Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

中草药治疗奶牛胎衣不下的效果体会

胎衣不下指奶牛在产后胎衣不能在正常时间内顺利排下,本文阐述了造成病因的病理,以及提出了中草药治疗此病的方法。     

耳廓软骨开窗法治疗耳廓假性囊肿25例体会

目的介绍耳廓软骨开窗法治疗耳廓假性囊肿的步骤、优点和操作体会。方法手术在局麻下进行,切口均选在耳廓前面,沿与耳轮大致平行方向作一贯穿囊肿之切口,将皮肤与囊肿表层软骨分离,切开囊肿表层软骨,吸净囊液,再以眼科剪将表层囊壁软骨大部分切除,以碘伏棉签轻拭囊腔,酒精棉签脱碘,缝合皮肤切口,适度加压包扎。术后换药1～2次,6～8d拆线。结果25例患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染或其它并发症。随访6～36个月,均无复发,耳廓无增厚硬化或其他畸形,外观效果满意。结论耳廓软骨开窗法治疗耳廓假性囊肿是一种疗效肯定的方法。     

从髌股关节的生物力学评价髌骨骨折的治疗

从髌股关节的生物力学分析176例髌骨骨折。髌骨骨折后疗效的好坏与髌股关节的生物力学特点及髌骨功能恢复的程度密切相关。治疗髌骨骨折的原则应是保留髌骨，并充分恢复其解剖关系。     

湿润烧伤膏治疗婴儿湿疹的临床疗效观察

目的观察、探讨湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)治疗婴儿湿疹的临床疗效。方法将84例婴儿湿疹患儿随机分为治疗组(44例)和对照组(40例),治疗组外涂湿润烧伤膏治疗,对照组外涂湿疹膏治疗,连续治疗1周后,观察两组疗效。结果治疗组有效率为97.73%,对照组有效率为82.50%;两组疗效经秩和检验,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);随访1个月,治疗组未见复发,对照组有2例患儿复发。结论湿润烧伤膏治疗婴儿湿疹疗效好,无毒副作用,安全可靠。     

武警某院急诊科抗菌药物处方分析

 目的 了解武警某院急诊科抗菌药物的使用情况。方法 提取急诊科2015年下半年的处方,遴选出使用抗菌药物(除去眼膏、外用膏药及中成药)的处方。对抗菌药物处方进行分类统计及分析, 包括使用抗菌药物的种类及比例、使用居前6位的抗菌药物、抗菌药物的联合使用情况等。结果 在2015年下半年急诊处方中有抗菌药物处方3872张,占处方总数的22.3%。使用抗菌药物构成比中,喹诺酮类药物使用频率最高,占42.9%。使用居第一位的药物是左氧氟沙星,占39.8%。单联处方77.86%,二联处方22.14%,无三联处方。结论 2015年下半年我院急诊科抗菌药物使用符合卫生部抗菌药物使用规定,但有些方面还需要进一步改进。     

多发性肋骨骨折两种处置方式的比较

目的 探讨多发性肋骨骨折治疗的有效方法.方法 按纳入及排除标准筛选34例常规外固定病例（常规组）及31例行肋骨内固定术病例（内固定组）,比较两组的住院时间、疼痛持续时间、呼吸情况,以及肺部感染发生率.结果 两组患者一般资料及合并肺挫伤和胸水情况比较差异无统计学意义;内固定组住院时间、疼痛持续时间、呼吸频率恢复时间、SaO2恢复时间和肺部感染与常规组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.常规组肺部感染发生率为26.5％（9/34）,内固定组肺部感染发生率为3.2％ （1/31）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 肋骨内固定术优于常规外固定法.     

Efficacy of noninvasive modalities of diagnosis of thrombophlebitis

In a blind prospective study of 158 limbs, Doppler ultrasound, pneumoplethysmography, and radionuclide venography (RNV) using 99mTc-MAA were compared to phlebography as methods of detecting thrombophlebitis. All three noninvasive modalities were very insensitive to isolated thrombus below the knee. In patients with extension of thrombus above the knee and isolated thrombus in the deep veins of the upper limb, Doppler ultrasound had a sensitivity of 81% and RNV had a sensitivity of 77%. All of the noninvasive modalities were found to be dependent on venous occlusion. Overall, pneumoplethysmography had a sensitivity of 28% and specificity of 96%, compared with 56% and 91%, respectively, for Doppler ultrasound and 51% and 84% for RNV. Based on these findings, phlebography would still seem to be the modality of choice in the diagnosis of thrombophlebitis.     

海马头部浅沟消失对海马硬化诊断价值的探讨

目的　探讨海马头部浅沟消失对海马硬化的诊断价值。方法　对 18例经组织学检查证实的海马硬化患者的MRI检查资料和 18例年龄相匹配的对照组进行回顾性分析 ,观察海马头部浅沟的显示情况、海马头部大小和信号改变。结果　 18例海马硬化患者中 ,16例硬化侧海马头部浅沟消失 ,1例硬化侧海马头部浅沟明显变浅 ,几乎消失 ,1例硬化侧海马头部浅沟存在。硬化侧海马头部均有萎缩 ,并在T2 WI和液体衰减恢复 (FLAIR)成像呈高信号。海马头部浅沟消失对海马硬化诊断的敏感性为 88.9% ,特异性为 10 0 %。结论　海马头部浅沟消失是诊断海马硬化的一个可靠征象 ,结合患侧海马有萎缩性改变和T2 加权成像信号增高 ,可肯定诊断海马硬化。