炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤的影像学诊断

目的:探讨炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(IMT)的CT和MRI表现及其临床诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的20例IMT患者的CT和MRI表现,其中14例行CT检查,6例行MRI检查。结果:20例中病变发生于肺部8例、会厌部1例、鼻腔1例、腘窝1例、胸壁2例、臀部2例、下颌磨牙区1例、膀胱1例、浅表软组织3例。肺内病变3例为中央型,CT表现为边界不清的实变灶;5例为周围型,表现为边界清楚的软组织密度肿块或结节。肺外病变表现为不同部位实性肿物或结节。MRI表现为稍长T_1稍长T_2信号的软组织肿块;增强扫描后肿块实性部分呈均匀或不均匀中度或明显强化,坏死、囊变区无明显强化。病理示肿瘤由梭形细胞及炎细胞组成,免疫组织化学染色肌源性蛋白阳性表达。结论:IMT是一种少见的肿瘤,CT和MRI检查能为其提供准确的解剖部位等信息,在定性诊断方面有一定价值,但最后确诊还有赖于组织病理学及免疫组织化学检查。     

肺脂肪瘤的CT诊断（附3例分析）

肺脂肪瘤比较罕见，我们根据3例肺脂肪瘤的诊断，探讨其CT征象和诊断价值。1病例报告例1女，33岁。胸部不适10年，不咳嗽。X线胸片：两肺弥漫性絮状及条索状影。左上纵隔增宽。诊断为肺间质纤维化。胸部CT扫描：左上纵隔增宽，伴纵隔旁肺实变，突人肺野内约6cm，密度均匀，边界不清，实变区向纵隔间隙沿大血管及肺血管蔓延，伸入两肺，呈弥漫条索状，不规则结节状密度增高影。CT值-110～－120Hu。病变以两肺内、中带明显。左上纵隔旁肺内呈堆积样肿块。肿块与纵隔胸膜，胸壁胸膜粘连，局部胸膜增厚。病变沿血管发展，大血管旁病变明显。…     

原发性肺肉瘤样癌的临床病理特征及其影像表现

目的 探讨原发性肺肉瘤样癌各亚型的临床病理特征及影像表现.方法 回顾性分析15例经手术病理证实为原发性肺肉瘤样癌患者的临床病理资料及X线胸片和CT表现.术前14例行胸部CT检查,其中10例行CT增强扣描,9例行胸部X线平片检查.结果 15例中周围型肿瘤14例,中央型1例;肿瘤直径2.5～9.5 cm,病变位于右肺上叶5例、中叶3例、下叶4例、左肺上叶3例.X线胸片和CT均表现为肺内实质性肿块,3例肿瘤内可见偏心性不规则空洞,肿块边界光整6例、模糊2例、分叶4例、毛刺3例,另1例因中央型肿块伴阻塞性肺炎致边界不清.10例CT增强扫描患者均显示肿块周边厚薄不均的环形强化,肿块中央强化不明显或呈不均匀强化.7例侵及胸膜或胸壁组织,4例可见肺门和(或)纵隔淋巴结肿大,2例有远处转移.手术病理诊断为多形性癌8例,梭形细胞癌2例,巨细胞癌3例,肺母细胞瘤2例.结论 肺肉瘤样癌的X线胸片和CT表现无明显特异性,各亚型的病理组织学表现具有一定特征性,是确诊的依据.     

原发性肺肉瘤样癌的临床病理特征及其影像表现

目的 探讨原发性肺肉瘤样癌各亚型的临床病理特征及影像表现.方法 回顾性分析15例经手术病理证实为原发性肺肉瘤样癌患者的临床病理资料及X线胸片和CT表现.术前14例行胸部CT检查,其中10例行CT增强扣描,9例行胸部X线平片检查.结果 15例中周围型肿瘤14例,中央型1例;肿瘤直径2.5～9.5 cm,病变位于右肺上叶5例、中叶3例、下叶4例、左肺上叶3例.X线胸片和CT均表现为肺内实质性肿块,3例肿瘤内可见偏心性不规则空洞,肿块边界光整6例、模糊2例、分叶4例、毛刺3例,另1例因中央型肿块伴阻塞性肺炎致边界不清.10例CT增强扫描患者均显示肿块周边厚薄不均的环形强化,肿块中央强化不明显或呈不均匀强化.7例侵及胸膜或胸壁组织,4例可见肺门和(或)纵隔淋巴结肿大,2例有远处转移.手术病理诊断为多形性癌8例,梭形细胞癌2例,巨细胞癌3例,肺母细胞瘤2例.结论 肺肉瘤样癌的X线胸片和CT表现无明显特异性,各亚型的病理组织学表现具有一定特征性,是确诊的依据.     

CT Diagnosis of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor

目的 分析炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(infiammatory myofibroblastic tumor,IMT)的CT表现,以提高对该肿瘤的认识.方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的4例IMT患者的影像学资料,其中男3例,女1例,年龄22～61岁,平均49岁.肺部2例,肾脏和脾各1例.术前4例均行CT检查,其中2例仅行CT平扫,另2例行CT平扫及增强扫描.结果 2例肺内IMT CT表现均为孤立性实质性病变,边缘可光滑,亦可不规则,密度均匀或不均匀,其中1例病变边缘可见线条状钙化.2例腹部实质性脏器病变分别位于肾脏和脾,CT表现为实性肿块,边缘清晰或不清晰,肿块内部出现钙化,增强后病变呈渐进性强化,但强化程度均低于周围正常组织.结论 IMT是一种少见肿瘤,CT检查能为临床诊断IMT提供有价值的信息.     

头颈部炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤的影像学表现

目的 :探讨头颈部炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor,IMT)的影像学表现,分析MSCT和MRI的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析4例经病理证实的炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤患者的临床及影像学资料。结果:4例中,2例病变发生于颅底,2例发生于颈部。病理显示肿瘤由炎症细胞、梭形细胞组成,影像学表现肿瘤为密度及信号均匀、边界清楚的实性病灶,肿块呈明显均匀强化。结论:IMT的CT和MRI征象有一定特征,有助于疾病的诊断,但确诊还需结合免疫组织化学检查、组织病理学分析。     

原发性肺肉瘤样癌的病理亚型及其CT表现

目的 探讨原发性肺肉瘤样癌各亚型的临床病理特征及CT表现,以提高对本病的认识.方法 回顾性分析14例经手术病理证实为原发性肺肉瘤样癌患者的临床病理资料及CT表现.所有病例术前均行CT检查,其中10例行CT增强扫描.结果 14例中周围型13例,中央型1例,肿瘤直径2.5～9.5 cm,病变位于右肺上叶5例、中叶2例、下叶4例,左肺上叶3例.14例表现为肺内实质性肿块,3例肿瘤内可见偏心性不规则空洞,肿块边界光整6例、模糊2例、分叶4例、毛刺3例,另1例因中央型肿块伴阻塞性肺炎致边界不清.10例CT增强扫描患者均显示肿块周边厚薄不均的环形强化,肿块中央强化不明显或不均匀强化.7例侵及胸膜或胸壁组织,4例可见肺门和(或)纵隔淋巴结肿大,2例有远处转移.手术病理诊断为多形性癌7例,梭形细胞癌2例,巨细胞癌3例,肺母细胞瘤2例.结论 原发性肺肉瘤样癌的CT表现有一定特征,最终诊断有赖于组织病理及免疫组织化学检查.     

胸部孤立性纤维瘤影像学表现及其病理基础

目的 探讨胸部孤立性纤维瘤CT、MRI表现特征及其诊断价值.方法 通过回顾性分析手术病理证实的5例胸部孤立性纤维瘤的CT、MRI表现并复习文献,总结其MRI及CT影像特征的病理基础.结果 本组5例CT均表现为胸部单发实性肿块,边界较清晰,无毛刺,3例无分叶,2例有浅分叶;3例位于胸膜腔,2例位于肺内;肿瘤直径4.0～9.1 cm;5例均密度均匀,无钙化、囊变及液化坏死;5例均无胸膜腔积液,3例无胸膜粘连,2例有胸膜及膈肌粘连;3例中度均匀强化,2例轻度强化.MR表现为等T1、稍长T2及STIR稍高信号,其内信号欠均匀,边界较清楚.结论 CT、MRI可清晰显示病变大小、形态及与周围组织关系,MRI对病变组织特性显示较CT有优势,具有一定特征性,确诊仍需病理学检查.     

炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤4例分析并文献复习

目的分析炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(infiammatory myofibroblastic tumor,IMT)的CT表现,以提高对该肿瘤的认识。方法回顾性分析经病理证实的4例IMT患者的影像学资料,其中男3例,女1例,年龄22～61岁,平均49岁。肺部2例,肾脏和脾各1例。术前4例均行CT检查,其中2例仅行CT平扫,另2例行CT平扫及增强扫描。结果 2例肺内IMT CT表现均为孤立性实质性病变,边缘可光滑,亦可不规则,密度均匀或不均匀,其中1例病变边缘可见线条状钙化。2例腹部实质性脏器病变分别位于肾脏和脾,CT表现为实性肿块,边缘清晰或不清晰,肿块内部出现钙化,增强后病变呈渐进性强化,但强化程度均低于周围正常组织。结论 IMT是一种少见肿瘤,CT检查能为临床诊断IMT提供有价值的信息。     

青年肺癌的CT表现与误诊探讨

目的探讨青年肺癌CT表现及误诊分析。方法回顾分析33例病理确诊的40岁以下原发性支气管肺癌的CT表现及临床资料。结果CT表现为肿块13例、结节8例、肺叶实变7例,支气管腔内结节并肺叶不张3例,支气管壁增厚管腔狭窄并阻塞性肺炎,空洞、多中心各1例。8例胸腔积液或合并胸膜结节,7例双肺结节,6例淋巴结肿大,2例骨性胸廓骨质破坏,4例肿瘤直接侵犯纵隔或/和纵隔内血管,胸部转移率为81.8%。初诊时误诊为肺炎6例,结核15例,误诊率63.6%。结论青年肺癌CT主要表现为肿块、结节、肺叶实变,大多数确诊时已为晚期,易误诊为肺结核,误诊率高。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

Temporal changes in the oxidation state in in vitro blood

The rates at which the paramagnetic compounds deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MHb) form in vivo within an area of hemorrhage are unknown. The present experiment establishes the baseline concentrations and rates of change in paramagnetic hemoglobin concentrations, as well as the pH in normal heparinized and clotted human blood maintained in vitro at 37 degrees C under anaerobic conditions over 30 hours. There was a moderate increase in Hb concentration in normal heparinized blood (average increase was 15.5%, rate = 0.50%/hour) and a slight increase in MHb concentration in the heparinized blood and clots (average increase was 1.4%, rate = 0.044%/hour). A second experiment was done to verify the activity of the RBC systems responsible for maintaining the hemoglobin molecule in the reduced state. Conversion of MHb to Hb in these samples proceeded at a rate of 5.6%/hour. In a third experiment, blood from 11 normal subjects maintained at 4 degrees C 25 degrees C was analyzed for MHb concentration over the course of 28 days. The level of MHb formation remained in the range of normal for at least 11 days in all subjects. The authors conclude that at basal conditions created in vitro, the blood levels of both Hb and MHb remain at relatively low levels. Therefore, if the accumulation of Hb and/or MHb occurs in acute in vivo hematomas it must be driven by intrinsic tissue factors.     

Carcinoma in situ in cryptorchid testes in post-pubertal patients]

The pathohistologic analysis of testis sections of 37 postpuberty patients with different types of cryptorchism is performed. The tissue samples were taken during orchiopehy, fixed in Bouin's solution and treated by the standard histologic techniques. The morphologic criteria are presented for identification of the presence of the so called carcinoma in situ cells found in two cases. Besides, in 13 patients rare, mainly single, atypical germinative cells were found in a smaller number of the seminiferous tubules. It has been concluded that the presence of carcinoma in situ cells in undescended testes of some patients and considering the simple way of sampling, lack of complications and high reliability of the diagnostic procedure, it is absolutely justified to take routine biopsy of testes during orchiopexy in each postpuberty and perhaps prepuberty patient.     

新时期军医学院人才培养的思考

在新的历史条件下 ,军医学院迎接未来高技术局部战争的挑战 ,适应部队武器装备的不断更新以及医学科技、社会发展对人才素质提出的新要求 ,必须在更为广阔的时空背景下找准人才培养的着眼点 ,科学确立人才培养方向 ,提高人才培养质量。现就人才培养思考如下 :1　改变教育观念 ,     

成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会

报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例，经应用MEBT技术积极救治，其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院，另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为：应严格按照MEBT／MEBO要求进行规范治疗，正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时，不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用，它是创面修复的物质保证。