郯庐断裂带南段与大别──胶南造山带构造复合（叠加）的显微构造证据

对那庐断裂带南段构造岩特别是中深层次韧性剪切带中的糜棱岩进行了研究自北向南于部庐断裂带主干断裂沿线选取6条有代表性的初一脆性剪切带进行地质测量,应用高分辨透射电子显微镜对构造岩中变形石英的位错结构进行观察,求得了韧性剪切作用下构造岩石所受的古差异应力和应变速率等一系列应变参数从显微构造角度提出了郊庐断裂带与大别一胶南造山带构造复合（叠加）的证据：构造岩石的一组应变参数是郊庐断裂带的产物,严格受其中的韧性剪切带控制,另一组系大别-胶南造山带与部庐断裂带复合的产物还讨论了都庐断裂带南段中深层次构造岩的变形一变质历史     

沂沭断裂晋宁期的构造活动及性质

野外地质现象及４０Ａｒ／３９Ａｒ同位素年龄测定结果证明,沂沭断裂中段的北北东向基底韧性剪切带形成于晋宁期（９４１Ｍａ）。晋宁期华北、扬子两板块陆－陆碰撞作用过程中,由于碰撞边界不吻合而导致的碰撞走滑构造,代表沂沭断裂的早期活动。在此基础上,探讨了沂沭基底韧性剪切带与沂沭断裂以及郯庐断裂活动的关系     

排山楼金矿韧性剪切带演化过程

野外地质调查、室内显微构造及石英EBSD组构分析等综合研究表明,排山楼金矿区发育了三期韧性剪切活动,并先后形成了东西向、北东向延伸的韧性剪切带.前者主要表现为右行压扭活动,后者切割了前者,先后经历了左行压扭、左行走滑-伸展等多期构造活动.东西向韧性剪切带中发育大量多晶石英条带与云母的显微构造分层现象,形成于较深的地壳层次及中高温的环境下,石英结晶学优选(CPO)表明石英以柱面a、柱面c滑移为主,该剪切带可能形成于印支期,是蒙古带与华北太古宇克拉通沿索伦-林西缝合带拼合作用在排山楼地区的一种构造表现.北东向韧性剪切带早期的韧性剪切活动可能发生于~160 Ma,是燕山运动早期活动的结果,该期韧性剪切形成于中低温环境及中浅层地壳层次,显微构造以多晶石英集合体和石英的亚颗粒旋转为代表,石英以菱面a滑移为主.晚期的韧性剪切以韧性变形为主,叠加了后期脆性变形,主要表现为低温变形的左行走滑-拆离伸展,发育石英低温颗粒边界迁移、膨凸重结晶和方解石机械双晶,形成于地壳较浅层次,可能与130~120 Ma期间华北克拉通岩石圈大规模减薄与破坏作用有关,该期韧性剪切与拆离伸展运动可能直接导致了排山楼金矿的形成.     

沂沭断裂带地壳结构特征

本文利用1986年在鲁南地区开展深地震测深所获资料,反演了沂沭带南段的地壳速度结构和地壳层构造。结果发现:(1)沿沂沭断裂带的地壳低速层是不连续的,在相当于1668年8(1/2)级地震的发震段(河阳—郯城)的中、下地壳内都有低速层,在该段南、北分别缺失下地壳与中地壳的低速展;(2)沂沭断裂带深部存在四条超壳断裂,西侧二条深断裂东倾,东侧二条深断裂直立,形成上宽下窄斗形超壳断裂带;(3)沂沭带地壳的破裂程度明显存在由北向南逐渐减弱的现象;(4)沂沭带莫霍面为向下拗曲带,其两侧地壳层形变程度具有西强东弱、下强上弱和由郯城向南、向北减弱的特征;(5)郯城附近,沂沭带东地堑浅层断裂相对于深部断裂向西位错约6公里。     

沂沭断裂带古应力值的探讨

本文侧重于利用变形矿物显微构造估算断裂带古应力值的一些理论分析和方法介绍。并以变形石英晶内自由位错密度ρ和方解石变形双晶百分比分别估算了沂沭断裂带西支北段的沂水-汤头断裂及鄌郚-葛沟断裂燕山晚期(K_1后)构造活动的应力值,其结果分别为1000—1500巴和700—1100巴量级。断裂带显微构造可能表明在地质时期的构造应力场作用中,稳态位错蠕变既可发生于韧性变形,又可发生于脆—韧性变形过程中。考虑到断层带“水”的因素,估算中采用McCormick关系式较Weathers关系式可能更接近实际     

浅层次脆性变形域中煤层韧性剪切带微观分析

在研究煤层层间剪切与韧性流变的基础上提出浅层次脆性变形域中的煤层韧性剪切带. 煤层韧性剪切带的宏、微观特征不仅有煤层揉流褶皱、煤层糜棱岩带、煤层韧性面理构造等, 而且微观特征还表现为不同的光性组构与煤镜质组各向异性、煤化学结构的变化和有机地球化学成分的改变等. 分析了煤层韧性剪切带的形成机制, 并探讨了其应变环境: 在地壳浅层次脆性变形域中, 煤层受力后容易变形, 煤层不仅产生脆性变形, 而且也产生韧性剪切变形. 在简单剪切应力作用下煤层及其围岩间发生层间滑动或煤层发生韧性流动. 因此, 地壳浅层(< 5 km)能形成众多的煤层韧性剪切带.     

韧性剪切带及其变形岩石

本文讨论了地壳和上地幔中韧性剪切带及其中的变形岩石。在大多数情况下,韧性剪切带中的变形岩石为糜棱岩,因为经受韧性剪切变形时,岩石的粒度显著减小并发育了强化的叶理(线理)。但是在某些情况下,例如,当隐晶质灰岩及富含长石的岩石经受韧性剪切变形时,剪切带中的变形岩石粒度局部增大或者没有发生明显减小,它们并不是典型的糜棱岩。由于变形环境、变形介质及变形机制的不同,韧性剪切带内岩石变形的产物是不同的     

北京北石城断层带与河防口断层带断层岩石显微构造研究

本文论述了糜棱岩类与碎裂岩类的变形特征,它们各自代表了不同的成因机制,反映了断层带经历过早期韧性剪切和后期脆性破裂的发育历史。根据断层岩石的显微构造特征,估算了断层带发育过程中两个阶段的温度、压力、应变速率、差异应力大小和方位,并讨论了韧性剪切带、地壳中弹塑性过渡带与大陆地震多发层之间的关系     

基于遥感和重力多源数据研究沂沭断裂带南段及周边断裂的交切关系

以沂沭断裂带南段(沂水县—郯城县)及周边地区为研究对象，收集该地区的遥感影像、数字高程模型和布格重力数据，研究区域构造地貌和地壳深部构造特征，进一步对沂沭断裂带南段与周边断裂的交切关系予以分析.研究结果显示:在遥感影像中，蒙山山前断裂和苍尼断裂的构造地貌特征明显，断裂沿线发育水系转弯、河流错断、断层陡坎、断层崖、断层三角面等地貌现象，反映了两断裂正断兼左旋走滑的活动性质，其中蒙山山前断裂向东延伸至莒南县附近，苍尼断裂向东延至郯城一带，两条断裂在地貌上均截切了沂沭断裂带；在重力细节场中，两断裂形成了不同尺度上的重力梯度带，切割至下地壳深度，在地壳浅层至深层均交切于沂沭断裂带，且交切处出现扭曲、断折、串珠状等重力异常现象，证实其在地壳深部切穿沂沭断裂带.因此，两条断裂的遥感和重力场解译结果具有明显的一致性，在地貌及深部均截切沂沭断裂带南段，使其出现分段性特征.此外，在临沭县附近发现了一条新断裂，即相庄—沙岭断裂，该断裂在地貌上呈北高南低，沿线水系发生左旋同步转弯，且在1—3阶重力细节场中形成线性梯度条带，故推测该断裂下切至中地壳深度，在临沭县附近截切沂沭断裂带交切于东地堑，并未延伸至西地堑.      

沂沭断裂带内部的差异活动及其成因分析

郯庐断裂带在山东境内被称为沂沭断裂带的部分是其新构造活动最为强烈的一段.许多学者对沂沭断裂带做过大量研究工作,指出沂沭带活动存在差异性,但较少关于差异活动的原因分析.本文在前人研究工作基础上,较为深入地分析了沂沭带5条断裂的主要活动规律及其特点,对沂沭带进行了新的分段,并归纳了沂沭带不同断裂之间、同一断裂不同段落之间的活动差异及其差异的基本特征.在此基础上,从地貌、断裂结构、断裂空间组合、现代运动、深部构造环境等几个方面,分析阐述了造成沂沭带差异活动的可能原因,为更深入地研究沂沭带提供了新鲜的启示和思路.     

Early Cretaceous sinistral shearing and associated folding in the South Kitakami Belt, northeast Japan

Abstract   Early Cretaceous structural development of the southern part of the South Kitakami Belt, northeast Japan, is discussed through precise structural mapping and the measurement of semiquantitative strain. The mapping and measurement revealed that wide north- to northeast-trending sinistral shear zones occupied by the 'slate' with higher strain than the surrounding rocks run from the axial part to the western limb of major synclines, with the wavelength of 5–10 km. The major synclines with a U-shaped rock distribution opening to the south are interpreted to be drag folds along the sinistral shear zones. These structures were modified by a second stage of Early Cretaceous sinistral shearing characterized by localized high-temperature mylonite zones along the rim of some of the 120 Ma granitoids that cut the major folds and baked the 'slate' in the older shear zones mentioned above. The rocks of the South Kitakami Belt, which had undergone two stages of shearing, were rapidly exhumed before the deposition of the Late Aptian–Albian Miyako Group. Finally, a restoration model is presented of the Early Cretaceous sinistral displacement and deformation in the study area.     

Characteristics of fault rocks and paleo-earthquake source along the Koktokay-Ertai fault zone,Xinjiang,China

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Strain and shear types of the Louzidian ductile shear zone in southern Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China

The Louzidian ductile shear zone at the south of Chifeng strikes NE-SW and dips SE at low-medium- angles. This ductile shear zone is mainly composed of granitic mylonite, which grades structurally upward into a chloritized zone, a microbreccia zone, a brittle fault and a gouge zone. All these zones share similar planar attitudes, but contain different linear attitudes and kinematic indicators. Finite strain measurements were performed on feldspar porphyroclasts using the Fry method. These meas- urements yield Fulin indexes of 1.25―3.30, Lode's parameters of -0.535―-0.112 and strain parameters of 0.41―0.75 for the protomylonite, respectively. These data are plotted within the apparent constric- tional field in Fulin and Hossack diagrams. In contrast, for the mylonite, corresponding parameters are 0.99―1.43, -0.176―-0.004 and 0.63―0.82, respectively, and located in the apparent constrictional field close to the plane strain. The mean kinematic vorticity numbers of the protomylonite and mylonite by using three methods of polar Mohr circle, porphyroclast hyperbolic and oblique foliation, are in the range of 0.67―0.95, suggesting that the ductile shearing is accommodated by general shearing that is dominated by simple shear. Combination of the finite strain and kinematic vorticity indicates that shear type was lengthening shear and resulted in L-tectonite at the initial stage of deformation and the shear type gradually changed into lengthening-thinning shear and produced L-S-tectonite with the uplifting of the shear zone and accumulating of strain. These kinds of shear types only produce a/ab strain facies, so the lineation in the ductile shear zone could not deflect 90° in the progressively deformation.     

FAULT ROCKS AND ACTIVITIES OF THE KANGDING-MOXI FAULT ZONE

Mylonite,cataclasite and especially fault rocks subjected to both mylonitization and cata-clasis widely developed along the Kangding-Moxi fault zone.A mylonite zone has formed as a result of ductile shearing in early stage.In later stage brittle fracturing has occurred along this mylonite zone,accompanied by the formation of the present Kangding-Moxi fault zone.Later on,ductile shearing and multiperiods of brittle fracturing occurred along the fault zone.Differential stress magnitude d     

Shear zones within the Bloody Bluff fault zone: Analysis and tectonic implications

The Bloody Bluff fault zone, which divides the New England Avalon zone and Nashoba zone, contains at least two shear zones that are within Avalonian rocks. The Rice Road shear zone (sinistral, strike-slip) affects the Westboro Formation and is intruded by the 630 Ma Dedham Granite. The Rice Road shear zone, and equivalent pre-granite mylonites appearing in drill cores, parallel the terrane boundary, and may have controlled the later mylonitization. The Nobscot shear zone (dextral, strike-slip) is a prograde shear zone cutting a granite assumed to be related to the surrounding 630 Ma plutons. Similar shear zones have been seen cutting Late Proterozoic plutons in the New England Avalon zone, and represent a series of en echelon strike-slip shears. The Burlington mylonite zone (shear sense equivocal) is part of the terrane boundary. This is a retrograde shear zone that forms the southeastern border of the Wolfpen lens, a lenticular body of sheared and altered metamorphic and intrusive rock that has been assumed to be part of the New England Avalon zone. Microstructural characteristics indicate that the Burlington mylonite zone was active after the Nobscot shear zone. In particular, quartz in the Nobscot shear zone was dynamically recrystallized by a combination of grain boundary migration and rotation recrystallization processes, thought to occur during shearing at upper-greenschist conditions. In contrast, quartz in the Burlington mylonite zone was recrystallized predominantly by rotation recrystallization, indicating lower-greenschist, retrograde, deformation. The two shear zones are too close for these differences to be a result of a simple thermal field gradient.While mineral assemblages in most of the study area indicate no metamorphic grade higher than upper-greenschist temperatures, the Wolfpen lens contains amphibolites with assemblages formed at temperatures above the oligoclase isograd, indicating mid-amphibolite facies metamorphism. As metamorphic contrast is one of the key features differentiating the Nashoba zone from the New England Avalon zone, the Wolfpen lens cannot be assumed to be part of Avalon. It may be a small block of rocks of intermediate grade between the two terranes.     

Microcosmic analysis of ductile shearing zones of coal seams of brittle deformation domain in superficial lithosphere

For many years, the study on ductile shearing zones mainly focuses on the strain analysis and the characteristics of microcosmic structure of felsic duc-tile shearing zones in deep layers (8—10 km). Discus-sions on the process of the development of small-type and mini-size ductile shearing zones have been re-ported in recent years[1,2]. 揇uctile deformations in brittle deformation擺3] and 揵rittle deformations in ductile deformation擺4] are rather a familiar phenome-non in nature. Researchin…     

郯-庐断裂带南段深层次的塑性变形特征及区域应变场

本文研究了郯-庐断裂带南段深层次所表露的塑性构造现象,着重测量和分析了大量的变形砾石,从而确立属韧性平移断裂,具有恒体积的平面应变与不均一的简单剪切位移场特征,产生强烈的压缩与拉伸,并伴随有同变形期的动热变质带。同时还初步确定了四个垂深不同层次的平移剪切模式     

郯庐断裂带南段韧性剪切带糜棱岩化过程中长石成分和结构状态变化特征的研究

在对郯庐断裂带南段３条韧性剪切带中糜棱岩及围岩进行矿物组合、结构构造观察研究的基础上,对长石矿物进行了多项分析测试,发现长石成分及其结构状态参数的变化与构造应力场的构造作用存在明显的对应关系：随剪切变形作用的加强,长石矿物的结构状态参数呈增大趋势,矿物单位晶胞的体积和斜长石中Ｓｉ／Ａｌ比值随之减小;长石的变形指数（Ｉｓｓ）和斜长石中的钙长石分子（Ａｎ）与岩石的变形强度呈明显的正相关关系。这些研究结果为探讨构造变形场中矿物岩石的变形 变质作用提供了一种简捷有效的手段