视觉基本矩阵与摄影测量中相对方位元素的关系推导

数字摄影测量与计算机视觉（特别是计算机立体视觉）的研究内容十分相近。基本矩阵是计算机视觉领域里的一个重要概念,其求解的稳健性和精度将直接影响到三维重构的效果和意义。从两者研究的对象出发,找出了两者之间的内在联系,也即视觉基本矩阵F与相对方位元素求解公式之间的表达关系,这将对今后数字摄影测量和计算机视觉两门学科的交叉发展有重要意义。     

基于自由态控制曲线的外方位元素解算

首先介绍了基于广义点的摄影测量，在分析基于直线特征广义点摄影测量的基础上，通过ICP方法的引入，从而建立了一种基于自由态控制曲线的外方位元素解算方法。最后通过实验证实了此种方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于三维DLT方法的非量测数码相机检校

低空无人机遥感系统应用日益广泛,其一般搭载传感器为非量测型数码相机,为了保证测量精度必须进行相机检校,以确定其内方位元素和畸变差系数。采用室外三维控制场的DLT(直接线性变换)方法,编制了基于三维DLT方法的非量测型相机的检校软件,该软件具备相机检校参数解算和物方空间坐标解算功能。对于室外三维控制场的测量数据和一海岛的无人机航摄数据,分别使用和不使用相机检校参数进行处理,试验结果显示使用检校参数可以获得更好地测量精度,表明了室外三维检校场方案和编制的相机检校软件是正确可行的,可实现非量测数码相机的检校。     

海洋一号C卫星海岸带成像仪在轨几何定标

海洋一号C卫星（HY-1C）搭载的海岸带成像仪（coastal zone imager，CZI）为满足大幅宽成像需求，采用双相机组合成像，每台相间使用2片4色电荷耦合光敏元器件（charge-coupled device，CCD）拼接。从严密几何成像模型出发，对相机成像过程中存在的系统误差进行分析，采用一种基于探元指向角的几何定标模型，并结合CZI相机设计特点与几何特性，设计出一套针对HY-1C/CZI的几何定标方案。首先利用CZI参考基准波段影像与高精度参考影像进行绝对几何定标，采用分步迭代的方法对参考基准波段影像内外定标参数进行解算，其次进行波段间相对几何定标，最后得到所有波段影像的几何定标结果。实验结果表明，经在轨几何定标后，平面无控定位精度优于5个像元，影像几何质量得到明显改善，说明所采用的定标模型和方案合理有效。     

基于红黑树数据结构的海岸线无人机正射影像拼接研究

随着无人机技术的快速发展,以测量为目的的无人机摄影测量技术已广泛应用到各行各业。相比于常用测量技术,无人机摄影测量技术需要处理抖动平台下的序列摄影图像,技术难度更大。利用红黑树数据结构实现无人机摄影图像的大尺度特征点匹配连接,基于相机标定和捆绑调整两个无人机摄影测量的关键技术环节,实现无人机海岸线遥感影像的快速拼接。     

水边线等高条件控制下的空中三角测量

针对海岸带和海岛礁稀少控制区域摄影测量定位问题,将水边线等高约束条件应用于区域网平差中,提出了一种海岸带水边线等高条件控制下的光束法区域网空中三角测量方法,精确确定摄影时影像的空间方位,进而提高海岸带和海岛礁稀少控制区域测图的几何定位精度。     

原始影像管理及质量分析系统的设计与实现

为了适应摄影测量与遥感技术的快速发展,满足测绘生产的需求现状,针对原始影像的管理与质量分析进行了深入的研究与探讨,并在现有的研究成果和设备的基础上,设计和实现了一套适应于作业部门需求的原始影像管理及质量分析系统。此系统不仅面向测绘生产者提供数据,而且也面向用户提供影像的初级产品———附有内外方位元素的原始影像,为实现原始影像的快速分发和共享提供了良好的服务平台。     

有理函数模型在单幅卫星影像上人工地物高度求解中的应用

高度信息作为人工地物的重要属性信息,在军事和民用上都具有很高的利用价值。从线阵CCD推扫式卫星影像的构像方程入手,推导出该影像上人工地物高度的计算公式,并且得出了无需DEM数据,利用该影像上的像坐标和外方位元素即可较精确地计算出人工地物高度的重要结论。又假设利用有理函数模型该结论同样成立,最后又用大量实验数据进行了证明。研究不但拓宽了有理函数模型的应用范围,而且丰富了摄影测量与遥感领域利用单幅卫星影像进行人工地物高度计算的理论与方法。     

航空摄影测量技术的数学方法探讨

航空摄影测量技术经历了模拟、解析、数字摄影测量三个阶段,随着计算机技术及数学算法更加完善,全自动数字摄影技术即将到来,以数字航空摄影测量处理流程为基础,梳理了涉及的数学理论及算法,并从学科融合的角度将控制学、云计算等理论引入算法流程中,以提高航空摄影测量处理自动化程度,为拓展摄影测量领域应用,提高自动化处理能力提供理论依据。     

“天绘一号”卫星在轨几何定标方法

构建了"天绘一号"卫星三线阵影像的严格几何模型,并在此基础上提出了适用于"天绘一号"卫星三线阵相机的在轨几何定标模型,该模型将定标参数分为内外定标参数,并采用分部迭代策略解算。通过对登封地区两景影像的实验表明:本文的定标方法能较好地解决定标参数间的相关性问题;定标后平面精度达到了6.93m,高程精度达到了3.96m;将内外定标参数用于外推定位时,三视立体像对对地目标定位的平面和高程精度分别优于8m和9m。     

Size-fractionated uranium isotopes in surface waters in the Jiulong Estuary in China

Surface water was collected from the Jiulong Estuary for determination of activity concentrations of uranium isotopes in different size fractions, namely, greater than 53, 10 -53, 2 - 10, 0.4 -2 μm, 10 000 u -0.4 μm and less than 10 000 u fractions by microfihration and cross-flow uhrafiltration technologies. Results indicated that most of the dissolved uranium （ 〈 0.4 μm） exis- ted in the low molecular mass fraction （ 〈 10 000 u）, and the colloidal uranium-238 （10 000 u -0.4 μm） only contributed less than 1% of the dissolved uranium-238. The fractions of colloidal uranium in the dissolved phases decreased with the increasing sa- linity. A positive linear relationship between uranium-238 activities and salinities was observed for the dissolved, colloidal and low molecular mass fractions, indicating a conservative behavior of uranium in the Jiulong Estuary. In the particulate phases （ 〉 0.4 μm）, the partitioning of uranium isotopes among different size fractions was controlled by the partitioning of particle concentrations. In the regions with salinities below 20, the partitioning of uranium-238 among different size fractions was as follows： 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm 〉 0.4 - 2 μm greater than above 53 μm. However, the order at the offshore station with salinities above 30 changed as follows ： 0.4 - 2 μm 〉 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm greater than above 53 μm. The fraction of the 0.4 - 2 μm particles increased at the offshore station, suggesting the increased contribution of the authigenic uranium. The activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phases, including the low molecular mass fraction and the colloidal fraction, was larger than unity, showing the occurrence of excess uranium-234. In contrast, the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in all size fractions of the particulate phase was close to the equilibrium value （1.0）. The observed different values of the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phase and the partic     

Challenges in cross-sectoral marine protection in Europe

Marine environment protection in Europe faces a number of challenges. One is the coordination of relevant sectoral policies — such as agricultural and fisheries policies — with regard to marine protection objectives. The question in the following is on how marine protection issues can be more closely integrated in sectoral policies under the conditions prevailing at present. In particular the strength and weaknesses of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) as the key instrument for marine environment protection in Europe are analyzed in this context. In particular, the MSFD does not adequately address all sectors and policies which are relevant to marine environment protection. One possible means of giving the MSFD greater influences on other policies of relevance to marine waters is to integrate the objectives established under the MSFD in the European maritime policy. The aim should be to require the further development of sectoral policies to take unrestricted account of the objectives of the MSFD implementation process. But also other instruments of marine policy such as maritime spatial planning and marine protected areas are crucial to advance the protection of European seas.     

一氧化氮在浮游植物中的研究进展

对一氧化氮在浮游植物中的研究进展进行了归纳,总结了一氧化氮对浮游植物生长的影响,探讨了浮游植物中一氧化氮的产生机制,并对今后的研究重点提出展望。     

Recent advances in marine technology in Canada

Much of the recent Canadian activity in marine technology has focused on development of capabilities in Arctic waters, and on the update and replacement of naval vessels. This paper describes some of the significant projects and programs now under way, and suggests future research and development requirements.     

Recent progress in submarine geosciences in China

In China submarine geosciences represents a newly established discipline of oceanography, focusing on the oceanic lithosphere, and its interface with the hydrosphere and biosphere. Recently, supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program and other high-tech development projects, significant progress has been made in the development of advanced technologies and equipment. This en- ables the scientists in China to carry out explorations of the international seabed area in the Pacific Ocean and on the Southwest Indian Ridge. In addition, they have been active in the research activities associated the mid-ocean ridges and western Pacific marginal seas. It is anticipated that this research field will continue to be highly fruitful in the near future.     

湄洲湾夏季的初级生产力

湄洲湾１９９２年夏季的叶绿素ａ，三磷酸腺苷，碳比积累速率，初级生产力的变化范围和均值分别为０．４５－４．７２，１．４９ｍｇ／ｍ＾３；０．１２－１．０７，０．３１μｇ／ｄｍ＾３；０．０６－０．５８，０．３４ｄ＾－１；０．０７－０．３４，０．２１ｍ／（ｍ＾２．ｄ）。叶绿素ａ与三磷酸腺苷之间。初级生产力与碳比积累速率之间均呈正相关关系。叶绿素ａ三磷本能腺苷的比值为４．８，湄洲湾夏季浮游植物的生长受氮不足     

夏季珠江口沉积物中营养盐剖面分布和界面交换通量

通过对夏季珠江口区域沉积物间隙水营养盐剖面分析,调查了营养盐含量分布和特征,探讨了有机物的降解特性、营养盐的底部通量估算和作用.结果表明,珠江口沉积物间隙水中营养盐以高含量铵盐为主要的存在形式,沉积物中有机物的降解反应主要在厌氧状态下进行,底部水体铵盐的增加来源于底部沉积物有机质的降解释放,而且对水体的营养盐循环有较大的贡献.     

Anomalous Wildfires in Siberia in Summer 2019

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The results of satellite wildfire monitoring and estimates for the amounts of emissions of harmful gases and fine aerosols in Siberia from 2001 to 2019...