也谈朱光潜的“人生美学”——兼评《人生美学的创构》

用"人生美学"来概括朱光潜的美学思想特征,有机整合了朱光潜将的美感心理研究、诗论研究、谈美与后期的马克思主义美学等几个板块,是一个重要突破,也对认识中国美学的民族特色起到了深化作用。但要准确理解朱光潜的"人生美学",还必须到中国传统的人生境界与人生美学思想中进行探源性研究,才能更加全面与深入。     

Reflecting ZHU Guang-qian＇s Life Aesthetics

用“人生美学”来概括朱光潜的美学思想特征,有机整合了朱光潜将的美感心理研究、诗论研究、谈关与后期的马克思主义美学等几个板块,是一个重要突破,也对认识中国美学的民族特色起到了深化作用。但要准确理解朱光潜的“人生美学”,还必须到中国传统的人生境界与人生美学思想中进行探源性研究,才能更加全面与深入。     

审美视角下朱光潜与京派文学群体的歧异性

在审美视角下,朱光潜与其他京派作家在审美思想、审美眼光、审美批评等方面存在着一些重大差别。从审美思想看,具体表现为情趣主义和趣味主义的不同;从审美眼光看,是通达的眼光与"乡下人"眼光的不同;从审美批评方面看,是逻辑式批评与印象式批评的不同。从审美角度辨析和检视朱光潜与京派文学群体的歧异性,不仅可以增进我们对朱光潜美学思想复杂性的深刻认知,而且可以夯实中国现代美学的细部研究及基础研究。这一歧异性更能够突显朱光潜重"情趣"的直觉论美学及"人生艺术化"美学主张的重要价值和意义。     

高中古诗词审美教学窥探——以朱光潜“人生的艺术化”观照下的教学为例

新课改的背景下,朱光潜先生"人生的艺术化"的回归和诗意生存的状态对语文教学实现文化功能和审美作用,起到了现实的指导意义。本文将朱光潜"人生的艺术化"美学思想作为理论指导,以高中语文古诗词教学为例,回归语文本色,对构建语文审美课堂予以重新探讨。     

人生艺术化：朱光潜美学的先验之维

艺术（审美活动）与人生（生命活动）的关系是20世纪中国美学关注的一个重要问题,诸多美学家都涉及或探讨过这一问题,朱光潜更是以“人生艺术化”学说及其相关论点予以回应和阐发,从而开辟了中国现代美学的人生论传统。“人生艺术化”是朱光潜综合中西文化和审美思维后的理论再创造,并成为其人本主义美学思想的逻辑起点。通过这一命题,朱光潜美学毫不吝啬地宣扬人性的高贵,肯定审美经验的共同人性基础,并追求超越人生的崇高境界。其“人生艺术化”理论即是以知-情-意的人生统一体为出发点,最终指向真-善-美的价值同构（幸福）。因此,向康德式的实践理性（道德理性）与共同人性的无限逼近,是朱光潜美学思想的最高旨趣和先验之维。     

布洛的“心理距离说”与朱光潜早期美学思想

在20世纪心理学美学诸流派中,布洛的"心理距离说"对朱光潜先生早期美学思想影响至深。朱先生不仅据此批判了克罗齐形式主义的"直觉说",合理的解释了美感发生的心理条件;而且应用"距离"于悲剧的研究和人生美学的探索,使悲剧理论在辨证综合的道路上前进了一大步,并对人生、生活作了美学的诠释,将艺术人生化,人生艺术化,完成了"人生──艺术"之间的双向过渡。     

朱光潜心理美学思想的现代性特征

朱光潜在中国面临社会和文化的双重现代性转型的背景下构建其心理美学思想,因此,其思想中不可避免地带有明显的"革命"因素,而朱光潜美学思想中的这种"革命精神"又具体落实为其对乱世中生命价值实现问题的回应。对"生命"的重视,对"革命"的强调是蕴藏在朱光潜心理美学思想中的核心思想,也是其思想的现代性标识。     

朱光潜抗日战争时期文学批评思想略论

抗日战争时期,朱光潜发表了数十篇文学批评文章和出版了《诗论》等学术著作。这些论著从总体上反映了朱光潜强调文学的现实性和真实性、注重民间文学的研究和中西文论相结合的文学批评思想,标志着朱光潜美学和文学思想的转变,即从单纯的研究西方美学和文学理论向中西方美学和文学(诗学)理论结合起来进行研究的转变,从研究经典作品、经典理论向研究大众作品、民间文艺作品的转变。在这个转变的过程中,朱光潜逐步建立起自己的抗战文学批评体系,即"抗战的大众的文学批评体系"。这个体系以中西方传统美学理论为基础,紧密结合抗战实际,从民族危亡和国家前途来开展文学批评,它来自中华民族的全民抗战,又为了中华民族的全民抗战,深化了朱光潜"为人生的艺术"的思想,使其转变为"为大众的艺术"的文学批评理论。     

影响与选择的内在统一--论朱光潜对克罗齐的接受

文章阐释朱光潜接受与背离克罗齐的过程,包括三个阶段;朱光潜选择与解释克罗齐受两个因素的制约：一个是外在社会思潮,一个是内在人生价值,由此朱光潜形成了独有的“人生美学”思想。     

从《诗论》看朱光潜对王国维美学思想的重解和建构

从《诗论》可以分析,朱光潜对王国维美学思想进行了辩证重解。在诗歌本质和功用方面,朱光潜认同王国维超功利性审美独立价值观,在“超脱观”基础上,把“人生艺术化”作为美学旨归;从生命层面,朱光潜颠覆性地重解王国维“境界说”等美学术语,在理论构架和深层思理上摒弃了王国维感性和零散型特点,以《诗论》构建了严整科学的现代美学学科体系。     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

Inequalities for inscribed simplexes

The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.