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1.
煤中有机质二次生烃迟滞性及其反应动力学机制   总被引:25,自引:1,他引:24       下载免费PDF全文
秦勇  张有生 《地球科学》2000,25(3):278-282
采用自然成熟度系列与其预热残渣系列样品相结合方式, 通过热解模拟方法, 对煤中有机质二次生烃迟滞性显现特征和化学反应动力学机制进行了探讨.结果表明: 二次生烃起始成熟度增高, 二次生烃峰位成熟度呈规律性后移, 二次生烃作用“死线”位于Ro=4.0 %左右; 二次生烃峰位成熟度与起始成熟度之差随起始成熟度的增高呈抛物线式演化, 二次生烃的绝对迟滞性和相对迟滞性均呈阶段性演化, 由此可对二次生烃迟滞深度进行预测; 二次生烃半峰宽随起始成熟度呈阶段性演化, 暗示二次生烃起始成熟度位于生油高峰附近的烃源岩, 其生烃量可能相对较大.同时, 原始样品平均活化能的演化经历了4个阶段, 它们与热解生烃量及二次生烃迟滞性的阶段性演化特征高度吻合, 揭示出二次生烃作用严格受控于反应动力学的地球化学机制.   相似文献   

2.
二次生烃是指停止生烃的烃源岩再次被深埋,并且受热温度超过一次生烃的最大温度,达到二次生烃门限时又重新开始生烃。主要生烃物质有干酪根及其衍生的丝沥青、可溶有机质,包裹体有机质、晶包有机质、固体沥青、一次生烃形成的吸附有机质以及缝合线有机质等。不管二次生烃起始成熟度是否达到一次生烃高峰所对应的成熟度,其二次生烃曲线均有一个相对的生烃高峰,而且二次生烃起始成熟度越高,生烃高峰就越迟,高峰值也相对较小。对于二次生烃的数量、演化路径以及生烃始点等关键问题仍存在分歧,今后应在热模拟实验的基础上,结合化学动力学和数值模拟方法,进一步加强碳酸盐岩二次生烃理论的研究。  相似文献   

3.
二连盆地海相烃源岩主要为海槽沉积的石炭系—二叠系泥岩和碳酸盐岩。根据盆地周缘69个露头剖面样品的残余有机碳含量等地球化学实验数据,分析了石炭系—二叠系海相烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型、热演化程度。针对地表烃源岩样品具有高热演化、低丰度的地球化学特征,在有机质丰度的热解损失和地表风化损失校正基础上,采用TSM盆地模拟技术计算烃源岩生烃强度。综合分析认为,二连盆地石炭系—二叠系海相烃源岩具有低—中等级别的生烃能力。  相似文献   

4.
<正> 二次生烃作用是指烃源岩在地质历史过程中所受温度降低以后,导致生烃作用(一次生烃作用)停止,当所受温度再次升高,并达到合适的热动力学条件时,烃源岩再次生烃的过程。张有生等所做的热模拟实验结果表明,烃源岩二次生烃的演化轨迹不同于一次连续演化生烃,也不是沿着一次生烃的演化轨迹继续进行下去的,它有特定的规律性,主要体现在以下几个方面。(1)二次生烃高峰具有迟滞性。模拟结果表明,在沉积初始成熟度 R_o 小于2.0%以前,二次生烃存在一个生烃高峰,而且,初始成熟度在生烃高峰  相似文献   

5.
为研究海相烃源岩二次生烃规律和塔里木盆地生排烃规律,以塔里木盆地奥陶系烃源岩为研究对象,首先通过构造-热演化史和生烃史研究得出,塔里木盆地典型构造单元奥陶系烃源岩具有二次生烃的特征,并且起始成熟度和生烃期次不同。然后选取自然条件下演化至不同起始成熟度的奥陶系海相烃源岩,采用热压模拟实验方法系统研究其二次生烃规律。研究表明:塔里木盆地奥陶系海相烃源岩二次生烃的主控因素是起始成熟度,二次生烃产率随起始成熟度增加规律性减小;低成熟和中成熟烃源岩具有大量生排油气潜力,出现相对延迟的生油高峰,高成熟烃源岩没有大量生油和生气的能力;两次不连续生烃量与一次连续生烃量的差值也受起始成熟度控制,具有阶段性;起始成熟度在低成熟到成熟阶段时,二次不连续生烃过程会增加烃源岩的生烃量,使生烃潜力增加,而高成熟阶段以后,二次不连续生烃过程就会减少烃源岩的生烃量,使生烃潜力减小。  相似文献   

6.
沉积有机质二次生烃热模拟实验研究   总被引:23,自引:2,他引:23  
自然演化系列与热模拟演化(预热残渣)系列样品的有机结合研究表明,沉积有机质二次生烃作用不是沿着一次生烃的演化轨迹继续进行下去,在Ro<2.0%的范围内,不管起始成熟度如何,二次生烃均存在一个生烃高峰,二次生烃高峰与一次连续演化生烃高峰相比,具有迟滞性,起始成熟度越高,迟滞性越强。沉积有机质二次生烃量与初始成熟度和二次生烃终止成熟度密切相关,起始成熟度处于成熟早期—中期(Ro0.5%~0.9%),二次累积生烃量大于一次连续生烃量,且随起始成熟度增高,二者差值越来越大;反之,起始成熟度介于成熟中期—晚期(Ro0.9%~1.3%)时,二者差值越来越小;起始成熟度过“生油死线”以后,累积二次生烃量快速减少,转而低于一次连续演化生烃量。热模拟显示二次生烃反应活化能的演化经历了4个阶段,与二次生烃显现特征的演化规律相吻合,揭示了二次生烃作用严格受控于反应动力学机制。沉积有机质二次生烃量的演化规律研究为存在二次生烃的含油气盆地勘探提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
<正> 二次生烃是指烃源岩在受热温度降低导致一次生烃历程被中止后,受热温度再次增高并达到有机质再次活化所需的临界热动力学条件,烃源岩再次发生生烃演化。广义上,烃源岩在地质历史时期可能经历过多次的生烃中止与活化,发生三次甚至更多次数的生烃作用。李田忠等将一次生烃之后的历次生烃作用统称为二次生烃。伴随荧光分析技术的逐步完善,人们发现了蓝移现象,在进行二次生烃热模拟实验时,发现随着热模拟温度的升高,荧光颜色出现蓝移。当烃源岩原始成熟度超过生油窗上界时,显微组分荧光应该消失,但在试验中却发现显微组分仍具荧光。实际的蓝移现象是两种:一种指的是随着激发时间的增  相似文献   

8.
为解决六盘山盆地白垩系马东山组生烃潜力不明、烃源岩演化不清等问题,依据岩心有机地球化学分析测试数据,对宁固参1井烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型、成熟度进行了研究,评价了马东山组烃源岩的生烃潜力。结果表明:马东山组烃源岩有机质丰度中等—低,类型主要为Ⅱ2型和Ⅲ型,热演化程度处于低成熟—成熟阶段,以生油为主。该研究结果对六盘山盆地的烃源岩地球化学特征、生烃潜力评价、预测油气有利区具有指导作用。  相似文献   

9.
渤海湾盆地青东凹陷古近纪烃源岩热演化史研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  

以地震、测井、录井及地球化学资料为基础,本文采用Easy-R o 方法对渤海湾盆地青东凹陷进行了古地温反演,计算
了该地区的古地温梯度,并进一步利用人工取井和盆地模拟方法,确定了沙四上亚段和沙三下亚段烃源岩的成熟度和展布
特征,预测了有利生烃区带的分布。结果表明,青东地区的古地温梯度为3.8℃ /100 m;沙四上亚段烃源岩的成熟度较高,
进入成熟- 高成熟阶段;沙三下亚段的烃源岩成熟度相对较小,为成熟- 低成熟阶段;纵向上,沙四上亚段较沙三上亚段生
烃范围大、烃源岩成熟度高;横向上,主要的生烃区带集中在青东凹陷主体洼陷地区(北部断阶带、北次洼、南次洼、中
次洼)以及青南洼陷,青东凹陷西斜坡地区未进入生烃门限。  相似文献   


10.
惠民凹陷上古生界烃源岩的生烃动力学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以化学动力学方法定量评价烃源岩是近些年发展起来的一种新方法。本文采用金管-高压釜封闭体系研究了惠民凹陷上古生界烃源岩(碳质泥岩)生烃动力学,取得了热解产物C1和C2~C5烃类气体组分生成动力学参数,结合Kinetics生烃动力学专用软件计算,模拟了具体地质条件下的成烃规律。结果表明,生成CH4所需活化能较高,分布范围较宽;随着碳数的增加(C2~C5),所需活化能与甲烷相反。结合惠民凹陷埋藏史与受热史,烃源岩发生过二次生烃过程,模拟计算结果与实际地质背景相吻合,指出古地温演化模式对烃源岩的生烃行为有重要的影响。生烃动力学参数为计算含油气盆地烃源岩油气生成量提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

11.
Significant differential hydrocarbon enrichment occurs in depressions in a petroliferous basin.There are multiple depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, and each depression as a relatively independent unit of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation, contains significantly different hydrocarbon generation conditions and enrichment degree. On the basis of previous documents and a large number of statistical data, this work comparatively analyzed the differential hydrocarbon enrichment and its major controlling factors in depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin have various hydrocarbon enrichment degrees, and can be categorized into four types, namely enormously oil-rich, oil-rich, oily and oil-poor depressions. In general, the enormously oil-rich and oil-rich depressions are distributed in the eastern part of the basin along the Tan-Lu and Lan-Liao faults, whereas depressions in the western part of the basin are poor in hydrocarbons. Moreover, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons is also highly heterogeneous, with Pre-Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the northern and western depressions, Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the entire basin, and Neogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the off-shore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin. From early depressions in onshore areas to the late depressions in offshore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, the source rocks and source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages gradually become younger and shallower, and the hydrocarbon resource abundance gradually increases. Hydrocarbon supplying condition is the key factor constraining the hydrocarbon enrichment for different depressions,while the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage, sufficient hydrocarbons and the transportation capacity of faults control the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment are different for different layers. The hydrocarbon supplying condition of source rocks is the key controlling factor, whereas the source-reservoir configuration, the main sourcereservoir-cap rock assemblages, and the fault transportation are the main factors of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Paleogene, Paleogene and Neogene, respectively.  相似文献   

12.
Significant differential hydrocarbon enrichment occurs in depressions in a petroliferous basin. There are multiple depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, and each depression as a relatively independent unit of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation, contains significantly different hydrocarbon generation conditions and enrichment degree. On the basis of previous documents and a large number of statistical data, this work comparatively analyzed the differential hydrocarbon enrichment and its major controlling factors in depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin have various hydrocarbon enrichment degrees, and can be categorized into four types, namely enormously oil-rich, oil-rich, oily and oil-poor depressions. In general, the enormously oil-rich and oil-rich depressions are distributed in the eastern part of the basin along the Tan–Lu and Lan–Liao faults, whereas depressions in the western part of the basin are poor in hydrocarbons. Moreover, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons is also highly heterogeneous, with Pre-Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the northern and western depressions, Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the entire basin, and Neogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the off-shore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin. From early depressions in onshore areas to the late depressions in offshore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, the source rocks and source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages gradually become younger and shallower, and the hydrocarbon resource abundance gradually increases. Hydrocarbon supplying condition is the key factor constraining the hydrocarbon enrichment for different depressions, while the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage, sufficient hydrocarbons and the transportation capacity of faults control the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment are different for different layers. The hydrocarbon supplying condition of source rocks is the key controlling factor, whereas the source-reservoir configuration, the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages, and the fault transportation are the main factors of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Paleogene, Paleogene and Neogene, respectively.  相似文献   

13.
渤海湾盆地石炭系—二叠系为烃源岩的古生界潜山内幕型原生油气藏认识程度低,勘探难度大,明确石炭系—二叠系烃源岩生烃演化过程及与中—新生代构造演化的响应关系对内幕型原生油气藏勘探具有重要意义。笔者等基于三维地震资料、典型井实测镜质体反射率、流体包裹体等数据资料,进一步采用构造解析、潜山埋藏史分析以及盆地生烃模拟等技术手段,探讨了渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷中—新生代构造运动及对石炭系—二叠系烃源岩生烃演化的控制作用,明确了生烃时期及有利生烃范围。研究表明,黄骅坳陷中—新生代构造活动经历了“两期裂陷,两期抬升”的四个演化阶段,形成多种类型的埋藏史,构造运动引起的古地温变化使南北地区烃源岩进行差异了生烃演化,裂陷建造作用促进地温上升,有利于有机质生烃,挤压改造作用抑制地温上升,有机质生烃中止。乌马营潜山及歧北潜山具有3次生烃阶段,生烃期为早—中三叠纪、早白垩纪、古近纪,港北潜山具有两次生烃阶段,生烃期为早—中三叠纪、古近纪。黄骅坳陷内早期(即早—中三叠纪)生烃范围局限,晚期(即古近纪)生烃最有利,乌马营地区及歧北地区为原生油气藏有利勘探区。  相似文献   

14.
马妍  孙永河  柳少波  马钰凯  刘海涛  赵长毅 《地质论评》2022,68(5):2022102008-2022102008
渤海湾盆地石炭系—二叠系为烃源岩的古生界潜山内幕型原生油气藏认识程度低,勘探难度大,明确石炭系—二叠系烃源岩生烃演化过程及与中新生代构造演化的响应关系对内幕型原生油气藏勘探具有重要意义。笔者等基于三维地震资料、典型井实测镜质体反射率、流体包裹体等数据资料,进一步采用构造解析、潜山埋藏史分析以及盆地生烃模拟等技术手段,探讨了渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷中新生代构造运动及对石炭系—二叠系烃源岩生烃演化的控制作用,明确了生烃时期及有利生烃范围。研究表明,黄骅坳陷中新生代构造活动经历了“两期裂陷,两期抬升”的四个演化阶段,形成多种类型的埋藏史,构造运动引起的古地温变化使南北地区烃源岩进行差异了生烃演化,裂陷建造作用促进地温上升,有利于有机质生烃,挤压改造作用抑制地温上升,有机质生烃中止。乌马营潜山及歧北潜山具有3次生烃阶段,生烃期为早—中三叠纪、早白垩纪、古近纪,港北潜山具有两次生烃阶段,生烃期为早—中三叠纪、古近纪。黄骅坳陷内早期(即早—中三叠纪)生烃范围局限,晚期(即古近纪)生烃最有利,乌马营地区及歧北地区为原生油气藏有利勘探区。  相似文献   

15.
The South China Sea is rich in oil and gas resources. With the increasing exploration of oil and gas resources in the northern South China Sea and the increasing demand for energy in the world, The central‐southern South China Sea have become important constituencies for oil and gas resources. The central‐southern basins of South China Sea can be divided into three types of basin groups, namely, the southern basin group (Zengmu Basin, Brunei‐Sabah Basin), the western basin group (Wan'an Basin, Zhong jiannan Basin) and the Central Basin Group (Liyue Basin, Beikang Basin, Nanweixi Basin and Palawan Basin). At present, the degree of exploration is relatively low, and the source rock has not yet formed a understanding of the system. The main source rock development time, source rock characteristics, hydrocarbon generation potential and control factors of each basin group are still unclear, which seriously restricts the exploration of oil and gas. Based on the sedimentary facies distribution and sedimentary filling evolution, combined with the geoche mical characteristics of the source rocks, the source age, organic matter type, hydrocarbon generation potential and main controlling factors of the basins in the central‐southern basins are discussed. By the detailed research on delta scale, provenance system, paleoclimate conditions, ancient vegetation development and hydroca rbon generation parent material, the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in each basin group are revealed.  相似文献   

16.
<正>The Bohai Bay Basin is a Mesozoic subsidence and Cenozoic rift basin in the North China Craton.Since the deposition of the Permo-Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rock,the basin has undergone many tectonic events.The source rocks have undergone non-uniform uplift,twisting,deep burying,and magmatism and that led to an interrupted or stepwise during the evolution of hydrocarbon source rocks.We have investigated the Permo-Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rocks history of burying,heating,and hydrocarbon generation,not only on the basis of tectonic disturbance and deeply buried but also with new studies on apatite fission track analysis,fluid inclusion measurements,and the application of the numerical simulation of EASY%R_o.The heating temperature of the source rocks continued to rise from the Indosinian to Himalayan stage and reached a maximum at the Late Himalayan.This led to the stepwise increases during organic maturation and multiple stages of hydrocarbon generation.The study delineated the tectonic stages, the intensity of hydrocarbon generation and spatial and temporal distribution of hydrocarbon generations.The hydrocarbon generation occurred during the Indosinian,Yanshanian,and particularly Late Himalayan.The hydrocarbon generation during the late Himalayan stage is the most important one for the Permo-Carboniferous source rocks of the Bohai Bay Basin in China.  相似文献   

17.
海相页岩二次生烃潜力热模拟实验研究   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
利用热压模拟实验的方法,选取自然演化不同起始成熟度的海相页岩,系统研究了海相页岩二次生烃规律。研究表明,海相页岩二次生烃过程不是一次生烃的直接延续,生烃特征与一次连续生烃也有差异。随着二次生烃起始成熟度的增加,二次生油产率存在比一次连续生烃滞后的生油高峰,并且随起始成熟度增加位置更加向后推移,已经处于高演化阶段的海相页岩不再有二次生油高峰。起始成熟度控制二次生烃潜力,起始成熟度处于生油窗之前的海相页岩具有较高的二次生油和生气潜力,起始成熟度处于生油窗的海相页岩具有较高的二次生气潜力和一定的二次生油潜力;起始成熟度高于传统生油窗的海相页岩,二次生油能力已经很低,但是演化到一定程度还具有相当的生气潜力;已经达到过成熟的海相页岩基本上不具备二次生烃潜力。此研究完善了二次生烃的理论研究,对中国叠合盆地海相烃源岩的评价有很好的指导作用。  相似文献   

18.
复合生烃系统是指凹陷(或洼陷)具有两套或两套以上有机地球化学特征不同的有效烃源岩,它们具有多个成烃阶段和多期排烃运聚过程,形成了多种油气藏和多源油气藏。其特点可概括为“多套源岩、多阶段成烃、多源(混源)成藏的新模式”。渤海湾盆地油气勘探实践证明,丰富的油气资源及其分布特征与富含有机质生烃洼陷中存在的复合生烃系统具有十分密切的关系。渤海湾盆地复合生烃系统的组合特征可分为盐湖咸水湖相欠充填湖泊类型模式、半咸水微咸水深湖相平衡充填湖泊类型模式和淡水三角洲湖相过充填湖泊类型模式3种典型的湖相组合,其中所发育的烃源岩代表了复合生烃系统的基本特征。复合生烃系统发育在多幕式断陷活动的地质背景下,与不同油气储集性砂体相配合,通过不同的排烃方式和运移通道聚集成藏,形成了不同层系、不同区带和不同圈闭类型的复式油气聚集带,从而在空间上控制了盆地内各种油气藏的形成和分布。  相似文献   

19.
胜利海上埕岛油田下古生界潜山高产因素分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
埕岛油田是我国浅海-极海海域发现的第一个大型整流油气田,四周环凹,油源条件十分优越,全区可划分为西排山,中排山,东排山三个潜山带构造单元,油气运移通道主要是断裂和风化壳不整合面,区域盖层发育良好,储集条件是油气富集高产控制因素,纵向上潜山带储层主要集中在潜山的风化壳;平面上主要沿断层分布,沿断层发育的奥陶系在潜山是本区古生办潜山勘探的最有利目标。  相似文献   

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