广义极值分布的适线法应用

广义极值分布频率曲线,也可采用均值、变差系数和偏态系数等三个统计参数来进行计算。通过建立离均系数表,可以方便地进行频率分析计算。现以澧水某站年最大流量系列为例,采用广义极值分布的适线法进行频率分析计算,成果表明广义极值分布具有一定适应性。     

两种新的水文频率分布模型:Pareto分布和Logistic分布

介绍了两种新的水文频率分布模型——Pareto分布和Logistic分布，分析了它们的统计特性和应用概况，制作了两种分布的离均系数表，能用一般的方法估计参数和设计值，可作为进一步研究频率曲线线型时的参考。     

离均系数φ值的近似计算式

水文统计中最常用的皮尔逊Ⅲ型曲线,在算出统计参数x、C_(?)、C_(?)后,以往一般用查表求得离均系数φ值。现根据金光炎的《皮尔逊Ⅲ型曲线的离均系数φ值表》,可以给出不同频率P的离均系数φ值的近似计算式。     

P—Ⅲ型分布φP值通用算法的研究

指数Γ分布（含Ｐ—Ⅲ型分布）曲线中离均系数ΦＰ值的计算方法，是水文频率分析研究的难点之一。目前，在实际工作中应用的方法都有一定的缺陷。为此，对其数学表达式进行了变换，把它归纳为求解标准化Γ分布分位数的值，并给出了其数值计算的通用算法模型，然后对Ｐ—Ⅲ型分布ΦＰ值和ＳＰ值的计算方法进行了研究。通过实践证明，其通用算法的数学模型具有算法简便、求解灵活、计算精度高、节省存储空间、通用性强、收敛速度快、数值稳定性好等优点     

不完全伽玛函数的快速算法

不完全伽玛函数的快速算法吴明官，李彦兴（黑龙江省水利勘测设计院）一、前言在概率统计中皮尔逊Ⅲ型曲线是比较常见的线型（以下简称Ｐ─Ⅲ型），尤其在工程水文的设计暴雨、洪水、年径流等频率计算中的应用更为广泛。应用Ｐ─Ⅲ型曲线的关键就是如何推求离均系数Φ＿ｐ...     

可考虑历史洪水信息的广义极值分布线性矩法的研究

在水文及其他行业中广义极值分布(GEV)是一种较为常用的分布线型,包括极值Ⅰ型、极值Ⅱ型和极值Ⅲ型分布.在介绍了该分布线性矩与其参数关系后,给出了有效的可以考虑历史洪水信息的线性矩公式,并对由线性矩推求分布密度函数中k值作了改进.通过统计试验计算分析了线性矩在该分布中的统计性能及历史洪水公式的适用性,并与绝对值准则和平方和准则两种不同优化适线法、矩法作了比较.统计试验表明,改进k值计算后的线性矩法略优于传统线性矩法.从总体上讲,改进k值计算后的线性矩法优于平方和准则适线法及矩法,其参数及设计值的不偏性很好,与绝对值准则适线法总体上相当.     

非一致性水文频率分析的研究进展

水文频率分析计算需满足独立随机同分布假设,其中同分布是指水文样本在过去、现在和未来均服从同一总体分布,即样本应具有一致性。然而,由于气候变化及人类活动的影响,使得一致性的假设受到挑战,因此变化环境下传统频率计算方法获得的设计结果,其可靠性受到质疑。为此,探索适应非一致性极值系列的频率分析方法已显得非常重要。总结介绍国内外关于非一致性水文频率分析的一些代表性研究成果,主要集中在以下两方面:一是基于还原/还现途径;二是基于非一致性极值系列直接进行水文频率分析途径。最后对进一步值得研究的问题进行了展望。     

P—Ⅲ型分布离均系数Φ值的高精度高效数值算法

本文提供了水文分析计算中常用Ｐ－Ⅲ型分布离均系数Φ值的高精度高效数值算法，并将该方法计算结果同其它方法成果进行比较与检验，该方法对偏态系数Ｃｓ和概率Ｐ适用范围之宽，计算速度之快及所能达到的计算精度足够满足实际应用的要求。     

P—Ⅲ型分布Φ值数值计算方法比较

皮尔逊Ⅲ型频率曲线的数值计算方法是水文频率计算中的难点之一。本文对近年来提出的几种数值计算方法进行了分析比较，并推导出了各数值计算方法试算离均系数Φ值的迭代公式。最后推荐计算精度高、运算速度快、收敛范围广的级数展开法迭代公式。     

Г分布保证修正值系数В的确定

本文用统计试验法,对Γ分布估算了水文频率计算中适线法结果的保证修正值系数B,并绘制了用绝对值和最小法及最小二乘法适线的B值诺模图。其应用范围为C_s=0～6及p=0.01%～20%。为便于检读,也列出了此两法的B值表。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

General contents of JOURNAL OF PALAEOGEOGRAPHY,2014

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Clay Mineralogical and Geochemical Studies of Detrital Rocks of the Upper Cretaceous Salt-bearing Strata,Simao Basin,SW China:Implication for Provenance and Source Weathering

正1 Introduction Geological studies established on several sections in Lanping-Simao basin have shown that the salt-bearing strata of Mengyejing formation(Yunlong Fm.in Lanping basin)are constituted by an alternation of salt layers and interbedded facies.The latter consists mainly of mudstones,and mudstone-rich conglomerate.The mineralogy and geochemistry of salt-bearing beds and     

Status of China’s Mineral Resources in 2013

正On 22nd April 2014,with the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and resources issued the status of China’s mineral resources in 2013.The first task of the prospecting breakthrough strategy action implemented in the last five years has been completed,and China’s security capacity for mineral resources has been significantly improved.In the     

Thermodynamics of the Calcium-Containing Brine Systems

正There are more than 700 salt lakes with area of more than 1km2 on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China.In recent years,an oilfield brine was also found in the Nanyishan Section of Qaidam Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet     

Mechanism of Salt Migration Driven by Tectonic Processes:Insights from Physical and Numerical Modeling

正1 Introduction Physical and numerical models are constructed to investigate the evolution and mechanism of salt migration driven by tectonic processes.In recent years,we have designed and ran series of models to simulate salt     

Palynological Assemblage Age and Palaeoenvironment of the Cretaceous Salt-bearing Strata in Laos and Yunnan,China

正The study of Cretaceous-Palaeogene salt-bearing strata of the Khorat Basin Laos and the Lanping-Simao Basin in Yunnan,China has an great significance not only in explaining the basin evolution and the genesis of potash     

Geological Characteristics of Potassium-Bearing Salt Layers in the Well Block Quele of the Kuqa Depression and their Significance

正Potash is one of the long-term scare deposits in China,and potash prospecting has long been listed as a key brainstorm project for our nation and geological prospecting units.There have been considerable studies in search for potash deposits in the Kuqa depression of the Tarim basin(Jackson et al.,1991;Gemmer et al.,2004;Vendeville,2005;Vendeville and Jackson,1992a,1992b),     

Integration of Resources and Technological Advantages,Creation sustainable Qinghai Potash Fertilizer Industry Base

正1 Introduction Qaidam Basin in Qinghai,including 43 salt lakes with multiple dominant mineral such as potassium,magnesium,lithium etc.,is the most intensive distribution of Saline