北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童痫和其他神经系统疾病6000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;并开展从新生儿至各年龄段儿童的肌电图和诱发电位检测。为培训全国各地医院儿科电生理专业人员,常年招生专业进修,包括儿科医师及脑电图或神经电生理技师。进修时间：脑电图为6个月,肌电图和诱发电位3～6个月,同时进修三项者为6～12个月。     

北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童痢和其他神经系统疾病6000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;并开展从新生儿至各年龄段儿童的肌电图和诱发电位检测。为培训全国各地医院儿科电生理专业人员,常年招生专业进修,包括儿科医师及脑电图或神经电生理技师。进修时间：脑电图为6个月,肌电图和诱发电位3～6个月,同时进修三项者为6～12个月。     

北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童和其他神经系统疾病6000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;     

北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

正北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童和其他神经系统疾病6 000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;并开展从新生儿至各年龄段儿童的肌电图和诱发电位检测。为培训全国各地医院儿科电生理专业人员,常年招生专业进修,包括儿科医师及脑电图或神经电生理技师。     

北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

正北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童和其他神经系统疾病6 000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;并开展从新生儿至各年龄段儿童的肌电图和诱     

北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

正北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童和其他神经系统疾病6 000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;并开展从新生儿至各年龄段儿童的肌电图和诱     

北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

<正>北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童和其他神经系统疾病6 000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;并开展从新生儿至各年龄段儿童的肌电图和诱     

北京大学第一医院儿科招收神经电生理专业进修人员

<正>北京大学第一医院儿科神经电生理室针对儿童、婴幼儿和新生儿开展如下电生理项目,常规脑电图、视频脑电图、肌电图和诱发电位等,脑电图监测病房有12张床位,具有网路化视频脑电图监测系统和ICU床旁脑功能监测仪器。年检测各类儿童和其他神经系统疾病6 000余例,每周进行临床脑电图教学讨论;并开展从新生儿至各年龄段儿童的肌电图和诱     

新生儿脑电图操作和报告书写最低技术标准专家共识

脑电图监测是危重新生儿管理中重要的检查手段,可用于评估脑功能和脑发育状态、脑病严重程度、癫痫发作及预测脑损伤高危儿远期神经发育结局。新生儿脑电图监测不同于成人和儿童,其操作和解读容易受记录电极数量、导联编排和监测质量的影响。因此必须遵守严格的操作规范才能保证脑电信号采集的质量和正确解读,进而确保对危重新生儿做出正确处理。中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组联合脑电生理学专家进行文献复习,对新生儿脑电图监测技术和操作的文献进行总结,形成新生儿脑电图监测技术和报告书写的最低标准专家共识。该共识将为新生儿的脑电图操作提供指导,包括脑电图监测设备的技术参数、脑电图监测的操作和报告书写规范。     

应用于新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的脑电背景分析新方法北大核心CSCD

目的探讨一种新的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(hypoxic-ischemic encephaloapthy,HIE)脑电背景评价方法,以及其与临床分度和头部磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)分度的关系。方法回顾性分析2016年1月—2022年8月诊断为HIE患儿的出生24h内视频脑电图(video electroencephalography,vEEG)和同步振幅整合脑电图(amplitude-integrated electroencephalography,aEEG)的监测资料。将脑电背景分析有关项目全部纳入评估系统,按严重程度分层赋分,汇总得到脑电图(electroencephalography,EEG)总分。对EEG总分与头部MRI总分和Sarnat总分(total Sarnat score,TSS;用于评估临床分度)做相关分析。比较不同临床分度组和不同头部MRI分度组间EEG总分是否存在差异。采用受试者工作特征曲线的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评估EEG总分法对头部MRI中-重度异常和临床中-重度异常的诊断价值,并与aEEG分度法相比较。结果共收集50例HIE患儿。EEG总分与头部MRI总分、TSS均呈正相关(分别rs=0.840、0.611,P<0.001)。不同临床分度组和不同头部MRI分度组间EEG总分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EEG总分法和aEEG分度法判断头部MRI中-重度异常的AUC分别为0.936和0.617(P<0.01),判断临床中-重度异常的AUC分别为0.887和0.796(P>0.05)。界定EEG总分≤6分、7~13分、≥14分分别为EEG轻度、中度和重度异常,与临床分度和头部MRI分度一致性最佳(P<0.05)。结论新的脑电背景评分方法可以定量化反映脑损伤的严重程度,适用于新生儿HIE的脑功能判断。     

Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography for seizure detection in newborn infants

The amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) is a filtered and compressed EEG trend that can be used for long-term monitoring of brain function in patients of all ages. aEEG is increasingly used in neonatal intensive care units since several studies have shown its utility in high-risk newborn infants. Main indications for aEEG monitoring include early evaluation of brain function after perinatal asphyxia and seizure detection. The aEEG is usually recorded from one or two channels derived from parietal, central, or frontal leads. Although the aEEG is very useful for identifying high-risk infants and infants with seizures, the compressed trend has limitations with regards to detection of individual seizures. However, modern monitors also display the corresponding EEG (aEEG/EEG), which increases the probability of detecting single brief seizures. For improved evaluation of electrocortical brain activity the aEEG/EEG should be assessed together with repeated conventional EEGs or multi-channel EEG monitoring in a multi-disciplinary team.     

Development of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography and interburst interval in the rat

Continuous monitoring of electrocortical brain activity with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) is important in neonatology. aEEG is affected by, for example, maturity, encephalopathy, and drugs. Neonatal research uses rat pups of different ages. Postnatal day (P) 7 rats are suggested to be equivalent neurodevelopmentally to near-term infants. We hypothesized that electroencephalography (EEG) and aEEG in P1-P21 rats follow the same developmental pattern with respect to background activity and the longest interburst interval (IBI) as that seen in infants from 23-wk gestational age (GA) to post-term. We examined aEEG and EEG on 49, unsedated rat pups with two clinical monitors. aEEG traces were analyzed for lower and upper margin amplitude, bandwidth and the five longest IBI in each trace were measured from the raw EEG. The median longest IBI decreased linearly with age by 5.24 s/d on average. The lower border of the aEEG trace was <5 microV until P7 and rose exponentially reaching 10 microV by P12. This correlated strongly with the decrease in IBI; both reflect increased continuity of brain activity with postnatal age. Based on aEEG trace analysis, the rat aEEG pattern at P1 corresponds to human aEEG at 23-wk gestation; P7 corresponds to 30-32 wk and P10 to 40-42 wk.     

新生儿低血糖临床规范管理专家共识（2021）

新生儿低血糖高危因素众多,严重持续的低血糖会导致不可逆的神经系统损伤,给家庭及社会带来极大负担。早期规范的预防及临床管理可有效降低新生儿低血糖及低血糖所致脑损伤的发生率。然而,目前国内尚无统一的新生儿低血糖临床管理指南,不同医疗机构借鉴不同的国外指南对新生儿低血糖进行临床管理,差异性较大。为进一步规范新生儿低血糖临床管理,由中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组制定了该共识。该共识针对胎龄35周及以上新生儿低血糖的预防、监测和管理的相关临床问题提出了21条推荐意见。     

An international survey of EEG use in the neonatal intensive care unit

Objective: To examine the extent of EEG monitoring in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and to survey the level of experience and training of those using it. Study design: A web‐based survey, the link to which was circulated via e‐mail, personal contact, specialist societies and professional groups. Survey data were exported to SPSS for analysis. Results: In total 210 surveys were analysed; 124 from Europe, 54 from the US. Ninety percent of respondents had access to either EEG or aEEG monitoring; 51% had both. EEG was mainly interpreted by neurophysiologists (72%) whereas aEEG was usually interpreted by neonatologists (80%). Only 9% of respondents reported that they felt ‘very confident’ in their ability to interpret aEEG/EEG with 31% reporting that they were ‘not confident’. Half had received no formal training in EEG. Conclusion: Both aEEG and conventional EEG were used extensively in the NICUs surveyed for this study. Most of the survey respondents were not confident in their ability to interpret EEGs despite the fact that they used monitoring routinely. There is an urgent need for a structured and appropriately targeted training programme in EEG methodologies and EEG interpretation for neonatal intensive care unit staff.     

Brain monitoring in neonates

Continuous EEG monitoring with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) has become a part of the routine neurological care in the neonatal unit, especially in full-term infants with hypoxia-ischemia and in infants suspected of seizures. Its prognostic value after birth asphyxia is well established and seizure detection has improved with the new digital aEEG devices with access to the “real” EEG, and even with seizure detection in some devices. Recent experience shows that aEEG monitoring also appears to be very helpful in premature infants. One has to be aware of possible artefacts, like ECG or movement artefacts, which can lead to misinterpretation of the background pattern.Cerebral oximetry records regional saturation of the brain using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and provides a non-invasive method to continuously monitor brain oxygen imbalance. Cerebral oximetry is increasingly being used as a trend monitor in critically ill neonates. Its usefulness has been assessed in cardiac surgery, patent ductus arteriosus, hypoxia-ischemia and ventilation with high mean airway pressures.A combination of both monitoring modalities will probably become the future for neonatal neuromonitoring.     

Early amplitude-integrated EEG correlates with cord TNF-α and brain injury in very preterm infants

Aim: To investigate if the early electroencephalogram (EEG) and amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) in very preterm infants is affected by perinatal inflammation and brain injury, and correlates with long-term outcome.
Methods: Sixteen infants born at 24–28 gestational weeks (median 25.5) had continuous EEG/aEEG during the first 72 h of life. Minimum and maximum EEG interburst intervals (IBI), and aEEG amplitudes were semi-automatically quantified and averaged over the recording period. Neonatal brain injury was diagnosed with repeated cranial ultrasound investigations. Nine cytokines from four time-points were analyzed during the first 72 h (umbilical cord blood, 6, 24 and 72 h), and outcome was assessed at 2 years of corrected age.
Results: Infants with neonatal brain injury (n = 9) had prolonged IBI, 11.8 (9.6–23.2) sec versus 8.2 (7.1–11.6) sec in infants (n = 7) without brain damage (p = 0.005). Handicap at 2 years (n = 8, including two infants without neonatally diagnosed brain injury) was associated with prolonged neonatal IBI and lower aEEG amplitudes. Also aEEG amplitudes were decreased in infants with neonatal brain injury. There was a significant positive correlation between the averaged IBI and cord blood TNF-α (rs = 0.595, p = 0.025).
Conclusion: Early EEG depression is associated with increased cord blood TNF-α, neonatal brain damage and handicap at 2 years.     

Early amplitude-integrated EEG correlates with cord TNF-alpha and brain injury in very preterm infants.

AIM: To investigate if the early electroencephalogram (EEG) and amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) in very preterm infants is affected by perinatal inflammation and brain injury, and correlates with long-term outcome. METHODS: Sixteen infants born at 24-28 gestational weeks (median 25.5) had continuous EEG/aEEG during the first 72 h of life. Minimum and maximum EEG interburst intervals (IBI), and aEEG amplitudes were semi-automatically quantified and averaged over the recording period. Neonatal brain injury was diagnosed with repeated cranial ultrasound investigations. Nine cytokines from four time-points were analyzed during the first 72 h (umbilical cord blood, 6, 24 and 72 h), and outcome was assessed at 2 years of corrected age. RESULTS: Infants with neonatal brain injury (n=9) had prolonged IBI, 11.8 (9.6-23.2) sec versus 8.2 (7.1-11.6) sec in infants (n=7) without brain damage (p=0.005). Handicap at 2 years (n=8, including two infants without neonatally diagnosed brain injury) was associated with prolonged neonatal IBI and lower aEEG amplitudes. Also aEEG amplitudes were decreased in infants with neonatal brain injury. There was a significant positive correlation between the averaged IBI and cord blood TNF-alpha (rs=0.595, p=0.025). CONCLUSION: Early EEG depression is associated with increased cord blood TNF-alpha, neonatal brain damage and handicap at 2 years.     

Electroencephalography in neonatal epilepsies

Neonatal epilepsies – neonatal seizures caused by remote symptomatic etiologies – are infrequent compared with those caused by acute symptomatic etiologies. The etiologies of neonatal epilepsies are classified into structural, genetic, and metabolic. Electroencephalography (EEG) and amplitude‐integrated EEG (aEEG) are essential for the diagnosis and monitoring of neonatal epilepsies. Electroencephalography / aEEG findings may differ substantially among infants, even within infants with variants in a single gene. Unusual EEG/aEEG findings, such as downward seizure patterns on aEEG, can be found. Neonatal seizures are exclusively of focal onset. An International League Against Epilepsy task force proposed that the seizure type is typically determined by the predominant clinical feature and is classified into motor or non‐motor presentations. Ictal EEG usually demonstrates a sudden, repetitive, evolving, and stereotyped activities with a minimum duration of 10 s. In epileptic spasms and myoclonic seizures, the cut‐off point of 10 s cannot be applied. One must always be aware of electro–clinical dissociation in neonates suspected to have seizures. Amplitude‐integrated EEG is also useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of neonatal epilepsies but aEEG cannot be recommended as the mainstay because of its relatively low sensitivity and specificity. At present, EEG findings are not pathognomonic, although some characteristic ictal or interictal EEG findings have been reported in several neonatal epilepsies. Deep learning will be expected to be introduced into EEG interpretation in near future. Objective EEG classification derived from deep learning may help to clarify EEG characteristics in some specific cases of neonatal epilepsy.     

Midazolam and amplitude-integrated EEG

Amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) is currently used in an increasing number of neonatal intensive care units. The method has been practised in newborn infants for more than 20 y. However, it was not until recently, when the method proved to be accurate for very early prediction of outcome in asphyxiated newborn infants, that it gained more widespread neonatal use. The use of aEEG in units for neonatal intensive care has increased the awareness that sick infants develop subclinical seizure activity, and that several medications affect the aEEG background