人口健康信息化建设项目风险评价研究

本文依据项目风险管理、网络层次分析法与模糊综合评价法的基本理论,将模糊网络分析法引入人口健康信息化建设(以下简称人信)项目风险管理过程,建立基于网络层次分析法的人信风险管理模型。关键步骤是选取影响人信项目的影响因素,建立相互影响、相互反馈的网络层次结构,利用"极限超矩阵"对各种相互作用的因素进行综合分析求取标准化权重。最后运用权重法得出该项目风险因素之间的比较排序,并利用模糊综合评价法对项目风险进行总体评价,以达到为项目管理者决策提供可靠依据的目的。     

基于风险控制的ERP项目风险分担模型研究

量化并落实ERP项目实施中各合作方的风险分担责任是有效控制风险的重要手段。论文从风险控制的视角出发,针对ERP项目实施中存在的各类风险,通过采用相关文献统计分析,结合ERP实施企业相关人员现场访谈等方法,建立了ERP项目风险分担指标体系。在对四种主要风险分担方法比较的基础上,选用模糊层次分析法构建了ERP项目风险分担模型,依据ERP项目实施中风险分担指标获取特点,将三角模糊数引入到模型的求解过程中。研究成果为有效控制ERP项目实施风险提供了理论依据。     

基于FNN的高新技术企业技术创新项目风险评价研究

从风险来源、风险影响因素和技术创新过程的角度,对高新技术企业技术创新项目风险进行了识别,构建了技术创新项目风险评价指标体系。依据评价指标主观性、模糊性的特点,建立了基于模糊神经网络的风险评价模型,并从河南省一批高新技术企业中选取了30项技术创新项目作为实例,说明了模糊神经网络评价模型在高新技术企业技术创新项目风险预测研究中的适用性,得出模糊BP神经网络比单纯的BP神经网络具有更强的客观性和可靠性的结论。     

BT模式下的大型光伏发电项目风险评价研究

结合BT模式和大型光伏发电项目特点,构建BT光伏发电项目风险评价指标体系,应用模糊层次分析模型,对构建的指标体系风险权重进行计算,根据计算结果对关键风险因素做进一步分析,为项目相关方项目决策和风险管理提供科学依据。     

模糊综合评价法在军队工程建设项目风险分析中的应用

针对军队工程建设项目面临的风险识别与评价问题,应用模糊数学的方法建立模糊综合评价模型,提出对军队工程建设项目风险进行定量与定性相结合的研究方法,提出了建立军队工程建设项目风险评价指标体系设立原则,建立了评价指标体系,给出了模糊综合评价方法的一般步骤,并确立具体的判断准则来应用评判的结果.     

基于ISM的棚户区改造项目风险影响因素分析

为有效预防和控制棚户区改造项目实施过程中的风险,根据风险特征映射识别模型,对棚户区改造项目风险影响因素进行分析,形成棚户区改造项目风险指标体系。建立棚户区改造项目风险因素3级多层递阶解释结构模型,通过分析棚改项目风险因素间的关系结构和层级结构,得出结构模型图和解释结构模型图,找出影响棚改项目的直接因素、间接因素和根本因素。实例表明,多层递阶ISM能有效地建立起棚改项目风险影响因素结构,以直观地反映出各影响因素间的层次关系,操作简便,实际可行。     

多元协同视角下应急科研协同创新机制与动态评价——以重大疫情为例

针对重大疫情应急科研的紧迫性、重要性、时效性和协作性的特点,将协同主体、协同任务、协同要素、协同机制、协同绩效和支撑要素等多元协同维度纳入统一的分析框架和逻辑体系,构建多元协同的应急科研协同创新机制;然后将DEMATEL法和网络层次分析(ANP)法进行融合,建立基于DEMATEL-ANP模型的模糊综合评价模型,对重大疫情环境下的应急科研协同活动进行动态评价;并以新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗体检测试剂盒研发项目为实践案例,对其应急科研协同程度进行测度和评价。研究结果表明,基于DEMATEL-ANP模型的模糊综合评价模型科学有效,能够对重大疫情应急科研协同程度进行精准和动态评价。     

企业信息化项目风险的模糊综合评价

本文在模糊理论的基础上,对企业信息化项目风险进行了深入的研究,并结合实际情况,提出了一套企业信息化项目风险的评价指标体系,据此建立了模糊综合评价模型。     

基于PCA-RBF神经网络的PPP项目风险智能评价研究

随着新一轮政府和社会资本合作(public—private—partnership,PPP)模式在基础设施领域的推广运用,对其风险评估也开始备受关注。鉴于PPP项目风险影响因素众多和传统评估方法过度依赖主观评价等问题,在构建PPP项目风险评价指标体系的基础上,通过将主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)技术降维并结合模糊综合评价结果,建立自适应的径向基神经网络(RBF)的智能风险评价模型,并以入库的浙江省发改委10个PPP项目为例进行实证检验,结果显示3个项目处于风险较小、6个项目处于风险不大、1个项目处于风险中等。PCARBF智能评价模型所训练预测的结果与模糊综合评价结论一致,且在一定程度上提高了计算效率、增强了评价的客观性,为PPP项目风险智能评估提供理论上的参考。     

风险投资项目的评选指标体系与模糊优选决策研究

针对风险投资项目的评价指标体系进行全面的分析，并将模糊优选理论和层次分析法相结合，提出了风险投资项目的模糊评价模型，为客观科学地评价和优选风险投资项目提供了依据。     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

The Information Environment and Universal Service

This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.