅海陆棚-障壁海岸-三角洲沉积体系且充填了浅水内陆棚、镶边碳酸盐岩台地及潮坪-泻湖和三角洲前缘等连续的沉积演化序列;海盆内栖霞组、龙潭组、大隆组和青龙组4套烃源岩品质与陆区相当,同属中等最好烃源岩级别;垂向上则以龙潭组、大隆组源岩品质最高且不乏优质烃源岩的存在,青龙组源岩品质稍低但同样有效;丰富的烃类物质基础、7套全烃、荧光高幅上升段及累计40余处油浸、油斑等直接油气显示彰显了南黄海中—古生界海相地层存在着巨大的油气勘探潜力。     

Hydrocarbon Enrichment and Main Controlling Factors in Offshore Rift Basins of China: A Case Study in the Beibuwan Basin

Beibuwan B asin is an important offshore oil and gas bearing basin of China.However,the distribution of oil and gas in different sags is uneven,and the rule of hydrocarbon accumulation and main controlling factors have not been clearly understood in this basin.Based on abundant seismic,well and analytical data,the differences and main controlling of tectonic evolution,sedimentary filling and source rock quality in sags are analyzed,and combined with the study of geothermal filed,the main controlling factors of differential hydrocarbon generation in sags of the Beibuwan Basin are clarified.On the basis of the research above,the hydrocarbon enrichment of the basin is clarified through the systematic analysis of reservoir-caprock assemblage and accumulation characteristics of different structural units.The results show that there are four NE-trending sag zones in the basin,and under the influence of fault activity,the scale of sags is regularly distributed.The scale of rifts in different sag zones decreases gradually from northwest to southeast and the scale of rifts in the middle of a single sag zone is normally larger than that at two ends.Under the control of the sag-controlling faults activity,paleoproductivity and organic matter preservation conditions,the quality of source rocks in sags of the Beibuwan Basin decreases from northwest to southeast.The hydrocarbon-rich sags in the Beibuwan Basin were formed under the control of source rocks and geothermal field,and the distribution of large-medium scale fields is controlled by the favorable structural traps in the rift strata of inner gentle slope zone.The understanding of the hydrocarbon enrichment and main controlling factors in the Beibuwan Basin also provides a significant guidance for the oil and gas exploration in other rift basins.     

马来盆地成藏规律研究及有利区预测

马来盆地烃源岩包括湖相页岩和河流三角洲相煤、页岩.湖相烃源岩为盆地主力烃源岩,K组页岩是盆地中生烃潜力最好的烃源岩.盆地中部源岩通常都是过成熟,边缘大多处于生油窗或未成熟.中-晚中新世马来盆地发生构造反转,反转主要集中在盆地的东南部和中部,构造反转与油气成藏关系密切.盆地中央的反转强度比侧翼大,东南方向反转强度增加.马来盆地大致划分为4个成藏组合带：基底成藏组合带、下部成藏组合带、中部成藏组合带和上部成藏组合带.晚渐新世-中中新世构造成藏组合带为马来盆地内最重要的一个成藏组合带,其石油储量占整个盆地的85%,天然气占48%.盆地烃源岩经历多期生烃和混合生烃的过程,在盆地南部烃源岩生烃受到抑制.油气运移以横向运移为主,垂向运移为辅.油气藏分布主要受烃源岩成熟度和盆地形态的控制,呈现东南部和中部为油藏、北部为气藏的分布格局.将马来盆地划分为6个大勘探区域,其中东南挤压背斜区是马来盆地主力油气产区,石油储量占整个马来盆地的69%,天然气储量占62%.提出9个潜在有利目标区,其中3个为潜在勘探有利区,6个为新兴勘探区.     

马来盆地成藏规律研究及有利区预测

马来盆地烃源岩包括湖相页岩和河流三角洲相煤、页岩.湖相烃源岩为盆地主力烃源岩，K组页岩是盆地中生烃潜力最好的烃源岩.盆地中部源岩通常都是过成熟，边缘大多处于生油窗或未成熟.中-晚中新世马来盆地发生构造反转，反转主要集中在盆地的东南部和中部，构造反转与油气成藏关系密切.盆地中央的反转强度比侧翼大，东南方向反转强度增加.马来盆地大致划分为4个成藏组合带：基底成藏组合带、下部成藏组合带、中部成藏组合带和上部成藏组合带.晚渐新世-中中新世构造成藏组合带为马来盆地内最重要的一个成藏组合带，其石油储量占整个盆地的85%，天然气占48%.盆地烃源岩经历多期生烃和混合生烃的过程，在盆地南部烃源岩生烃受到抑制.油气运移以横向运移为主，垂向运移为辅.油气藏分布主要受烃源岩成熟度和盆地形态的控制，呈现东南部和中部为油藏、北部为气藏的分布格局.将马来盆地划分为6个大勘探区域，其中东南挤压背斜区是马来盆地主力油气产区，石油储量占整个马来盆地的69%，天然气储量占62%.提出9个潜在有利目标区，其中3个为潜在勘探有利区，6个为新兴勘探区.     

南美玻利维亚重点盆地油气地质特征和勘探潜力评价

基于对玻利维亚区域构造演化与沉积充填特征的分析,研究盆地烃源岩、储集层及盖层等油气成藏地质条件的差异,分析盆地勘探潜力。玻利维亚境内发育查科、贝尼和马德雷德迪奥斯等3个重点盆地,均是在前寒武系基底基础上发育起来的叠合盆地,盆内依次充填了古生代克拉通边缘海相沉积层序、三叠纪-白垩纪裂谷期海相-海陆过渡沉积层序和晚白垩世至今前陆陆相沉积层序。油气成藏地质条件综合对比分析认为,3个盆地均发育泥盆系主力烃源岩,储集层以泥盆系-石炭系和白垩系砂岩为主,发育古生界泥岩和碳酸盐岩及古近系泥岩等多套区域盖层。成熟烃源岩主要分布在冲断带和前渊区,油气必须通过垂向和侧向运移才能聚集成藏,具有晚期生烃、晚期成藏的特点。马德雷德迪奥斯盆地前渊-斜坡带低幅构造圈闭和地层圈闭、查科盆地和贝尼盆地逆冲褶皱带构造圈闭是主要的勘探目标。     

南海南沙海域沉积盆地与油气分布

在较详细分析南沙海域区域地质背景的基础上,研究该海域主要沉积盆地地质构造特征,分析不同区域沉积盆地的油气地质条件,研究和总结各盆地中的油气分布特征。研究表明,万安盆地、曾母盆地和文莱-沙巴盆地具有丰富的油气资源,北康盆地、北巴拉望盆地油气资源远景次之,礼乐盆地和南薇西盆地油气资源远景较差。     

羌塘盆地油气勘探前景展望

羌塘盆地为中生代大型的海相残留型构造盆地。盆地的南北缝合带及中央隆起带,宏观上可视为三条构造活动带,其间所夹持的两个相对稳定的地块,特别是南、北坳陷中部的两个复向斜区,是油气勘探的主攻方向。上三叠统—上侏罗统是盆地内的沉积主体,“两坳夹一隆”的古构造格局控制了沉积和烃源层的发育和展布。生物礁、滩多分布在高隆起周缘的碳酸盐岩台地上,发育于各组段中,但以侏罗系布曲组及索瓦组相对集中。盆地内发育有上三叠统肖茶卡组、中侏罗统布曲组和夏里组以及上侏罗统索瓦组四套主要烃源层,估算盆地的总生烃量为9930.92×108t,远景资源量为52.95×108t,具有雄厚的找油物质基础。盆地内发育了四套生储盖组合,其中以侏罗系(组合Ⅲ)布曲组—夏里组亚组合最好,是盆地主要的勘探目的层。应用多种方法综合研究和评价认为,北羌塘坳陷金星湖—东湖—托纳木地区和南羌塘坳陷比洛错东—土门地区是最有利的含油气远景区。     

南海南部上白垩统—始新统Rajang群浊流沉积物源-汇对比分析*

南海南部新生代沉积中发育有大型三角洲、下切水道、深水浊积扇等油气有利勘探带,油气资源丰富,勘探前景广阔。其中,位于中央婆罗洲、形成于上白垩统—始新统的Rajang群由一套巨厚的深海浊积扇组成,时间跨度达30 Ma,属世界著名的古海底扇之一。由于缺乏系统的源-汇对比研究工作,对其沉积物来源及沉积充填过程认识不清,影响到该时期盆地油气资源的勘探研究。通过岩石学、重矿物和碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱系综合分析,对Rajang群沉积物及其潜在源区进行系统源-汇对比研究。结果发现,Rajang群主要受南海北部岩浆岩局部隆起区和中南半岛物源控制,沉积物来自南海北部地区。在始新世晚期,由于沙捞越俯冲造山运动,Rajang群沉积物发生强烈变形和隆升,主要出露于中央婆罗洲及近海曾母盆地。由于Rajang扇中的深海泥质夹层多、砂层相对较薄,无法形成有利储集体。但是,在曾母盆地北侧及其偏北的北康—南薇西盆地一带应该发育有同时代较好的浅水储集体,是该区油气勘探的潜在方向。     

Exploration Potential of Marine Source Rocks Oil-Gas Reservoirs in China

So far,more than 150 marine oil-gas fields have been found onshore and offshore about 350. The marine source rocks are mainly Paleozoic and Mesozoic onshore whereas Tertiary offshore.Three genetic categories of oil-gas reservoirs have been defined for the marine reservoirs in China:primary reservoirs,secondary reservoirs and hydrocarbon-regeneration reservoirs.And three exploration prospects have also been suggested:(1)Primary reservoirs prospects,which are chiefly distributed in many Tertiary basins of the South China Sea(SCS),the Tertiary shelf basins of the East China Sea (ECS)and the Paleozoic of Tarim basin,Sichuan basin and Ordos basin.To explore large-middle-scale even giant oil-gas fields should chiefly be considered in this category reservoirs.These basins are the most hopeful areas to explore marine oil-gas fields in China,among which especially many Tertiary basins of the SCS should be strengthened to explore.(2)Secondary reservoirs prospects,which are mainly distributed in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic of the Tarim basin,Sichuan basin,Qiangtang basin and Chuxiong basin in western China,of which exploration potential is less than that of the primary reservoirs.(3)Hydrocarbon-regeneration reservoirs prospects,which are chiefly distributed in the Bohai Bay basin,North Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea basin,southern North China basin,Jianghan basin, South Poyang basin in eastern China and the Tarim basin in western China,of which source rocks are generally the Paleozoic.And the reservoirs formed by late-stage(always Cenozoic)secondary hydrocarbon generation of the Paleozoic source rocks should mainly be considered to explore,among which middle-small and small oil-gas fields are the chief exploration targets.As a result of higher thermal evolution of Paleozoic and Mesozoic source rocks,the marine reservoirs onshore are mainly gas fields,and so far marine oil fields have only been found in the Tarim basin.No other than establishing corresponding marine oil-gas exploration and development strategy and policy, sufficiently enhancing cognition to the particularity and complexity of China's marine petroleum geology,and applying new thoughts,new theories and new technologies,at the same time tackling some key technologies,it is possible to fast and effectually exploit and utilize the potential huge marine oil-gas resources of China.