走向全球：开放与远程教育所面临的危险与前景

过去十年以来,电子学习、远程学习技术,以及精细化的教学设计、方法和支持服务等的发展表明,这些创新革新了高等教育的国际化阶段.而且,全球化正在驱动国际经济、社会、政治、文化、政治生活等相互关联的方方面面,这又进一步表明电子学习(或者是远程、混合学习、分布式学习或过几周又会有新的术语)已经创造了一个新的世界.确实,这只是刚刚开始(Olcott,2008,2008a).本文将探讨国际化、跨境高等教育、远程学习等一系列问题,有些评论可能会引起争论、有争议的.但生活就是这样!而且,这些评论直接针对学院和大学的校长.这又是为什么呢?就像杜鲁门所说的"责任到此,不能再推."     

基于泛在学习的成人教育课程体系研究

现代的教育理论和技术使泛在学习方式成为可能。成人作为泛在学习的重要主体,如何建构泛在成人教育课程体系是研究的一个焦点。泛在成人教育课程体系一般包括:泛在成人学历教育课程、泛在成人非学历教育课程、泛在成人远程教育课程。这三种泛在课程各自有自己的特点,适合不同成人群体的需求。     

诺尔斯学习契约理论对我国硕士研究生教育的启示

20世纪70年代,美国成人教育学家诺尔斯提出了学习契约理论,旨在通过契约学习的方法,引导学习者朝着自我导向式学习转变,增强学习者的自我学习能力以及适应其个性化学习需求。契约学习理论作为诺尔斯成人教育思想的重要组成部分,对当前我国硕士研究生教育具有重要启示——为导师负责制的落实提供了新的方法视角,有利于研究生个性化课程体系的形成。     

East Meets West in Shanghai：But Is There a Learning Society on the Road to Cathay？

Lifelong education was developed in Europe in the 1970's. A learning society arises when principles of adult education are properly deployed. Vertical integration concerns learning throughout the lifespan. Horizontal integration requires education to occur in informal and nonformal as well as familiar formal settings. Democratization demands the dismantling of barriers that impede access to education and involvement of learners in the design and management of their own education. Chinese citizens have always learned from a broad array (of not just educational settings). The initiative to build 61 "learning cities"demonstrates a genius for adapting western ideas. China has already transcended some limitations of European ideas about lifelong education. However, because of ageism, the obsession with formal education and need to navigate within the contours of the party-state, building a learning society faces special challenges. In China, as elsewhere, universities are not leading these initiatives. They need to become more flexible and open.     

试论远程教育中的个性化教育

远程教育从起步到今天,孜孜以求的一直是个性化学习的教育方法,因人而异的学习原则和具有个性特色的学生与学生之间、学生与教师之间的间接交流和联系。以学生为中心,发展学生自主学习的能力,已被视为素质教育、终身教育的重要观点。     

建构主义学习观对成人教育的影响

建构主义学习观是对传统学习观的一场革命,强调知识不是被动接受的,而是认知主体积极建构的,这对各种层次的教育都产生了深刻的影响。成人学习者承担着各种各样的社会角色,具有丰富的人格化经验,这使得成人学习具有独立自主性、整体一致性、追求现时性的特点。建构主义学习观对成人教育有重要的启示。     

网络教学平台使用的师资培动——香港理工大学的经验

面授和网上教学有机结合的整合式教学越来越成为高校教育和培训的主要模式。本文旨在介绍和分析香港理工大学教学发展中心（简称EDC）如何通过网上教学平台的功能,与面授教学结合起来,发挥面授教学和网上教学的各自优势,使教师培训更加有效。EDC的实践表明,在大学教师培训课程中,发挥网上教学的优势,能帮助学员弥补由于有限的面授教学产生的师生之间、学员和学员之间互动的不足。在网上学习中,通过互相的学习观摩和观念碰撞,能激发学员的学习兴趣,有效地促进学员之间进行探究性学习,同时,这种集体学习的方法,能促进在职教师之间的友好交往和学术交流。     

成人教育与学习参与障碍研究述评与展望

通过整理近年来国内外的相关文献,对当前成人教育与学习参与障碍的研究成果进行系统的总结与归纳。重点对成人教育与学习参与障碍的内涵、情境障碍、机构障碍、心理障碍与信息障碍进行梳理,最后从成人教育与学习参与障碍未来本土化理论体系的建构与多元化研究方法的采用方面进行展望。     

Analysis of Feasibility and Acceptability of an E-Learning Module in Anatomy

Recent advance in medical education is in correlation with the advances in information technology and thus computer-based learning is being increasingly employed. The objective of the present study was to design and evaluate an e-learning module in anatomy and assess the perceptions of students and faculty about this e-learning module. The participating students were randomized into three groups by block stratified randomization and Google groups were created for each of the three groups. The e-learning module was implemented in three sessions by rotating the three groups. Validated questionnaires were sent to faculty and participating students via Google forms to obtain feedback. The results of ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference among the groups in terms of marks obtained with conventional (F = 2.403, P = 0.103), online (F = 6.050, P = 0.005), and blended (F = 5.801, P = 0.006). Post hoc comparisons using the Tukey HSD test, about the gain of knowledge, indicated that the results were insignificant when comparing the conventional group with the online group, but were significant when comparing the blended group with the conventional and online group. The qualitative data regarding the perception of students toward e-learning were analyzed using thematic analysis. The introduction of an interactive e-learning module in anatomy was effective and well received by the students and faculty. The study showed that blended learning has a positive impact on the students' learning by improving cognitive gain and receptive perception for e-learning.     

开放教育模式下成人英语学习策略的调查与研究

该文以开放英语本科专业学员为对象，运用定性研究的方法，通过问卷调查、访谈等形式，对开放教育模式下的成人英语学习策略进行描述性的分析研究，从而提出一些切实可行的英语学习策略训练方式，帮助开放英语本科专业学员成为成功的英语学习者。     

论成人网络学习评价的基本原则

成人网络学习评价是运用教育评价学的理论和方法,对网络环境中成人学习者的学习行为、过程和成果测定、衡量,并给以价值判断的过程。网络教学和成人学习者的特征决定了它具有目标的灵活性、方法的多元化和手段的智能化等特点。由此,在成人网络学习评价中,应特别注意遵循客观性和整体性原则;过程性原则和连续性原则;自评、互评和教师评价相结合原则。     

论远程自主学习环境的创设

学习环境的创设对远程开放教育至关重要，也是教学设计的重要构成部分。近年来教学设计领域发展的新趋势对网络环境下的自主学习产生了深刻启示，结合有关教学设计的理论与实践，探讨远程自主学习环境中直观情境、知识情境、问题情境等的创设，以促进远程学习者的自主学习，提高远程教与学的效率。     

社区教育中成人多元智能培养策略研究

加德纳提出的多元智能理论给当代教育提出了一个新的课题,将多元智能理论引入社区教育,可以为社区教育的开展提供一个多元视角。分析成人学习者的特征及其多元智能培养的必要性,进而从课程资源、教学环境、教学方式和评价方法等方面,提出培养成人多元智能的策略,以促进人的全面发展,推动社区教育、学习型社会建设顺利进行。     

Implementing blended self-managed action learning for digital entrepreneurs in higher education

We report upon implementing blended self-managed action learning (SMAL) within graduate and postgraduate courses in digital entrepreneurship. In four out of five cases, we found that SMAL was highly motivating to our learners and integrated well with a blended and flexible approach to learning. We report a case where a SMAL set broke down due to the presence of a charismatic learner who was visibly biased against SMAL and questioned its utility from the outset. We suggest that the risk of similar breakdowns might be managed by developing a questionnaire to pre-assess participants' readiness for action learning and increasing the level or support during SMAL set meetings. While SMAL did not give rise to independent action learning sets after the courses, we were surprised and encouraged to find that learners instigated independent virtual learning networks, which flourished for up to a year after the courses. On the basis of this experiment we suggest that blended and fully virtual SMAL are worthy of further investigation in higher education and beyond.     

高职院校职业指导应与专业建设相结合刍议

当今我国高等教育已经进入大众化时代,在就业形势日趋严峻的今天,各高职院校都非常重视职业指导工作,但从专业建设的角度来研究职业指导鲜见有人涉及,本文就是从这一新的视角,与专业建设相结合,探索如何推进高职院校职业指导工作。     

远程条件下成人英语学习策略研究

本课题对现代远程开放教育中成人英语学习策略进行研究,其目的是通过对远程环境下,成人在学习英语能力、需要、动机上的分析,归纳整理对成人英语学习行之有效的学习策略,并在实践中将这些策略加以应用,以期建立适合成人特点的新的教学模式。     

网络环境下电大学生自主学习现状调查——基于宁波地区县市电大的调查与分析

远程教育的蓬勃发展,引起人们对远程学习和网络学习研究的关注。电大学生依靠远程教育和网络进行学习,这种学习更加依赖于学习者的主动性和自主性,依赖于他的元学习能力。所以,如何对电大学生进行自主学习的培养教育,就成为远程教育的一个重点和难点问题。通过调查,了解宁波地区县市级电大学员自主学习的现状,对于远程教育网络环境下如何真正促使学习者进行自主学习具有重要的现实意义和实践价值。     

Negotiating co-ownership of learning in higher education: an underexplored practice for adult learning

Adults who enrol in higher education institutions (HEIs) often have contributions that could serve in enhancing the planning and implementation of their programmes. Importantly, while terms such as active learner engagement and knowledge co-creation dominate adult learning discussions, there are unanswered questions pertaining to how adult learners negotiate co-ownership of their learning. The current empirical study explores the relevant factors that could enhance adult learners’ involvement in negotiating co-ownership of learning in a higher education setting. A mixed method of gathering and analysing data from adult learners (n?=?200) was followed. While structural equation modelling (SEM) served as the quantitative data analysis method, codes, categories and themes developed from the focus group discussions and interviews were used to analyse the qualitative data. The study revealed that negotiating co-ownership of learning among adult learners in HEIs is influenced by the level of engagement and adult learners’ acquisition of relevant core knowledge and skills. The authors discuss the implications of the results by reflecting on the pluses of negotiating co-ownership of learning at the institutional and classroom levels while also showing how the lack of these provisions could hinder effective learning among adult learners.     

Online and blended learning approach on instructional multimedia development courses in teacher education

In this study, an e-learning environment was designed for teacher candidates. Teacher candidates developed multimedia-based projects by means of multimedia tools. This research aims to determine the effects of online and blended learning approaches on the success level of multimedia projects and the teacher candidates' attitudes, opinions and perceptions on e-learning. This study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. There were two different groups in the study: online and blended groups. The online and the blended groups consisted of 30 and 32 teacher candidates, respectively. Teacher candidates in the blended group developed multimedia-based projects and shared information communicating in a WiziQ and Facebook environment with their peers and instructors when they were not at school. On the other hand, the teacher candidates in the online group communicated with their instructors and peers only in a WiziQ and Facebook environment. The results showed that the blended learning approach was more effective than the online learning approach. The usability of online learning and blended learning in higher education is addressed in recommendations for future research and practice.     

基于混合学习的多媒体技术课程建设与研究

混合学习结合了传统教学与网络学习的优点,在推进教育教学改革中发挥了重要作用。在分析混合学习理论的基础上,采用毕博网络教学平台研究并实现多媒体技术课程建设,阐述了该课程建设的主要内容、学习难点、学习要求等。在理论、实验教学与网络学习的有机结合下,帮助学生更好地掌握多媒体技术的知识及其相关软件的运用,同时,教师也能根据课程建设情况进行教学反思,从而更好地提高教学质量。