辽宁兴城地区长城系团山子组与大红峪组不整合接触特征及其对兴城运动的意义

通过野外地质调查,确定了辽宁兴城地区长城系大红峪组与下伏团山子组为角度不整合接触。夹山地区团山子组三段叠层石白云岩顶部发育有古喀斯特地貌,大红峪组下部有底砾岩。接触面可见大红峪组砾岩沿溶洞、解理缝或构造裂隙灌入团山子组白云岩中。地球化学分析结果表明,团山子组为氧化沉积环境,气候温暖湿润。而大红峪组为贫氧--氧化沉积环境,气候与团山子组比较变得炎热干燥。由此表明,兴城运动的存在具有合理性,并且对于兴城地区具有较大的影响作用。     

辽宁兴城地区前寒武纪地层序列和不整合

辽宁兴城地区位于华北克拉通中、新元古代燕山裂陷槽盆地（燕辽海盆）的东南边缘,地层序列和沉积特征与同属盆地边缘区的河北滦县、北京南口、以及太行山区等地类似。研究区新太古代花岗岩之上沉积了长城系（常州沟组、串岭沟组、团山子组、大红峪组）,蓟县系（高于庄组、杨庄组、雾迷山组）,以及青白口系（长龙山组、景儿峪组）。与天津蓟县中、新元古界标准剖面相比,本区地层厚度较薄、长城系碳酸盐岩较少、碎屑物粒度较粗、部分层位（铁岭组、洪水庄组、下马岭组？）缺失,几大沉积层序的底界超覆明显,体现了典型的古陆边缘特征。中元古界常州沟组至团山子组为一套局限分布的滨、浅海相海进至海退旋回沉积,常州沟组滨海相砂岩与下伏新太古代花岗岩沉积接触;大红峪组沉积时期广泛海侵,以石英砂岩和粉砂质页岩为主,下部发育复成分角砾岩和石英砂岩质砾岩,与下伏地质体有沉积接触（非整合）、角度不整合、微角度不整合、岩溶不整合等多种接触关系,说明大红峪组沉积之前发生过沉积间断和地层褶皱变形,“兴城运动”所指的不整合并非单纯的海进超覆成因;蓟县系高于庄组下部为一套海侵陆源碎屑岩序列,不整合在大红峪组和新太古代花岗岩之上,中、上部为碳酸盐岩台地沉积;蓟县系杨庄组和雾迷山组总体为碳酸盐岩,仅含少量陆源碎屑成分或薄层;新元古界青白口系长龙山组为又一套陆源碎屑岩海进序列,平行不整合在蓟县系雾迷山组或待建系下马岭组？角砾状含燧石白云质灰岩之上,指示了芹峪上升和蔚县上升影响期间的岩溶平原发育历史;寒武系昌平组角砾状白云质灰岩平行不整合在景儿峪组中、薄层白云质灰岩之上。上述不整合及地层建造特征还说明山海关古陆长期存在并对辽西南部的沉积古地理有明显影响。此外,大红峪组的沉积在区内具有承前启后的意义,自大红峪组沉积开始本区与燕辽海盆完全连通,整个盆地的演化也从强烈断陷向稳定沉降转变。     

辽宁兴城地区大红峪组底界性质及地质意义

为进一步确定燕山裂陷槽中元古界大红峪组底界性质,笔者对位于燕山中元古代沉积盆地边缘的兴城地区进行调查研究。通过对研究区多个剖面上大红峪组底部砾岩的特征、类型及成因的初步分析,得出该组沉积之前地表经历了差异性侵蚀,造成古地形起伏较大。大红峪组底部与下伏地层的不整合包括单斜不整合和超覆不整合两种类型,其代表的"兴城运动"没有影响到更广阔的范围。根据大红峪组底界明显的沉积间断现象,笔者认为将标准剖面大红峪组底界置于"小白石英岩"之下更为合理。     

燕山西段及太行山区长城系底界的讨论

对燕山型长城系底部层位存在有不同的认识 ,从含钾盆地、大红峪海侵超覆、团山子组海进或海退的问题提出长城系底部地层属于大红峪组的观点。大红峪期时 ,燕山地区只存在一个含钾盆地 ,造成多层含钾页岩沉积 ,而串岭沟组不含钾。以前所划各组段的海侵超覆实为大红峪组的海侵超覆 ,是兴城运动在燕山西段的反映 ,其底部有明显的相变特征。由此把燕山西段及太行山区长城系底部层位重新划为大红峪组 ,则团山子组存在的不协调现象也就迎刃而解。同时还认为昌平德胜口剖面与青龙大杖子剖面几可逐层对比 ,阳原牛坊沟剖面与代表“青龙上升”的剖面相似 ,上述剖面应是大红峪海侵在燕山东西段的反映     

A middle Proterozoic palaeokarst unconformity and associated sedimentary rocks, Elu Basin, northwest Canada

A major palaeokarst erosion surface is developed within the middle Proterozoic Elu Basin, northwestern Canada. This palaeokarst is named the sub-Kanuyak unconformity and truncates the Parry Bay Formation, a sequence of shallow-marine dolostones that were deposited within a north-facing carbonate platform under a semi-arid climate. The sub-Kanuyak unconformity exhibits up to 90 m of local relief, and also formed under semi-arid conditions when Parry Bay dolostones were subaerially exposed during a relative sea-level drop of about 180 m. Caves and various karren developed within the meteoric vadose and phreatic zones. Their geometry, size and orientation were largely controlled by northwest- and northeast-trending antecedent joints, bedding, and lithology. Near-surface caves later collapsed forming valleys, and intervening towers or walls, and plains. Minor terra rossa formed on top of highs. Karstification was most pronounced in southern parts of Bathurst Inlet but decreased northward, probably reflecting varying lengths of exposure time along a north-dipping slope. The Kanuyak Formation is up to 65 m thick, and partially covers the underlying palaeokarst. It consists of six lithofacies: (i) breccia formed during collapse of caves, as reworked collapse breccia and regolith; (ii) conglomerate representing gravel-dominated braided-fluvial deposits; (iii) sandstone deposited as braided-fluvial and storm-dominated lacustrine deposits; (iv) interbedded sandstone, siltstone and mudstone of sheet flood origin; (v) dolostones formed from dolocretes and quiet-water lacustrine deposits; and (vi) red-beds representing intertidal-marine mudflat deposits. Rivers flowed toward the northwest and northeast within karst valleys and caves; lakes were also situated within valleys; marine mudflat sediments completely cover the palaeokarst to the north. A regional correlation of the sub-Kanuyak unconformity with the intra-Greenhorn Lakes disconformity within the Coppermine homocline suggests that similar styles of karstification occurred over an extensive region. The Elu Basin palaeokarst, however, was developed more landward, and was exposed for a longer period of time than the Coppermine homocline palaeokarst.     

The unconformity-related palaeokarst in the uppermost Ediacaran carbonate rocks in the northwestern Tarim Block,NW China: implication for sedimentary evolution during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition

ABSTRACT

The unconformity between the Ediacaran and Cambrian and its associated palaeokarst was well preserved within the Aksu area of the northwestern margin of the Tarim Block and provides new insights into the sedimentary evolution of the Tarim Basin during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition. In this contribution, the typical palaeokarst features in the uppermost Ediacaran dolostones at nine outcrops in the Aksu area were documented, including palaeocaves, cave-sediment infills, solution vugs, and pores. Large-scale collapsed breccia assemblages in palaeocaves indicate that strong karstification had occurred in the south belt from the Xiaoerburak to Kule sections. Karst characterized by small-scale caves and solution vugs at the Chigebrak and Kakebashi sections suggests that the karstification in the north belt was not stronger than that in the south belt. Whereas sparse solution pores and small vugs can only be observed at the Sugetbrak and Yuermeinak sections, demonstrating that the karstification was weak in the middle belt. Combined with the thickness of sediments in the base of the Cambrian which subsequently overlay on the Ediacaran–Cambrian unconformity, it is speculated that the palaeo-upland was probably located in the middle belt from the Sugetbrak to Yuermeinak sections and the slope was developed in the south and north belts during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition. The palaeokarst documented in the uppermost Ediacaran dolostones in the Aksu area illustrates an important sedimentary hiatus of the Tarim Block during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition, which might be due to the sea-level fall at the end of the Ediacaran.     

辽宁兴城夹山地区中元古界团山子组叠层石的发现及其地层学意义

辽宁省兴城市夹山地区中元古界长城系白云岩中首次发现叠层石,其产出层位为前人在这一地区划分的"常州沟组"顶部,自下而上为Stratifera sp.层叠层石(未定种),Cryptozoon sp.卷心菜叠层石(未定种),Eucapsiphora sp.叠球藻叠层石(未定种)。该组合以及邻区葫芦岛等地团山子组中的叠层石类型均属于燕山、太行地区团山子组叠层石组合带分子。上述叠层石的发现为夹山地区划分出团山子组提供了重要的生物地层学证据。根据岩石组合特征、叠层石形态垂向分布规律及其与古环境演化的关系分析,认为兴城地区团山子组沉积环境演化为海退沉积序列(浅滩到潮间、潮上带)到海侵沉积序列(潮间、潮上带到潮间、潮下带)。     

燕辽地区中、晚元古代宏观藻类化石研究

以蓟县中、上元古界层型剖面所产宏观藻类化石为重点 ,兼顾京冀辽等邻区 ,全面总结和系统讨论了该区中、晚元古代宏观藻类化石的研究简史、产出层位、区域分布、化石组合、生物群特征、可能的系统分类 ,以及国内外对比与地层学意义 ,初步探讨了宏观藻类植物群在中、新元古代的发生、发展与更迭 ,追索宏观真核生物起源等。通过对燕辽地区中、新元古代宏观藻类的研究与总结 ,把显生宙行之有效的生物地层学方法运用于前寒武纪地层研究中 ,进行国内外前寒武纪地层的对比 ,显然具有重要的地层学意义。同时 ,对探讨地球早期生命演化也具有重要的理论意义     

华北克拉通燕辽裂谷长城纪碱性岩锆石U-Pb年代厘定和Hf-O同位素特征

基性的碱性岩通常形成于伸展环境,具有富碱和不相容元素富集等地球化学特征,它们来源于深部富集地幔,是探索地幔交代和深部地球动力学的"岩石探针"。华北克拉通北缘燕辽裂谷内发育团山子组和大红峪组钾质火山岩以及侵入串岭沟组的钠质岩脉,它们共同组成了长城纪碱性岩系列。本文利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素方法对平谷-蓟县地区钾质火山岩进行年代学测试,获得误差范围内一致的年龄:1613±11Ma、1634±18Ma(团山子组)和1605±19Ma、1630±10Ma(大红峪组),说明钾质火山岩喷发的持续时间短,且与侵入串岭沟组的钠质岩脉同期(~1625Ma)。钾质火山岩和钠质岩脉的锆石Hf-O同位素组成相似:εHf(t)=-2~+4(正态分布峰值+0.6),δ^18O=4.5‰~7.7‰明显高于正常地幔锆石的值,钾质火山岩和钠质岩脉的母岩浆源自相同的富集地幔,源区受到高δ^18O物质的交代作用而富含钾质矿物,如角闪石或金云母。华北克拉通中-新元古代岩浆事件是伸展环境的产物,其锆石Hf同位素组成在~1.32Ga发生突变,由富集到亏损,暗示岩石圈地幔经历强烈的交代改造作用,可能成为检验地幔柱或者板块深俯冲驱动超大陆裂解机制的窗口。     

四川盆地东部黄龙组古岩溶地貌研究

作为川东地区最重要的天然气储集类型之一的石炭系黄龙组古岩溶型储层,业已引起众多油气地质工作者的重视。通过古岩溶作用标志识别和成因分析,采用残余地层厚度法、地貌法和印模法等技术手段对川东地区黄龙组古岩溶地貌进行恢复,从中划分出岩溶高地、岩溶斜坡和岩溶盆地三个岩溶地貌单元和峰丛、溶沟、落水洞、坡地、谷地、浅洼、残丘和槽地等微地貌单元,在平面上细分出七个典型的古岩溶地貌分区,并对分区内的岩溶地貌特征进行了研究,认为不同古岩溶地貌分区所处的地理位置及微地貌单元组成特征具有明显差异,从而直接影响到天然气藏的发育。在此基础上,对川东地区古岩溶及储层发育控制因素进行了分析,认为构造、气候、岩性、层位、古地形、古水文条件和不同的岩溶地貌形态影响和控制着古岩溶储层的发育与区域分布。上述研究成果将为川东石炭系古岩溶型储层评价与有利区带优选提供可靠依据。     

河北怀来龙凤山青白口系长龙山组碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其构造古地理意义

河北怀来龙凤山地区青白口系长龙山组(或称骆驼岭组)因发现"龙凤山生物群"而备受关注。本文报道了龙凤山西坡剖面长龙山组中部临近"龙凤山生物群"化石产出层位之下的粉砂岩中碎屑锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄。其年龄分布于1573~2931 Ma之间,碎屑锆石年龄谱存在一个明显的峰值,峰值年龄为~1.85Ga,此外还有其它若干次级峰值年龄,分别响应了华北克拉通主要的前寒武纪若干地质事件。年龄主峰(~1.85Ga)记录了华北克拉通东、西两大陆块的碰撞拼合事件,~2.6Ga(2.603Ga和2.556Ga)和~2.9Ga(2.935Ga)峰值年龄对应了华北克拉通重要的陆壳生长时间,前者对应了华北克拉通东部地壳生长的最高峰。介于2.4~2.0Ga(2.07Ga、2.177Ga、2.228Ga、2.286Ga、2.324Ga和2.388Ga)的次级峰值年龄代表了华北克拉通经历的陆内拉伸-裂谷事件。~1.6Ga(1.580Ga)峰值年龄是大红峪的岩浆事件的反映,大致对应于Columbia超大陆裂解的时间。缺失广布华北克拉通的~2.5Ga事件可能是由于长龙山期海侵超覆沉积使得~2.5Ga的露头被普遍覆盖所致。参照长龙山组下伏地层下马岭组报道的斑脱岩年龄,本文测得的最小谐和年龄(1.573Ga)并不能有效地约束其沉积时代的下限。对燕辽裂陷槽不同地区长龙山组或与之可对比地层的碎屑锆石年龄的对比研究表明,燕辽裂陷槽内部对上述构造事件响应存在差异,暗示了燕辽裂陷槽发育期内部古地理具有相当的复杂程度。秦皇岛柳江地区和辽东半岛青白口系长龙山组碎屑锆石年龄分布特征与燕辽裂陷槽内长龙山组存在的差异,很大程度上是受当时的古地理背景制约。     

Geological characteristics and tectonic signifcance of unconformities in Mesoproterozoic successions in the northern margin of the North China Block

Several stratigraphic breaks and unconformities exist in the Mesoproterozoic successions in the northern margin of the North China Block.Geologic characters and spatial distributions of fve of these unconformities,which have resulted from different geological processes,have been studied.The unconformity beneath the Dahongyu Formation is interpreted as a breakup unconformity,representing the time of transition from continental rift to passive continental margin.The unconformities beneath the Gaoyuzhuang and the Yangzhuang formations are considered to be the consequence of regional eustatic fuctuations,leading to the exposure of highlands in passive margins during low sea-level stands and transgressive deposition on coastal regions during high sea-level stands.The unconformity atop the Tieling Formation might be caused by uplift due to contractional deformation in a back-arc setting,whereas the uplift after the deposition of the Xiamaling Formation might be attributed to a continental collision event.It is assumed that the occurrences of these unconformities in the Mesoproterozoic successions in the northern margin of the North China Block had a close bearing on the assemblage and breakup of the Columbia and Rodinia supercontinents.     

The sedimentary record of a Mesoproterozoic tsunami from the North China Craton

A layer of Mesoproterozoic tsunami deposits from the North China Craton was recently discovered and investigated in the Xingcheng area, Liaoning Province, China. They occur at the bottom of the Dahongyu Formation of the Changcheng Group (1.8–1.6 Ga). The tsunami deposits are identified based on the analysis of the sedimentary facies. They are markedly different from the normal deposits of shore‐shallow sea siliciclastics, and are characterized by rip‐up clasts, poorly sorted gravels, fining‐upward sequences, redeposited underlying materials, complex sources of underlying strata and erosional bases at the bottom of beds. They are compelling features of tsunamiites when they occur together. During the Mesoproterozoic, the Xingcheng area was in an active tectonic belt, the Yanshan Taphrogenic Trough. The origin of the tsunami was probably triggered by the earthquake, which resulted from the the activities of the Luanxian–Jianchang Fault in early Mesoproterozoic times. The deposition of tsunamiites occurred in a coastal environment and involved several stages, from the origin, propagation, inundation, and deposition to the backwash flow. The geodynamic backgrounds of the tsunami event in the North China Craton are consistent with the breakup event of the Columbia supercontinent in the Mesoproterozoic. Some events, such as tsunamis and volcanism, are all controlled by extensional rift systems and should be recognized as effects of the breakup of the Columbia supercontinent in the North China Craton. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国晚前寒武纪年表和年代地层序列

本文依据2009年11月24日全国地层委员会前寒武纪分会扩大会议上形成的一个共识,对中国晚前寒武纪年表进行重新标定:即长城系限定在1.8～1.6Ga,包括常州沟组、串岭沟组、团山子组、大红峪组;蓟县系限定在1.6～1.4Ga,包括高于庄组、杨庄组、雾迷山组、洪水庄组、铁岭组;待建系1.4～1.0Ga,蓟县剖面上仅发育下马岭组;青白口系限定在1.0～0.78Ga,包括骆驼岭组和景儿峪组;南华系限定在780～635Ma及震旦系限定在635～542Ma。关于最新的江南古陆晚前寒武纪地层中的一系列锆石U-Pb数据,应标定在青白口系上部。另外,华北古陆上最新的锆石U-Pb测年结果,初步揭示华北古陆前寒武系火山岩省的存在和分布范围,结合全球大陆动力学的基本特征,有利于我们建立一个前寒武纪统一的、精确的和具有年代系统的高精度年龄的基础剖面。     

侵入下马岭组的基性岩床的锆石和斜锆石U-Pb精确定年——对华北中元古界地层划分方案的制约

华北克拉通马兰峪隆起北侧的下马岭组页岩中广泛发育辉绿岩床。分别利用高灵敏度、高精度的离子探针质谱法和同位素稀释热电离质谱法,测定了辉绿岩中锆石和斜锆石的U-Pb同位素年龄,获得了辉绿岩的侵位年龄1320Ma±6Ma。该年龄数据的获得制约了下马岭组的上限年龄不老于1320Ma。将下马岭组置于1400~1350Ma的区间内。综合已有的测年成果,对华北克拉通燕辽裂陷槽内中元古界的划分方案进行了厘定,提出了一个新的中元古界划分方案。建议方案中长城系包括常州沟组、串岭沟组、团山子组和大红峪组,时限为1800~1600Ma;蓟县系包括高于庄组、杨庄组、雾迷山组、洪水庄组和铁岭组,时限为1600~1400Ma;蓟县系之上1400~1000Ma期间的地层为待建系,亟需进一步研究。     

Hydrothermal Dolomite in the Upper Sinian (Upper Proterozoic) Dengying Formation,East Sichuan Basin,China

Hydrothermal Dolomite （HTD） is present in the Upper Sinian （Upper Proterozoic） Dengying Formation, east Sichuan Basin, China. The strata are comprised by primary dolomite. The HTD has various textures, including zebra dolomite, subhorizontal sheet-like cavities filled by saddle dolomite and breccias cemented by saddle dolomites as well occur as a fill of veins and fractures. Also co-occur MVT type lead-zinc ores in the study area. The δ13C and δ18O isotopes of HTD in the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation are lighter than those of the host rocks, while STSr/86Sr is higher. The apparent difference in carbon, oxygen and strontium isotopes, especially the large difference in S7Sr/S6Sr isotopes ratio indicate crystallization from hot basinal and/or hydrothermal fluids. Saddle dolomite was precipitated at temperatures of 270-320℃. The diagenetic parasequences of mineral assemblage deposited in the Dengying Formation are： （1） dolomite host rock →sphalerite-galena-barite-fluorite; （2） dolomite host rock →saddle dolomite →quartz; （3） dolomite host rock →saddle dolomite→bitumen; （4） dolomite host rock →saddle dolomite →barite. The mean chemical composition of the host dolomite matrix and HTD didn＇t change much during hydrothermal process. The fluids forming the HTDs in the Dengying Formation were mixtures of freshwater from the unconformity at the top of Sinian, fluids from diagenetic compaction and hydrocarbon generation ＆ expulsion from the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation mudstones or the Doushantuo Formation silty mudstones, and hydrothermal fluids from the basement. The hydrocarbon reservoirs associated with the HTD were mostly controlled by the basement faults and fractures and karsting processes at the unconformity separating Sinian and Cambrian strata. The hydrocarbon storage spaces of HTD included dissolved cavities and intercrystalline pores. Dissolution cavities are extensive at the top of Dengying Formation, up to about 46m below the unconformity between Sinian an     

Detrital Zircon Dating of Meso- and Neoproterozoic Rocks in North China and Its Implications

New dates from Meso- and Neoproterozoic strata contribute to the recently defined Precambrian stratigraphical timescale of China agreed by the Subcommission on the Precambrian System, and the National Commission on Stratigraphy of China on Nov. 24, 2009. First, the age range of the Changcheng System, including the Changzhougou, Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi and Dahongyu formations has been constrained to 1.8–1.6 Ga. Second, the Jixian System including the Gaoyuzhuang, Yangzhuang, Wumishan, Hongshuizhuang and Tieling formations has been constrained to 1.6–1.4 Ga. Third, an as-yet unnamed (undefined) system (1.4–1.0 Ga) is only developed in the Xiamaling Formation at the Jixian section, Tianjing. Fourth, the Qingbaikou System, including the Luotuoling and Jing’eryu formations has been constrained to 1.0–0.78 Ga. Fifth, the Nanhuan System ranges between 780–635 Ma, and the Sinian System is within 635–542 Ma. However, according to a series of SHRIMP U-Pb dates from the late Precambrian in the Jiangnan Orogen Belt in South China Platform, the constrained strata will be redefined as in the upper part of the Qingbaikou System. To aid global geodynamics, it is useful to denote a late Precambrian section with unified, precise and high-precision chronological dating; this is here defined in North China Block and Jiaoliao-Korean Block. However, the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou study in North China will be influence in whole Meso- and Neoproterozoic in the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt in between the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block in South China.     

湘黔交界娄山关组层序地层学研究

传统上认为湘黔交界处的中寒武统一下向陶统娄山关组为均一性极强的厚层白云岩,可分性极差。但笔者新近研究发现,其顶、底均为古岩溶不整合面,并有大量颗粒（鲕、豆、核形石）白支岩和藻纹层白云岩夹层,还有许多鸟眼构造、叠层石横行、交错层帐蓬构造存在。据其重向组合规律,将娄山关组分为三段。认为娄山关组由７个三级层序组成,层序界面为古岩溶不整合面或暴露带,每个序都由海进体系域和高水位体系域构成。     

川东北地区中三叠统雷口坡组四段古岩溶作用与储层分布

四川盆地东北部雷口坡组四段中的油气突破显示了其重要的油气地质意义。本文通过岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、测井和录井资料以及包裹体、碳氧同位素和锶同位素等分析测试资料的综合分析,在雷口坡组顶部不整合面剥蚀残余地层雷四段中识别出了同生岩溶、表生岩溶和埋藏岩溶三种类型的古岩溶作用,认为它们是控制川东北地区雷口坡组四段储层形成的关键要素。同生岩溶作用控制了早期储层的形成和分布,平面展布具有局限性,受到高能滩相带展布的控制。表生岩溶作用是该储层形成的关键作用,与其有关的储层在垂向上主要局限于不整合面以下90m的深度范围内。根据风化壳岩溶的垂向与横向发育特征,认为其储层在垂向上主要分布于地表岩溶带呈碎屑支持的角砾灰岩和云岩、垂直渗流带半充填的高角度溶缝以及中小型溶蚀孔洞和水平岩溶带半充填的中小型溶蚀孔洞、溶缝、洞顶破裂缝和河成角砾中,平面上主要发育于岩溶斜坡区,又以岩溶残丘为最有利微地貌单元。埋藏岩溶与热液及有机酸溶蚀碳酸盐矿物有关,是储层优化改造的关键因素。     

四川盆地及邻区晚震旦世古地理与构造—沉积环境演化

利用最新的地震资料、探井资料及区域地质资料等,结合前人的研究成果,建立四川盆地及邻区晚震旦世区域地层格架,编制晚震旦世各沉积时期构造—沉积环境图,并探讨构造—沉积演化过程。研究认为,四川盆地及邻区晚震旦世构造—沉积环境展布受基底构造限制,并具一定继承性。晚震旦世开始大规模的碳酸盐岩台地沉积,整体来看自西向东海域环境由浅变深,由古陆过渡至碳酸盐岩台地、向东至台地边缘—斜坡沉积泥质岩,至深水盆地相沉积硅质岩,各相带总体呈南西—北东走向。上震旦统灯影组一段（简称灯一段）沉积时期—灯二段沉积中期为填平补齐沉积充填过程;灯二段沉积时期末—灯三段沉积期在克拉通内拗陷盆地基础上初步形成了平缓的克拉通内部隆起;灯四段沉积时期伴随着海平面的下降,碳酸盐岩台地边界整体向东迁移。灯二、灯四段沉积时期末受桐湾运动两期抬升的影响,川中部分地区形成岩溶不整合面,盆地西部灯三、灯四段遭受强烈剥蚀。灯影组是四川盆地及邻区重要的油气储集层。