中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区

以“中国大陆地壳应力环境基础数据库”资料为基础,总结了中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场的基本特征,提出了划分构造应力分区的原则,将中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场划为四级应力区. 指出一级构造应力区主要受板块边界的几何特征和作用在边界上的力所控制,应力作用在大范围和长时间内保持均匀和稳定;二级构造应力区受控于区域块体间的相互作用,在较大区域范围内应力作用具有较强的相关性;三级构造应力区受控于区域内部块体间的相互作用,在一定区域范围内应力结构具有相似性;四级构造应力区受控于块体和断裂相互作用的影响,其应力性状(方向、强度、结构等)一致性较好. 论文还初步分析了控制中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分布的动力学环境.     

陕西北秦岭中段构造应力场的初步研究

于华北板块南缘的北秦岭中段,在系统测量微断层的位移参数的基础上,通过采用滑动矢量拟合法,获得了该区自新生代以来的三期构造应力场的平均应力张量。三期应力场的方向及性质分别为:(1)以280°—310°方向拉伸为主的松弛期;(2)以305°—336°方向挤压为主的压缩期;(3)以294°—340°方向拉伸为主、辅以21°—68°方向挤压的现代扩张期。研究表明,最新一期即第三期构造应力场的特征与华北板块的区域构造应力场特征是基本一致的     

新疆伽师及周围构造应力场区域特征探讨

在利用伽师及周围58次中强地震震源机制解对这一地区的构造应力场进行分析的基础上,结合系统聚类和应力场反演计算结果,对不同时期、不同区域应力场的变化特征进行了分析。该区域地震以走滑错动为主,柯坪块体逆冲作用更为明显。区域最大主压应力方向近SN,但不同构造背景下的主压应力方向存在着较明显的差异。乌恰-喀什地区P轴基本近SN向,但存在着由NW—SN—NE的随时间变化的过程;柯坪块体内部长期以来受较为一致的NW-SE向压应力作用;伽师震区P轴方向为NE-SW。1996年区域应力场方向开始发生明显的变化,P轴方位向NE偏转,倾角增大。结果表现出不同构造环境下应力场分布格局的特征或变化     

Characteristics of recent tectonic stress field in Jiashi, Xinjiang and adjacent regions

Introduction The Pamirs region where Jiashi is located is one of the most active regions of continental plate dynamics in China. Frequent earthquakes here, especially several strong earthquakes oc- curred in 1997 and 2003, have provided excellent conditions for studying the tectonic stress field in this region and a large number of results (GAO and WEN, 2000; GAO et al, 2004; XU, 2001; ZHOU et al, 2001) have been obtained. Although different methods and data were used, under- standings …     

Focal mechanisms and tectonic stress field of the Xinfengjiang earthquake

Altogether 83 events were recorded clearly by all the 8 sub-seismometric stations of the telemetrered seismic network in the Xinfengjiang area during the period from October 1st 1983 to April 30th 1987. Based upon the difference of the initial motion of P waves, the authors divided the 83 earthquakes into 37 pattens. Combining similar pattens, we have got 5 types of focal mechanism solutions. The recent tectonic stress field of the Xinfengjiang region is discussed. The characteristics of the stress axis and the nodal planes are different from which our predecessors got earlier; but the present results is similar to which put forward by the authors in 1981. This paper shows that the tectonic stress field is clearly characterized by a compression in the N-S direction. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica 13. 462–476, 1991.     

Recent tectonic stress field zoning in Sichuan-Yunnan region and its dynamic interest

In this paper, we have carefully determined the stress zones in the Sichuan-Yunnan region with reference to the in-situ stress data of hydraulic fracturing and the inverted fault slip data by using the step-by-step convergence method for stress zoning based on focal mechanism solutions. The results indicate that the tectonic stress field in the Sichuan-Yunnan region is divided into 3 stress zones by 2 approximately parallel NNW-trending stress transition belts. The area between the 2 belts is the Sichuan-Yunnan stress zone where the maximum principal stress σ1 is just in the NNW direction. The eastern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan stress zone （the eastern stress transition belt） is basically consistent with the eastern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block. The western boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan stress zone （the western stress transition belt） is not totally consistent with the western boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block. The northern segment of the western stress transition belt extends basically along the Jinshajiang fault and accords with the western boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block, while its southern segment does not extend along the southwestern boundary of the rhombic block, i.e., Honghe fault and converge with the eastern stress transition belt, but stretches continuously in the NNW direction and accords with the Yingpanshan fault. We therefore consider that under the combined influence from the northward motion of India Plate, the southeastward shift of east Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the strong obstruction of South China block, the tectonic stress field in the Sichuan-Yunnan region might not be totally controlled by the previous tectonic frame and new stress transition belt may have possibly formed.     

渭河盆地地裂缝群发机理及东、西部地裂缝分布不均衡构造成因研究

利用渭河盆地2001—2008年高精度GPS监测资料,结合区域构造特点建立了渭河盆地有限元动力学模型,基于此研究了区域现今地壳应力场特征,深入分析了构造应力场与盆地内地裂缝群发之间的内在关系,首次基于空间大地测量定量的揭示出了区域构造应力场与盆地内地裂缝群发的内在动力学联系,及盆地东、西部地裂缝分布不均衡的根本成因.研究结果表明:渭河盆地现今地壳应力场差异性显著,主要呈现出中、东部以NW-SE向拉张为主,西部则以NW-SE向压缩应力为主,整体具有相对左旋运动趋势,与区域以往长期构造变形具有较好的继承性;分析揭示出区域NW-SE向拉张构造应力正是盆地内中、东部地裂缝群发的力源机制,而盆地内差异性构造应力场也正是导致盆地东、西部地裂缝发育不均衡的根本原因所在,由此进一步证实了渭河盆地地裂缝的强构造属性,其是由活断层在上述力源机制作用下,以蠕滑形式错断地层使土层破裂而形成的.本文研究结果为盆地地裂缝灾害防治、城市安全建设提供了重要信息.     

滇西南地区现代构造应力场分析

利用断层滑动资料反演构造应力张量的方法，获得滇西南地区20个构造应力张量数据，并通过与由震源机制解资料求解该地区平均应力场结果的对比，获得了研究区现代构造应力场特征:镇源——营盘山断裂以西至龙陵断裂带以南地区，最大主压应力方向为北北东，应力结构以走滑型为主；龙陵断裂带及其以北的局部地区，最大主压应力方向为近南北或北北西，应力结构为走滑型．      

Spatiotemporal distribution of seismic activity in East Asia and its relation to regional stress field

Tectonic forces from the relative movements between plates are transmitted into the continental crust, and then they create the earthquake generating stress field there. The space-time distribution of the seismic activity including the small earthquakes in a region reflects the variation of the stress field in the region. According to this idea, the characteristics of the stress fields in the various regions of East Asia have been analyzed in detail in this paper based on a lot of solutions of focal mechanisms and data of seismic activity during the last 500 years. The results indicate that the tectonic forces from the subduction of the Pacific Ocean plate underneath the Eurasian plate control the stress field in the region from North China to the northern part of the North-South Seismic Belt. The variation of the regional stress field shown by the variation of seismic activity in some regions of Japan has also been discussed based on characteristics of variation of the seimicity of small earthquakes. Synchronous variations of seismicity in the past 100 years or so in West China and in the boundary region between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates implicate that there is the transmission of tectonic forces into West China through the collision between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates. The active seismic activity in the boundary region between the Indo-Australian and the Eurasian plates and in West China is continuing consistently. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 287–294, 1991.     

Inversion of stress field in Guangdong and its adjacent area

We determine the stress field of Guangdong and its adjacent area by using focal mechanism solutions of 137 earthquakes and obtain tectonic stress tensors in 12 zones. The result shows that the azimuth of maximum principal stress σ1 is approximately WNW in southwestern Fujian, southern Jiangxi, Guangdong’s Heyuan and the Pearl River Delta, NW in Guangdong’s Yangjiang, and nearly NNW in the two zones of eastern Guangxi and Beibuwan Gulf (the Northern Gulf), varying clockwise in WNW-NW-NNW from east to west. The azimuth of minimum principal stress σ3 varies from NNE to ENE. The relative magnitude of medium principal stress σ2 (R value), is the smallest in Beibuwan and largest in Longyan of Fujian. Strike-slip faulting is dominated in the study area.     

Study on in-situ stress measurement around coastal marginal land in Fujian

Introduction The southeast coastal margin of Chinese mainland is important to understand the mutual movement, matter exchange and energy transfer between ocean and land lithospheres, as well as their effects. The coastal area in Fujian Province is advanced in economy development but it has frequent earthquakes, or even strong earthquakes. Therefore, the current study on in-situ stress state measurement is of great significance for studying continental dynamics, marginal sea dy- namics, seismo…     

腾冲火山区及周围地区震源机制与构造应力场分布特征

对腾冲火山区及周围地区强震震源深度和震源机制空间分布及区域现代构造应力场特征进行了研究。由我国西南地区直到缅甸中深源地震带的区域构造应力场空间分布格局,充分显示出我国西南地区在现代构造运动过程中,受到以印度板块对亚欧板块碰撞挤压作用为主要动力源,在东部同时受到太平洋板块和菲律宾海板块远距离作用影响的总体特征。腾冲火山区主要受到印度板块在缅甸中深源地震带产生的侧面挤压剪切的直接作用。腾冲火山区所属的腾冲龙陵地震带是西南地区区域构造应力场分区的一条重要边界。腾冲火山区主要受到北东———北东东向的区域压应力场作用,同时也可能受到东侧毗邻应力场分区南南东———南东向压应力场的影响。     

Research into the Regional Characteristics of the Tectonic Stress Field in Jiashi, Xinjiang and Its Surrounding Areas

Jiashi and its surrounding areas are composed of many structural zones. Using the focal mechanism solutions of 59 moderately strong earthquakes in Jiashi and its surrounding areas, and combining these with the calculation results of system cluster and stress field inversion, we analyzed the evolvement characteristics of the stress field for different times and different regions. The results were as follows: The earthquakes in Jiashi are mainly strike-slip. However, those of the Kalpin block are mainly reverse events, showing an obvious thrusting. The regional characteristics are different from other areas. The direction of the regional principal stress field is near NS. However, under different tectonic backgrounds, the directions of the stress fields are different. The direction of the principal compress stress is near NS in the Kashi-Wuqia area. But before and after the 3 earthquakes with M7.0, dynamic evolution from NW to NS and then to NE with time process was observed. The Kalpin block has been dominated by a consistent stress field in the NW direction for a long time. However, the direction of the stress field of the Jiashi region is NE. Since 1996, the direction of the regional stress field has changed obviously. The direction of the P axis was deflected towards the NE, and the plunge angle increased. The result shows clearly the regional characteristics and variation of the distribution pattern of the stress field in different tectonic environments.     

空间大地测量GPS揭示的汾渭盆地及其邻域现今地壳应变场变化特征

利用汾渭盆地及其邻域2001—2007年与2009—2011年高精度GPS监测资料,基于区域构造特点,采用块体运动应变模型结合数理统计假设检验法,建立了区域合理的地壳运动应变模型,基于此定量研究了区域现今地壳应变场及其变化特征,特别是2008年汶川强震对汾渭盆地区域变形特征的作用影响,同时从盆地整体上分析了盆地内多发的地裂缝灾害与区域整体构造变形特征之间的内在关系.研究结果表明:经统计检验判断,选择合理的区域地壳运动应变模型,对获取真实反映区域实际构造变形特性的应变参数具有重要的作用;2008年汶川强震对青藏东边缘地块及渭河盆地西侧局部地区应变场造成一定的影响,但是震后上述区域并没有出现显著的应变积累而是呈现出应变量值较震前减小的特征,分析其原因可能是因为此区域并不是强震造成的库仑应力显著增加区,在震后2009—2011年时间段内处于构造应力场的松弛调整期;汶川强震没有显著改变研究域现今整体的构造变形背景特征,区域地壳构造活动特征仍具有较好的继承性;基于研究域构造块体具有各向同性连续弹性变形的前提,初步推断整个汾渭盆地内多发的地裂缝灾害可能是区域NW—SE向拉张应力场作用下的地表破裂响应.     

The possible changes of tectonic stress fields in North China in 16–17th centuries

The ancient tectonic stress field in North China during 16–17th centuries were recovered by studying seismogenic faults of four great earthquakes. Three of them are dip slip events, the direction of the maximum principal stress is vertical, and that of the minimum principal stress is in the NW—SE direction and nearly horizontal tensile stress. Another earthquake is a complicated one which includes thrust and dip-slip activities. The above-stated character is quite different from that of present stress field, it is inferred that the stress field has significantly changed since 16th century, the main stress axis revolved an angle of 90 degrees nearly. The mantle upheaval in the faulted basins in North China during 16–17th centuries may cause the tensile stress field and a series of great earthquakes. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 144–148, 1992.     

Moment tensor inversion of focal mechanism for the aftershock sequence of 1982 Lulong Ms=6.1 earthquake

Introduction Lulong is located about 70 km to the northeast of Tangshan city, Hebei Province. On October 19, 1982, a MS=6.1 earthquake took place about 4 km to the northeast of Lulong county with the epicenter of 39°57′N, 119°04′E and the original time of 20h45min (Beijing time). Lulong is lo-cated at the connection part of Yanshan block and North China plain block according to the divi-sion of active blocks in Chinese mainland (ZHANG et al, 2003). There is a WNW-trending tec-toni…     

The dependence of response spectrum on the tectonic ambient shear stress field

Introduction The acceleration response spectrum and peak ground acceleration are the necessary and im-portant parameters in earthquake-resistant design at present. They are still active research field. With the increase of digital high accurate strong motion observation data, especially the earth-quakes of Loma Prieta (M=7.0) in 1989; Landers (M=7.3) in 1992; Big Bear (M=6.4) in 1994 and Northridge (M=6.7) in 1994 in USA; Kozani (M=6.6) earthquake and afteshocks in 1995 in Greece; Dinar…     

Preliminary research to determine stress districts from focal mechanism solutions in Southwest China and its adjacent area

The method of sliding direction fitting is used to determine stress districts, taking the shear stress directions and ratios of shear stress to stress on fault planes given by focal mechanism solutions as the criteria to select focal mechanism solutions of one region and sorting out the earthquakes controlled by different tectonic stress fields, and then determining the stress districts from epicenter distribution of earthquakes. We call this method as step by step convergence method. By inversion analyzing of 297 focal mechanism solutions, we consider that Southwest China and its adjacent area can be divided into 5 stress districts, and we worked out directions of the three principal stresses and values of shape factor φin 5 stress districts.     

张强凹陷及邻区的构造应力分析

通过对张强凹陷及邻区露头构造形迹和岩心裂缝测量的应力分析，把该地区的地质历史划分出自太古代以来的８个构造期，确定了各期构造应力场状态及构造组合形式，认为晚侏罗世及白垩纪古构造应力场是断陷盆地形成、发展的主要应力场，晚侏罗世为近东西向拉张的构造应力状态；阜新组沉积期末至泉头组沉积前，由东西向拉张转为近东西向挤压，导致断陷阶段结束和上侏罗统变形；白垩纪为东西向挤压，早期区域整体沉降，晚期大面积隆升遭受剥蚀。早第三纪期为北西－南东向挤压，晚第三纪以来北东东－南西西向挤压。新生代的两期应力场仅使一些断裂继续活动，变形强度小于前两期