费县乡村旅游资源优势与气候舒适度分析

对费县乡村旅游气候资源进行统计分析和评价表明：该县旅游资源丰富，农业气候资源优越，适宜乡村旅游开发。利用1971-2000年逐日气象资料，计算月、旬的人体舒适指数，结果表明：5月和9月是最舒适的月份；适宜旅游时段是4月上旬-6月下旬和8月下旬-10月下旬。     

大兴安岭地区旅游气候资源分析

通过对与旅游活动有关的风寒指数、温湿指数和避暑气候指数的计算，系统分析大兴安岭地区旅游气候资源的优势和存在的不足，并对大兴安岭地区旅游气候资源进行综合评价，为大兴安岭地区旅游产业的健康发展提供科学依据。     

内江市东兴区旅游气候资源的评价及开发利用

结合人体舒适度指数、中暑指数和风寒指数,对东兴区近40a来(1971~2010)的旅游气候资源进行统计分析,结果显示:东兴区旅游舒适期较长,气候条件适宜旅游活动的开展,尤以4月和10月为最佳。根据东兴区旅游气候资源的优势和地域特点,就如何开发利用旅游气候资源、更好地发展旅游业给出建议。     

石阡县旅游气候资源分析

利用石阡30 a的月平均气温、相对湿度及风速资料,评价其旅游气候资源,计算人体舒适度指数。结果表明:石阡除7月炎热不适宜旅游,1月、2月、12月较冷对旅游有些影响外,其它月份都适宜旅游,其中以4月、5月、10和11月为最适宜旅游期;最适宜旅游月份对应舒适度天数达到30～31 d。     

靖西旅游气候资源评价及其利用

以开发旅游气候资源为目的,将靖西与著名旅游城市昆明、桂林进行对比分析,评价了靖西的气候特点和优势,认为：靖西山水赛桂林,气候似昆明,气候宜人,旅游季节长,开发潜力大．提出了开发靖西旅游气候资源,培育新的经济增长点;使资源优势转变为产品优势的建议：（１）建立多层次、多品种的旅游产品生产基地;（２）对旅游产品进行包装;（３）加强旅游文化建设,丰富旅游内涵;（４）兴起独具特色的生态旅游;（５）开辟中越边     

内蒙古滑雪旅游气候资源评价

利用内蒙古116个国家气象站1981—2017年当年10月到次年4月积雪日数、积雪深度、月平均气温、月平均相对湿度、月平均风速资料,结合气象站点海拔高度,建立了滑雪旅游气候资源评估指标,对全区滑雪旅游气候资源进行综合评价,结果表明:内蒙古中等以上滑雪旅游气候资源区占70%,分布在中、东部地区,呼伦贝尔市区积雪日数长,积雪厚,资源稳定,滑雪旅游气候资源丰富,开发潜力巨大;西部区冬季降雪量少、积雪日数少,没有稳定的积雪,滑雪旅游气候资源短缺。     

靖西旅游气候资源评价及其利用

以开发旅游气候资源为目的,将靖西与著名旅游城市昆明、桂林进行对比分析,评价了靖西的气候特点和优势,认为：靖西山水赛桂林,气候似昆明,气候宜人,旅游季节长,开发潜力大。提出了开发靖西旅游气候资源,培育新的经济增长点;使资源优势转变为产品优势的建议：（１）建立多层次、多品种的旅游产品生产基地;（２）对游游产品进行包装;（３）加强旅游文化建设,丰富旅游内涵;（４）兴起独具特色的生态旅游;（５）开辟中越边境旅游;（６）开展旅游气象服务。     

发展后山地区夏季旅游业初探

对后山地区历年（1960－1990年）气候资料的分析结果表明，该地区夏季凉爽，舒适宜人，开发其旅游气候资源大有可为。     

南京旅游气候舒适度的探讨

采用南京市31a常规气象资料,从影响人体舒适度基本3要素（温度、相对湿度、风速）入手,利用综合模糊评价方法对南京全年的气候资源进行了评判分析,得到各候的气候舒适度指数综合评判结果,应用这一评判结果对南京地区旅游资源进行评价,给出了南京地区旅游的最佳时段和景区。     

基于GIS的乡村旅游气候舒适度评估与区划 ——以重庆市长寿区为例

该文通过计算温湿指数、风效指数,参照人体生理舒适指标分级标准和综合舒适度模型,获得综合舒适度指数,综合评估长寿乡村旅游气候舒适度。研究发现：①全区乡村旅游气候舒适度的空间差异主要来自地于“三山夹两槽”的地形差异。长寿地区除了夏季乡村旅游气候舒适度为不舒适外,其余大部分时候全区气候舒适度较高。②全区各地乡村旅游气候舒适期为4~6个月,不舒适期为2~3个月,可见全年舒适期长,不舒适期短,具有较强的乡村旅游气候资源优势。③乡村旅游气候舒适期较长的区域主要分布在长寿城区及以南和长寿中部地区。     

CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS OF CLIMATIC EXTREMES IN CHINA DURING 1959–2014

The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics.     

Revisiting the Concentration Observations and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Ammonia

正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on     

LOW-FREQUENCY CIRCULATION AND EXTENDED-RANGE FORECAST IN CONNECTION WITH AUTUMN EXTREME HEAVY RAINFALL PROCESS IN HAINAN

Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d.     

AN ATTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN THE BEIJING–TIANJIN–HEBEI REGION UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE

Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region.     

ANALYSIS OF “BIMODAL PATTERN” STORM ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BAY OF BENGAL

Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms.     

Information for Authors

正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography.     

Information for Authors

AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.     

Information for Authors

AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.     

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS

正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.