华海渔业公司瞄准大洋鱿钓生产

山东省荣成市华海渔业公司投资的一艘1354总吨大型远洋鱿鱼钓船已在国内骨干造船企业——山东黄海造船有限公司开工建造,计划2001年5月1日前交付使用,开赴阿根廷外海渔场从事鱿钓生产。这是荣成市建造的首艘新型现代化大洋鱿钓船,对荣成市乃至全国大洋渔业发展将产生积极的促进作用。     

简讯

荣成市确立“海上荣成”战略目标 山东省荣成市立足海洋经济基础设施雄厚、海洋资源丰富的优势,从海陆一体化的荣成建设全局出发,确定建设“海上荣成”分两步走。第一步:1998年～2000年,以加速海洋经济产业结构调整优化和科技战果转化为重点,以建设海洋经济骨干大企业和发展现代化大渔业为途径,使海洋经济年均增长速度保持在20％左右,到2000年海洋产业增加值达到90亿元,占     

山东省荣成市渔业股份合作制的发展情况

渔业股份合作制是渔业企业试行、推广的产权制度改革，其意义和运行情况已引起有关主管部门的高度重视。本文重量剖析荣成市第一家－邱家渔业股份有限公司股份合作制的情况，简述它的出台背景及意义，具体介绍了它的实施办法及其发展打算。指出荣成市渔业股份合作制正在发展中，荣成市渔业主管部门计划分三步走引导、支持全市渔业企业实行股份合作制及有待探索的问题。     

荣成远洋渔业驶入发展快车道

2000年以来，荣成市针对近海捕捞资源持续衰退、传统作业渔场大幅缩减对海洋捕捞乃至控个渔业经济发展产生严重制约的现实，把远洋渔业作为摆脱渔业所面临的困境、实现转产转业的重点之一，通过加大资金投入、推进科技进步等措施，力促快速健康发展。     

信息之窗

荣成市现有各类捕捞船只4 000多艘、338 330千瓦(46万马力),其中199千瓦(270马力)以上捕捞船900多艘、264 780千瓦(36万马力)。近年来,面对近海资源衰竭、中日、中韩渔业协定生效所带来的严峻挑战,荣成市在控制压缩近海捕捞规模、狠抓内涵挖潜的同时,把工作着力点及时转移到大洋渔业资源的     

荣成市全力扩大大洋渔业规模

荣成市现有各类捕捞船只4 000多艘、338 330千瓦(46万马力),其中199千瓦(270马力)以上捕捞船900多艘、264 780千瓦(36万马力).近年来,面对近海资源衰竭、中日、中韩渔业协定生效所带来的严峻挑战,荣成市在控制压缩近海捕捞规模、狠抓内涵挖潜的同时,把工作着力点及时转移到大洋渔业资源的开发利用上.     

荣成市全面推进现代化大渔业建设

“八五”期间,山东省荣成市积极推进现代化大渔业建设,使全市渔业经济运行质量和效益水平有了很大提高。1995年,全市水产品总产量达到82万吨,渔业总收入达到75亿元,分别是“七五”末的1.9倍和4.5倍。 1 强化宏观调控措施 为了保障现代化大渔业健康快速发展,荣成市在宏观调控上着重抓了四个方面的工作: 一是 坚持荣成渔业模式荣成渔业模式就是渔业生产坚持集体所有,统一经营为主导地     

荣成力促远洋渔业快速健康发展

荣成市把发展远洋渔业作为调整渔业产业结构、促进渔民转产转业和加速渔业国际化的战略重点,抢抓机遇,科学运作,推动远洋渔业实现新一轮突破。截止2005年底,远洋渔船达到159艘、总功率8万马力,远洋捕捞产量达到5.2万吨,实现收入5亿元,分别是2000年的22.7倍、20倍和14.2倍。在远     

大力实行标准化养殖 促进渔业经济健康发展

荣成市是全省乃至全国县级第一渔业大市，三面临海，海岸线近千华里，浅海海域和滩涂１０多万公顷，与陆地面积相当，是耕地面积的２倍多。近年来，荣成市充分发挥这一得天独厚的自然条件优势，大力发展标准化养殖，全面提高水产品质量和产出效益，有力促进了渔业经济的持续快速健康发展。全市现有渔业企业４００多处，渔业资产近百亿元，渔工１０万人。去年，全市水产品总产量１１５万ｔ，水产品产值５４亿元（现价），渔业经济总收入１６８．８亿元，水产品产值、渔业经济总收入分别占农业总产值和农村经济总收入的７７％和４５％。 其中…     

荣成渔业“九五”开了好头

1996年,山东省荣成市渔业战线广大干部渔民战胜了海洋资源衰退、渔需物资涨价、鱼货价格下跌、销售市场疲软等重重困难,使渔业经济实现“九五”开门红,全市水产品产量达到88万吨,渔业总收入90亿元,分别比上年增长7.3％和20％,为“九五”后四年大发展奠定了坚实基础。 ——养殖业重点突出,新品种增养殖发展迅猛。鲍鱼实现了育苗、养殖一体化,陆地工厂化养殖、浅海筏养和底播增殖相结合的生产模式,步入循环生产阶段。去年全市越冬鲍鱼     

Model of the post-Cenozoic evolution of the cryolithozone of the shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea

The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level.     

Investigation of the mechanism of the long-term evolution of the carbon cycle in the ecosystem of the Sevastopol bay

We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.     

Contemporary state of the investigation of the influence of the discharge of rivers on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea

We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Modelling of the ecosystem of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube

We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

Dynamics of the ice cover and peculiarities of the ice transportation of the sediments at the tidal flats of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea

Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m³ from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m³ on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.     

Parameters of the sediments of the deep-water basin of the Black Sea

The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene.     

Variability of the nutrient runoff of the rivers of the Arctic Basin

The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers.     

A model of the dynamics of the ecosystem of the Sea of Azov

We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption (fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem, which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge, water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.). Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

On the Relationship between the Characteristics of the Annual Variations of the Virtual Height of the Ionospheric Sporadic E Layer with the Seasonal Rearrangements of the Stratomesospheric Circulation

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Analysis of the temporal variations of the virtual heights of the sporadic E layer (h?ES) determined from ionograms with increased accuracy (1...