西藏浪卡子县也金嘎波金矿岩石地球化学特征

也金嘎波金矿位于冈底斯成矿带上,是对区域化探发现的Au、As多元素组合异常进行追踪发现的,属于热液型金矿床。矿区各类岩石Au、As、Sb、W、Hg、Ag、Bi、Pb元素平均值高于中国丰度值数倍以上,表明矿区具有丰富的物质来源基础。岩石地球化学研究证明,矿床地表发育Au、As、Sb等10多个元素组合异常。其中Au是成矿指示元素,As、Sb、W是密切伴生元素,Bi、Ag、Pb、Hg是一般的伴生元素。多元素组合异常浓度带发育,浓集中心互相套合叠置部位指示金矿(化)体位置。矿体指示元素(Au、As、Sb、W、Hg、Bi、Ag、Pb)异常分布在岩体、地层接触带和构造交汇处,显示金矿与岩浆活动、热液作用和断裂构造相关,属多次构造作用、岩浆热液叠加富集而成。该金矿床处在冈底斯成矿带内,此研究对该成矿带金异常的识别和查证,寻找新的金矿具有借鉴意义。     

贵州三都排正金矿床成矿元素赋存规律及成矿潜力评价

贵州三都—丹寨Hg-Au-Sb成矿带大地构造位于扬子克拉通黔南台陷与华南褶皱带西缘交界处,成矿带内断裂构造极其复杂,矿体延伸、展布明显受构造控制。排正金矿床位于该成矿带中南段,对其成矿有利靶区进行成矿元素地球化学样品分析,探讨成矿元素相关性和赋存状态,反演成矿机制。分析结果显示:(1)矿石中Au元素与As、Pb+Zn、Hg元素均具有正相关性,与Mo元素相关性不强;As元素与Hg、Pb+Zn、Mo元素均具有正相关性,表明矿床内载金矿物主要为毒砂。(2)该金矿床成矿物质主要来源于深部高温含矿岩浆热液,在热液沿构造断裂上移过程中萃取古老地层中成矿元素,As离子作为活化剂,在还原环境下富集成矿。(3)排正金矿床为一处以Au、Pb、Zn金属元素为主的多金属矿床,应加大对伴生Hg、Mo等金属元素的含矿性评价。     

李坝金矿田构造地球化学特征及其找矿意义

本文从野外地质实际出发 ,系统研究了区内广泛发育的断裂构造特征及其与金矿化的关系 ,将断裂分为三级 , 、 级断裂主要为导矿和配矿构造 ,NW、NWW向的 级断裂为最有利的赋矿构造。据此 ,以构造地球化学的观点为指导 ,借助计算机化探数据处理系统 ,对系统采集的构造地球化学样品的 17个元素分析成果进行系统研究和 R型聚类分析等处理 ,将构造与金矿化的关系转化为构造地球化学特征 ,进而转化为找矿指标。研究表明 :含矿 (赋矿 +矿化 )断裂的特征元素组合为 :Au、Ag、As、Sb、Pb;非矿断裂的特征元素组合为 :Cr、Mn、Ti、V。将已知的赋矿、矿化和非矿断裂作为母体 ,利用多类判别分析建立了非矿、矿化和赋矿断裂判别函数 ,对已知的 2 3条断裂进行判别分类 ,错判 3条 ,准确率为 87%。该成果已应用于实际找矿工作中 ,通过对 11处未知区构造的含矿性研究 ,系统采取构造地球化学样品和进行相应的多元素分析 ,经判别后指导找矿 ,共发现金矿体三条 ,矿化体五条 ,取得了良好的找矿效果     

化探方法成矿指示元素组合——以豫西牛头沟金矿为例

确定成矿指示元素组合是建立典型矿床地球化学找矿模型的关键步骤。豫西牛头沟金矿床是熊耳山地区近年来发现的大型金矿床之一,矿区矿体及蚀变带在地表出露,并严格受NW向断裂控制,属破碎蚀变岩型金矿。本文利用原生晕基岩和区域水系沉积物的化探数据分析,确定成（或找）矿指示元素组合,并提出利用中国水系沉积物元素含量中位值来确定指示元素的异常下限。基于矿区原生晕基岩元素含量分析,牛头沟金矿成矿指示元素组合为Au、W、Mo、Bi、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Ag、As、Sb、Hg、Co、Y、F,总计15项;根据矿区1:5万水系沉积物化探普查得到的元素异常特征,该区找矿指示元素组合也为上述15项元素;而根据1:20万区域化探元素异常特征,牛头沟金矿区找矿指示元素组合为Au、W、Mo、Bi、Pb、Zn、Cd、Ag、F、Co、Y,共11项。     

甘肃东海金矿床地球化学特征

东海金矿床位于甘肃北山重要的Au，Ag多金属成矿带上，具长期活动特征的花牛山-察客尔呼都格压扭性断裂横贯成矿带，成矿的有利位置为大断裂及次一级断层、层间裂隙(破碎蚀变带，局部夹有石英脉)，断裂控矿特征十分明显。原生晕以亲硫元素组合为主，亦有亲氧元素。金矿石以硫化物型为主，氧化物型次之，其元素组合以成矿元素Au，Ag，Pb，Zn和亲硫元素Cu，Sb，Mo为主，也有亲氧元素W，Sn。具有深部断裂剪切、挤压带地球化学元素组合特征。     

胶东山后金矿床地质体微量元素特征及找矿意义

对胶东招平断裂上的山后金矿34个钻孔进行了原生晕测量,分析了Au、Ag、cu、Pb、zn、As、Sb、Bi、Mo、Hg等10种元素,统计了胶东岩群、荆山群、玲珑花岗岩及招平断裂蚀变带中微量元素含量及变化.变质岩、花岗岩均富Bi、Ag,而贫Hg、Sb、Au、Cu、zn、As;胶东岩群、荆山群中金的丰度值相近,它们均为金矿的矿源岩;在招平断裂蚀变带中Au、Ag、Pb、Mo、Bi等元素出现了明显富集,而Cu、zn、Sb、Hg等元素没有富集,矿床多金属硫化物阶段不发育;根据聚类分析结果,Au与Ag、Cu、Pb、zn生成于不同的成矿期,招平断裂中的Au矿体形成于金成矿期,招平断裂上盘荆山群地层中的Au、Ag、cu、Pb、Zn多金属矿体形成于金银多金属成矿期;招平断裂北段的成矿条件要比南段好;根据As、Mo元素含量的变化,确定出山后金矿深部矿体预测的简单准则,并对金矿深部进行了简单成矿预测.     

基于构造叠加晕方法的内蒙古金厂沟梁金矿36号脉深部矿体预测

文章以构造叠加晕理论为指导,对金厂沟梁金矿36号脉已有的勘探工程进行系统采样,化验分析Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Sb、Hg、F、B、Ba、Bi、Mo、Mn、Co、Ni、W等元素含量,总结矿床元素组合、含矿构造中原生晕空间分布特征和矿床构造叠加晕特征,建立构造叠加晕盲矿预测模式及标志,在36号脉深部圈定2个盲矿找矿靶区,显示深部具有良好的找矿前景。     

甘肃省礼县崖湾金矿床地球化学异常特征

崖湾金矿位于秦岭活动带礼县-柞水被动陆缘带中段。区域构造主要为礼县-山阳深断裂及其分支断裂和石家河坝复式向斜。本文依据金矿区土壤、岩石测量数据,分别对岩性、含矿地段进行微量元素分布富集特征分析,矿床土壤中Au与Ag、Cu、Pb、As、Sb、Hg呈正相关关系;岩石中与Ag、As、Bi、Cu、Zn呈正相关关系。通过矿体不同标高探矿工程采样分析,初步总结出矿床原生晕的垂直分带序列Hg—Mo—Pb—Ag—Sb—Au—As—Zn—Cu—Bi,地球化学异常显示该矿区存在找金潜力。     

安徽张八岭构造带小庙山金矿容矿裂构造地球化学研究

张八岭构造带金矿包括蚀变构造岩型和石英脉型两类，两种类型金矿均完全受断裂控制，张八岭构造带内小庙山金矿断裂构造地球化学研究作用，蚀变构造岩型金矿容矿断裂构造分带良好，成矿元素组合为Fe,Cu,Pb,Zn,Au,Ag,Mn,Th,V等，为带入组份，相斥组份有Na2O,CaO,SiO2,Ba和Sr，以及K，构造强度与SiO2,K2O,Na2O,CaO呈明显负相关，为蚀变反应的生成物组份，从构造带中迁出，其中K部分为斜长石蚀变矿物绢云母接纳，构造活动越强，成矿元素越富，相斥元素迁出量越多，反映了构造活动－蚀变作用－成矿作用三位一体的特征。石英脉型金矿容矿断裂缺乏构造分带，成矿元素组合为K，As,Rb,Au等，无明显组份带出，两种类型金矿断裂构造地球化学的差异是它们成矿机理不同的结果，蚀变构造岩型金矿成矿作用与蚀变反应有关。成矿流体化学环境的变化是导致Au的沉淀主要因素，石英脉型金矿Au的沉淀主要原因是成矿流体物理环境的显著改变。     

多拉纳萨依金矿次生异常模式及找矿意义

多拉纳萨依金矿位于哈巴河—克兰华力西弧后盆地,是芮行健等以地质与化探综合方法找到的赋存于中泥盆统不纯灰岩与碎屑岩之间的层间断裂内,并与沿这些断裂侵入的斜长花岗岩脉密切相关的破碎带蚀变岩型金矿床.地球化学指示元素次生分散数学模型为;线形Au异常规模大、延伸达10多公里,并与反S形构造相吻合,其浓集中心清楚,峰值大于3g/t,明显反映金矿体的存在;Zn、Pb、As和Bi等异常规模大,而且也呈线形分布,并与Au异常相对应;相关分析表明,Pb、Zn、Bi和As分别与Au相关;因子分析结果,Au呈独立因子,而Pb、Zn和Tl构成一个因子。     

青海省枪口南银多金属矿床地质特征、控矿因素及矿床成因

枪口南银多金属矿床地处东昆仑多金属成矿带东段,枪口—哈龙休玛海西-燕山期铁、银、铅、锌、铜、金、钼成矿亚带部分,成矿地质条件优越。枪口南银多金属矿区目前已圈定9条矿化带,21个矿体,主要矿种有金、银、铜、铅、锌、钼等,矿石类型主要为构造热液(脉)型铜铅锌银矿石、构造蚀变岩型金矿石。枪口南矿区构造-岩浆活动强烈,印支期—燕山期构造岩浆活动为矿区成矿提供了热源、成矿物质,区内NE向断裂控制区内金、铜、铅锌等矿体的产出,NW向断裂组控制着区内金、银矿(化)体。NW向断裂组,是区内重要控矿构造;区内中部发现的Ⅳ号含矿斑岩体,具有斑岩型矿床蚀变特征,显示其具有斑岩成矿条件。枪口南银多金属矿床成因有构造热液(脉)型、构造蚀变岩型和斑岩型。     

河北省怀安县朱家洼矿区地球化学特征与找矿方向

河北怀安朱家洼矿区位于华北板块北缘中段太古宙、元古宙、中生代金银铅锌铁硫铁矿成矿带,为火山热液型金多金属矿。为查明该区成矿规律,明确找矿方向,在区内开展了水系沉积物测量、土壤地球化学测量等工作。通过对元素分布、元素相关性、元素异常等特征研究表明,Au、Mo为本区主成矿元素;各元素异常平面分布具有分带性,高温元素W、Sn、Bi异常位于骆驼山火山机构中心,中低温元素Pb、Zn、As、Ag等异常分布于火山机构边部及周边围岩中,成矿元素Au、Mo异常主要位于火山机构西侧围岩中。异常查证发现金钼矿化体2条,金钼矿化受火山机构和北西向构造带控制。依据成矿地质条件、地球化学异常及查证成果认为,朱家洼矿区Au、Mo成矿潜力大,火山机构西侧围岩区是该区重点找矿地段。     

LA-ICP-MS trace element analysis of pyrite from the Xiaoqinling gold district, China: Implications for ore genesis

The Xiaoqinling district, the second largest gold producing district in China, is located on the southern margin of the North China Craton. It consists of three ore belts, namely, the northern ore belt, the middle ore belt and the southern ore belt. Pyrite from the Dahu gold deposit in the northern ore belt and Wenyu and Yinxin gold deposits in the southern ore belt were investigated using a combination of ore microscopy and in-situ laser-ablation inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). A range of trace elements was analyzed, including Au, Te, Ag, Pb, Bi, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Mo, Hg, As and Si. The results show that there are no systematic differences between the trace element compositions of pyrite in the three deposits from different ore belts. In general, Au concentrations in pyrite are low (from < 0.01 ppm to 2.2 ppm) but Ni concentrations are rather high (up to 8425 ppm). A four-stage mineralization process is indicated by microscopic and field observations and this can be related to the systematic trace element differences between distinct generations of pyrite. Stage I precedes the main gold mineralization stage; pyrite of this stage has the lowest Au concentrations. Stages II and III contributed most of the gold to the ore-forming system. The corresponding pyrite yielded the highest concentrations of Au and Ni. Our microscopic observations suggest that pyrite in the main gold mineralization stage precipitated simultaneously with molybdenite that has been previously dated as Indosinian (~ 218 Ma by Re–Os molybdenite dating), indicating the Indosinian as the main gold mineralization stage. The Indosinian mineralization age and the geological and geochemical features of these gold deposits (e.g., low salinity, CO₂-rich ore fluids; spatial association with large-scale compressional structures of the Qinling orogen; δ¹⁸O and δD data suggestive of mixing between metamorphic and meteoric waters; δ³⁴S and Pb-isotopic data that point to a mixed crustal-mantle source) all point to typical orogenic-type gold deposits. High Ni concentrations (up to 8425 ppm) of pyrite possibly linked to deep-seated mafic/ultramafic metamorphic rocks provide further evidence on the orogenic gold deposit affinity, but against the model of a granitic derivation of the mineralizing fluid as previously suggested by some workers. Generally low Au concentration in pyrite is also consistent with those from worldwide orogenic gold deposits. Therefore, the gold mineralization in the Xiaoqinling district is described as orogenic type, and is probably related to Indosinian collision between the North China Craton and the Yangtze Craton.     

河南洛宁县西青岗坪金矿区地球化学异常的找矿意义

熊耳山金矿田内的区域性七里坪—星星阴含矿大断裂带上及其附近分布着Au、Pb为主的带状异常,通过资源潜力评价项目对其中段的西青岗坪矿区开展地球化学调查,查明了该区土壤地球化学的基本特征,在综合异常剖析、成矿因素分析和找矿预测区划分的基础上,认为优势矿种为金、铅、锌,并具有利的赋矿环境及找矿潜力。     

Types,features, and prospecting potential for Mesozoic metal ore deposits in Zhejiang Province,southeast China

The geotectonic units of Zhejiang Province include the Yangtze Plate in the northwest juxtaposed against the South China fold system in the southeast along the Jiangshan–Shaoxing fault. The South China fold system is further divided into the Chencai–Suichang uplift belt and the Wenzhou–Linhai geotectogene belt, whose boundary is the Yuyao–Lishui fault. The corresponding metallogenic belts are the Mo–Au(–Pb–Zn–Cu) metallogenic belt in northwest Zhejiang, the Chencai–Suichang Au–Ag–Pb–Zn–Mo metallogenic belt, and the coastal Ag–Pb–Zn–Mo–Au metallogenic belt. The main Mesozoic metal ore deposits include epithermal Au–Ag(Ag), hydrothermal vein-type Ag–Pb–Zn(Cu), and porphyry–skarn-type Mo and vein-type Mo deposits. These ore bodies are related to the Mesozoic volcanic-intrusive structure: the epithermal Au–Ag(Ag) deposits are represented by the Zhilingtou Au–Ag deposit and Houan Ag deposit and their veins are controlled by volcanic structure; the hydrothermal vein-type Ag–Pb–Zn deposits are represented by the Dalingkou Ag–Pb–Zn deposit and also controlled by volcanic structure; and the porphyry–skarn-type Mo deposits are represented by the Tongcun Mo deposit and the vein-type Mo deposits are represented by the Shipingchuan Mo deposit, all of which are related to granite porphyries. These metal ore deposits have close spatio-temporal relationships with each other; both the epithermal Au–Ag(Ag) deposits and the hydrothermal vein-type Ag–Pb–Zn deposits exhibit vertical zonations of the metallic elements and form a Mo–Pb–Zn–Au–Ag metallogenetic system. These Jurassic–Cretaceous deposits may be products of tectonic-volcanic-intrusive magmatic activities during the westward subduction of the Pacific Plate. Favourable metallogenetic conditions and breakthroughs in the recent prospecting show that there is great resource potential for porphyry-type deposits (Mo, Cu) in Zhejiang Province.     

东昆仑东段杨树沟金矿地质特征及找矿方向

杨树沟金矿位于东昆仑成矿省伯喀里克-香日德印支期金、铅、锌、铁、石墨（铜、稀有、稀土）成矿带的东段.矿体严格受近东西向、北东向断裂构造控制.成矿类型为构造蚀变岩型金矿床,成矿时代为印支早期.矿区中已发现的金矿带深部及矿区东南部断裂发育地区具有较好的找矿空间,下一步工作应针对含矿构造破碎带,采用探矿工程与化探工作相结合等手段开展矿区东南部及深部找矿工作,寻找金矿体,争取该矿区找矿的更大突破.     

甘肃寨上金矿床成矿特征与形成机理

位于西秦岭礼(县)-岷(县)成矿带西段的寨上金矿床,是近年发现的一个大型微细浸染型金矿床。矿床赋存于中泥盆统和下二叠统,为一套由石英砂岩、粉砂岩、钙质板岩和灰岩组成的浊积岩建造。金矿体明显受断裂构造的控制。矿石中矿物组成相当丰富,既有大量硫化物、硫盐、氧化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、钨酸盐,又有碲化物、自然金属及多金属互化物。矿石中矿物种类较多、组成较复杂以及存在显微自然金,是寨上金矿床的特色。稀土元素配分型式以及硫、铅、碳、氧、氢等同位素组成等表明,成矿金属物质、硫和碳主要来自赋矿岩石和下伏地层,同时还有深部岩浆物质的参与。成矿溶液主要来自加热的循环地下水。矿化和蚀变作用是在水/岩比值较低的体系中进行的。成矿温度主要集中在120～240℃范围内。赋矿围岩中含Fe碳酸盐矿物溶解释放Fe以及溶解Fe的大量硫化物化,是寨上金矿床中存在显微可见自然金的最重要因素和金沉淀富集的有利条件。     

Sensitive High-Resolution Ion Microprobe U-Pb Zircon and 40Ar-39Ar Muscovite Ages of the Yinshan Deposit in the Northeast Jiangxi Province, South China

The Yinshan deposit in the Jiangnan tectonic belt in South China consists of Pb‐Zn‐Ag and Cu‐Au ore bodies. This deposit contains approximately 83 Mt of the Cu‐Au ores at 0.52% Cu and 0.8 g/t Au, and 84 Mt of the Pb‐Zn‐Ag ores at 1.25% Pb, 1.02% Zn and 33.3 g/t Ag. It is hosted by low‐grade metamorphosed sedimentary rocks and mafic volcanic rocks of the lower Mesoproterozoic Shuangqiaoshan Group, and continental volcanic rocks of the Jurassic Erhuling Group and dacitic subvolcanic rocks. The ore bodies mainly consist of veinlets of sulfide minerals and sulfide‐disseminated rocks, which are divided into Cu‐Au and Pb‐Zn‐Ag ore bodies. The Cu‐Au ore bodies occur in the area close to a dacite porphyry stock (No. 3 stock), whereas Pb‐Zn‐Ag bodies occur in areas distal from the No. 3 stock. Muscovite is the main alteration mineral associated with the Cu‐Au ore bodies, and muscovite and chlorite are associated with the Pb‐Zn‐Ag ores. A zircon sensitive high‐resolution ion microprobe U‐Pb age from the No. 3 dacite stock suggests it was emplaced in Early Jurassic. Three ⁴⁰Ar‐³⁹Ar incremental‐heating mineral ages from muscovite, which are related to Cu‐Au and Pb‐Zn‐Ag mineralization, yielded 179–175 Ma. These muscovite ages indicate that Cu‐Au mineralization occurred at 178.2±1.4 Ma (2σ), and Pb‐Zn‐Ag mineralization at 175.4±1.2 Ma (2σ) and 175.3±1.1 Ma (2σ), which supports a restricted period for the mineralization. The Early Jurassic ages for the mineralization at Yinshan are similar to that of the porphyry Cu mineralization at Dexing in Jiangnan tectonic belt, and suggest that the polymetallic mineralization occurred in a regional transcompressional tectonic regime.