西昌锦屏地区的旅游地质资源

作为一种新兴的旅游形式，地质旅游因以地质考察与旅游活动的有机结合而达到追求返璞归真与休闲猎奇的目的。本文重点介绍了西昌锦屏地区的几处自然景点和地质旅游路线。该地区的自然、地质景观极具开发潜力。     

北京西山地区岩溶地质旅游路线设置

北京西山地区岩溶形态类型典型,景观独特,发展岩溶地质旅游具有得天独厚的优势,根据其岩溶发育的特点和类型及地理位置、交通情况,可设置５条各具特色的岩溶地质旅游路线。      

三清山地区的花岗岩地质遗产与建立地质科学园区的构想

三清山地区位处欧亚大陆东南部的扬子古板块与华夏古板块的结合带，具有十多亿年的地质构造演化发展历史。区内地质遗产丰富，特别是与花岗岩有关的系列地质遗产，世界罕见。保存有中一新元古代蛇绿混杂岩、大洋斜长花岗岩、蓝闪石片岩等古大洋与古板块碰撞遗迹。在中生代时期，不仅出露了陆内A型俯冲形成的“I-A”三种类型花岗岩，其演化序列完整、特征典型；还发生了大规模的花岗岩成矿作用，形成了世界著名的铜金为主的多金属矿田，已探明3个超大型铜、金、钽铌矿床和多个大型金属矿床，是研究花岗岩、特别是陆内深俯冲造山带花岗岩的重要科学园地。三清山地区的花岗岩微地貌景观类型多样、造型奇特，是一个天然的花岗岩微地貌博物馆，也是世界花岗岩地貌景观中最杰出的代表。三清山地区是世界上不可多得的地球科学研究的理想基地，具有建立以三清山为中心、以20～50km为半径的地质科学园区之条件，根据其地质自然遗产的类型和空间分布特征，可划分为七大地学园区即：三清山式花岗岩地质景观区、怀玉山式花岗岩地质景观区、灵山式花岗岩地质景观区、三清湖岩溶景观区、德兴矿山地质公园区、张村樟树墩新元古代板块构造景观带、玉山常山金钉子地层古生物景观区等。     

黄山世界地质公园花岗岩研讨会在黄山召开

花岗岩是地球上分布最广泛的火成岩,它是研究地球发展演化历史的最佳物证,其地质景观还是极为重要的旅游资源。黄山是中国花岗岩名山,是世界地质公园中花岗岩地质地貌景观的代表,提高黄山研究水平是一项重要工作。在安徽省国土资源厅、黄山世界地质公园管委会的支持下,以陈安泽先生为组长的“黄山花岗岩地质地貌景观形成演化与对比研究”课题已经完成。     

西藏门巴地区地质旅游资源和开发建议

西藏门巴地区地质旅游资源十分丰富,其地理位置、交通条件、自然和社会环境都十分有利于旅游业的发展。地质旅游资源包括沉积与构造、地貌景观、自然变动遗迹和泉四大亚类,分布在6条旅游路线上。这些地质旅游资源大部分是首次发现的,需进一步开发、评价和保护。     

海南国际旅游岛视野下的滨海地质旅游发展思路

以地质公园为主要载体的滨海地质旅游开发是丰富国际旅游岛自然科学内涵的重要途径之一,对于海南滨海生态保护和现有旅游产品结构体系升级与改善具有重要意义。本研究采用文献综述及案例研究方法,以海南国际旅游岛为视野角度,对国内外滨海地质旅游研究和发展现状进行分析和总结,其实践经验给海南省地质旅游开发以启示,如资源普查登记、保持地质景观资源的原真性、政府主导下进行地质旅游开发等。结合国际旅游岛战略目标,基于其现有资源、政策等优势,地质旅游是海南省旅游产业发展的路径选择。本研究基于国内外成功经验的启示和海南省滨海地质旅游资源优势,提出了政府主导、企业运作、社区参与的滨海地质旅游发展思路。     

河南省地质旅游发展促进会创立大会在郑州召开

本刊讯6月21日．河南省地质旅游发展促进会创立大会在郑州召开。这是全国第一家地质旅游发展促进会。国土资源部有关领导和专家,河南省及省直部门领导,全省有关市、县领导,相关协会,省地质旅游促进会有关领导和会员代表及有关专家130余人出席成立大会。     

河北省旅游资源类型及区划

以地质、地貌、地质遗迹为基础，介绍河北地质、地貌、洞穴、水体、生态、人文古迹等旅游资源类型及分布，进而做出规律性的区划，为河北省旅游业的发展和建设提供基础资料。     

西藏浪卡子-洛扎地区地质旅游资源和开发建议

西藏浪卡子-洛扎地区地质旅游资源丰富,地理位置、交通条件和社会环境都十分有利于当地旅游业的发展。本文将该区划分为四个地质旅游区,大部分旅游资源是首次发现。     

湖南省主要花岗岩风景地貌及旅游开发价值

花岗岩是湖南省最为发育的一类岩浆岩，由于花岗岩岩性及构造条件的不同，造就了独特的地质地貌景观。本文以南岳衡山、宜章莽山、城步南山、宁远九嶷山、浏阳大围山风景旅游地为例，简述了湖南省几例主要花岗岩风景地貌特色及其旅游开发价值。     

Urban Planning in Hong Kong and Integration with the Pearl River Delta: A Historical Account of Local Development

This paper shows the importance that urban planning plays in the development of Hong Kong. This leads to a reassessment of the role of the government, which is the sole proprietor of the land, in the economy – while it acknowledges the importance of market forces. The first part shows how, since 1945, Hong Kong authorities have been obliged to intervene more in urban planning and local development, despite their liberal ideology. The second part focuses on the interaction between government action and market forces, and their influence in this development. The third part deals with the question of the economic integration between Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) after China started its economics reforms in 1978. The deconcentration of Hong Kong industries to China was mainly due to market forces, but provided a new role for the government. This role is analyzed through its transportation policy – the domain with the most visible governmental intervention before and after 1997. It indicates the preference of the government to develop the territory rather than better integration with the PRD, because of the internal economic problems that may emerge from this integration. Nevertheless, for political and economic reasons, this integration is also seen as necessary. The future of Hong Kong’s economy lies in the answers the authorities will give to this dilemma.     

Urban Planning in Hong Kong and Integration with the Pearl River Delta: A Historical Account of Local Development

This paper shows the importance that urban planning plays in the development of Hong Kong. This leads to a reassessment of the role of the government, which is the sole proprietor of the land, in the economy – while it acknowledges the importance of market forces. The first part shows how, since 1945, Hong Kong authorities have been obliged to intervene more in urban planning and local development, despite their liberal ideology. The second part focuses on the interaction between government action and market forces, and their influence in this development. The third part deals with the question of the economic integration between Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) after China started its economics reforms in 1978. The deconcentration of Hong Kong industries to China was mainly due to market forces, but provided a new role for the government. This role is analyzed through its transportation policy – the domain with the most visible governmental intervention before and after 1997. It indicates the preference of the government to develop the territory rather than better integration with the PRD, because of the internal economic problems that may emerge from this integration. Nevertheless, for political and economic reasons, this integration is also seen as necessary. The future of Hong Kong’s economy lies in the answers the authorities will give to this dilemma.     

Fforest Fawr Geopark—a UNESCO Global Geopark distinguished by its geological,industrial and cultural heritage

The creation of the European Geoparks Network in 2000 was followed by the establishment of the Global Geoparks Network in 2004, incorporating the European Geoparks Network. On November 17, 2015, UNESCO sanctioned the creation of a new designation, the UNESCO Global Geoparks, as part of UNESCO’s new International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme (IGGP). This is the first initiative of its kind to be established by UNESCO for 40 years and is the result of effective networking among geoparks and their partners aiming to achieve significant progress in geo-conservation, geotourism, environmental education and sustainable local development.Geoparks are located primarily in rural areas which are both remote and underdeveloped or which have experienced economic decline. In order to become a UNESCO Global Geopark, a geopark must demonstrate that it has a significant geological heritage, has well defined boundaries and is large enough to support a sustainable strategy for economic development based upon that heritage. In addition to its geology, a geopark should also make use of sites of archaeological, ecological, historical or cultural significance as these are often linked to the underlying geology. The ultimate objective of a UNESCO Global Geopark is to use the designation as a vehicle to engage communities in protecting these assets in ways which contribute to the economic development of their territory.The Fforest Fawr Geopark, the first geopark in Wales, became a member of the European and Global Geoparks Networks in 2005 and a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2015. The geopark was established in the western area of the Brecon Beacons National Park because that area has a strong identity in terms of its geology and Welsh industrial and cultural heritage. In addition, while the eastern area of the National Park was a more popular tourist destination, the area designated as the geopark was less well known, more remote in character, and economically less prosperous.The geopark’s approximately 480 million year geological heritage provides a resource for developing geotourism and for educational activities. Nearly 11,500 years of human activity created a cultural landscape in which ancient monuments contrast with the relicts of industrial activity. With the coming of the Industrial Revolution the geological resources of Fforest Fawr were systematically exploited for over 200 years to supply South Wales’s expanding metal industry. During this time mining, quarrying and brick making contributed to wealth creation and South Wales was a major player in the new industrial age which changed the world. The area of Fforest Fawr Geopark, with its close association to the South Wales Coalfield played a significant role in global industrial history.In addition, the rich culture of the geopark’s early inhabitants comes to life in myths and legends and some of Europe’s oldest stories and myths are associated with the area of Fforest Fawr Geopark.     

中国香港国家地质公园的资源类型与建设特色

以香港郊野公园和海岸公园为基础建立的中国香港国家地质公园具有典型而独特的地质遗迹,包括世界罕见的酸性火山岩柱状节理景观,多类的地质构造遗迹,典型的海岸地貌类型和优美的海岛自然风光,已经成为了地质科学知识普及基地和游览胜地.在香港地质公园申报、建设和发展过程中,无论是特区政府还是公园管理者,在许多方面体现了明显的特点.正...     

Assessment of soil radon potential in Hong Kong, China, using a 10-point evaluation system

Radon and its progenies have been ranked second of being responsible for lung cancer in humans. Hong Kong has four major groups of uranium-rich plutonic and volcanic rocks and is suffering from radon emanated therefrom. However, there is a lack of radon potential maps in Hong Kong to resolve the spatial distribution of radon-prone areas. A ten-point radon potential system was developed in Germany (2005) to predict radon potential using both the in situ geogenic and geographic parameters under hierarchical ranking. Primarily, the ten-point system requires the desk study of the geological environment of sampling sites, which has an advantage of saving resources and manpower in extensive radon potential mapping over the traditional soil radon concentration sampling method. This paper presents a trial of radon potential mapping in Hong Kong to further verify the system. Despite some slight departures, the system demonstrates an acceptable correlation with soil radon concentrations (R ² = 0.62–0.66) from 768 samples of mainly intermediate radon potential. Hong Kong has a mean soil radon concentrations of 58.9 kBqm^?3, while the radon potential from the ten-point system achieves an average of 4.93 out of 10 over the territory. The vicinity of fault zone showed high soil radon concentrations and potentials, which were conducive to uranium enrichment and rapid soil-gas diffusion near faults. High uranium-238 content in soil was found to cause high soil radon concentration with a large R ², 0.84. The Jurassic granite and volcanic crystal tuff cover more than 85 % of the whole Hong Kong area, and they show relatively high radon concentrations (Geometric mean 83 and 49 kBqm^?3, respectively) which are associated with their high uranium contents (Geometric mean 234 and 197 Bqkg^?1, respectively). While indoor radon concentration is an important factor for radon risk assessment, this study has not considered the correlation between indoor radon concentration and radon potential. The reason is that almost all buildings in Hong Kong are high-rise buildings where indoor radon concentrations are governed only by the radium content in the building materials and the ventilation conditions.     

Industrial relocation of Hong Kong manufacturing firms: towards an expanding industrial space beyond the Pearl river delta

This paper explores the recent industrial relocation of Hong Kong manufacturing firms in the Pearl River Delta. Based on a combination of recent surveys, four in-depth case studies and nearly 20 firm interviews through the end of 2008, the paper argues that in response to a dynamic business environment in the region, some Hong Kong manufacturing firms in the PRD are forced to design new spatial strategies. The paper also identifies the different relocation strategies adopted by Hong Kong manufacturing firms, namely, total relocation, stratified relocation and “pseudo relocation”. The industrial space of Hong Kong manufacturing firms will be expanded beyond the PRD. In addition, the new round of relocation of Hong Kong manufacturers is a response to the initiative ushered in by the provincial and local governments in order to achieve the objectives of industrial upgrading, sustainable environment and regional balanced development.     

香港的水工环地质工作

香港水工环地质工作发展的一些情况，主要论及到基础地质工作、土地利用规划、地下空间开发、水资源管理、岩土工程、环境保护和管理及工程地质编图等方面。     

The Geological Significance of a Tuffite Interlayer in the Cretaceous Port Island Formation in Northeastern Hong Kong

The Port Island Formation(PIF), a typical Cretaceous red bed in Hong Kong, is dominated by non-fossiliferous, reddish clastic rocks, making it difficult to determine the sedimentary age of PIF precisely. Previous studies assigned the PIF to Late Cretaceous provisionally only on the basis of its stratigraphic sequence and lithology. This study identified a tuffite interlayer in the PIF and a zircon UPb age of 128.2±2.7 Ma by LA-ICP-MS method was obtained. It's the first time to date the depositional age of the PIF with a reliable chronological constraint. With the support of stratigraphic evidence, we concluded that the geological age of PIF should be Early Cretaceous rather than Late Cretaceous. Based on the volcanic history of Hong Kong and Southeast China and the distribution of the PIF in Mirs Bay, it is believed that there was no volcanic activity in Hong Kong in ca. 128 Ma. The tuffite interlayer discovered in PIF was formed by the deposition of volcanic ash, which might originate from remote region outside Hong Kong, in an aquatic environment on Port Island. The identification of the tuffite interlayer, as the response to a volcanic event, has great significance not only to the studies of establishment and regional correlation of the strata system and the geological evolution in Hong Kong,but also to the study of volcanic activities in Southeast China.     

Regional and local factors in attenuation modelling: Hong Kong case study

Seismic attenuation behaviour is controlled by a large number of wave modification mechanisms. The characteristics of some of these mechanisms are specific to a local area, whilst the remainder can be generalised to the entire seismic region. Factors representing these mechanisms are often not resolved. A new attenuation modelling approach is demonstrated in this paper (using Hong Kong as a case study), to evaluate individual regional and local wave modification factors. Shear wave velocity (SWV) information for the four prevalent geological formations found in Hong Kong was first obtained: (a) at shallow depths from instrumented boreholes; (b) at depths of up to 100–200 m from measurements using the Microtremor SPatial Auto-Correlation (SPAC) technique; (c) at depths of up to 1.5 km from the monitoring of quarry blasts; and (d) at depths from 1.5 to 8 km in the hard basement rock layers from results of seismological refraction surveys. The upper-crust amplification factor calculated from the four modelled rock SWV profiles was then combined with predicted attenuation parameters to determine the upper-crust modification factor (filter function) incorporating the local wave modification characteristics associated with Hong Kong geological formations. Such functions may then be combined with the regional attenuation characteristics in that part of the South China region. A seismic attenuation model was developed by combining the upper-crust modification factor with the regional source function of intra-plate earthquakes, based on stochastic simulations. The ground shaking model developed from the presented methodology is supported by the comparison with macro-seismic data of seven historical earthquake events affecting Hong Kong.