早期胃癌气-钡双对比造影检查与胃镜对照分析

目的:对于早期胃癌的检查,通过气钡双对比造影图像与胃镜检查图像对照观察,分析气钡双对比造影在检出早期胃癌中的价值。方法:42例经病理证实早期胃癌病例,采用低张气钡双对比造影方法,辅以充盈法、黏膜法及加压法观察胃壁改变,并实时点片。常规胃镜检查。结果:Ⅰ型6例,Ⅱa型4例,Ⅱb型2例,Ⅱc型11例,Ⅲ型4例,混合型15例。结论:气钡双对比钡餐检查能够较好显示早期胃癌病变。     

Integrated dynamic image of the liver: a new dynamic study for evaluation of liver disease

A new method of hepatic dynamic imaging, which we designated an integrated image, is described. In this new method, the passage of the radiocolloid from the subclavian vein through the central circulation system to the abdominal organs and its accumulation in the liver was recorded on a single X-ray film. With this method, hepatic blood flow can be easily evaluated by comparison of the density between the liver and lung. Increased or decreased perfusion of the space-occupying lesions in the liver can also be evaluated. This method is very simple in technique and can be performed routinely in any hospital which has nuclear medicine facilities.     

超声在诊断贲门、胃癌中与X线、胃镜的对比研究

目的 :研究二维超声在诊断贲门、胃癌中的应用价值。方法 :80例病人进行超声检查 ,91例病人进行胃镜检查 ,72例病人进行X线钡餐检查 ,其中 ,同时进行超声和胃镜检查者共 4 8例 ,进行超声和X线检查者 5 0例。三项检查同时进行者共 4 0例。结果 :超声检查的阳性率 96 .2 5 % (77/ 80 )例 ,胃镜检查的阳性率为 87.91% (80 / 91)例 ,X线检查的阳性率为 84 .72 % (6 1/ 72 )例 ,超声与胃镜检查的阳性率相比较P <0 .0 5 ,超声与X线检查的阳性率相比P <0 .0 2 5 ,此外 ,超声尚可发现肿块附近的淋巴结 ,而另两种方法则不能。结论 :超声在诊断贲门、胃癌中有着相当重要的作用。     

Surgically treated Zenker diverticulum: a double-contrast radiologic study and videorecording

Sixteen patients who had undergone the surgical resection of pharyngoesophageal diverticula were investigated with combined double-contrast radiology and video-recording. In 11 patients morphological or functional anomalies were identified. The authors report their results and stress the high incidence of postoperative stenoses (18%) and recurrences (43%). The combined use of double-contrast examination and video-recording is suggested to detect such functional disorders as those which were identified in 68% of the patients in this series of cases.     

Added copper filtration in digital paediatric double-contrast colon examinations: effects on radiation dose and image quality

Paediatric double-contrast barium enema examinations are usually performed at high tube voltage, 102–105 kV. The aim of this study was to investigate how much the effective dose to the child could be reduced by increasing the X-ray energy further by adding copper filter in the beam, and if this dose reduction could be achieved without endangering image quality. Organ doses to an anthropomorphic phantom simulating a 1-year-old child was measured using thermoluminescence dosimetry for assessment of the effective dose and this value was compared with the energy imparted which was obtained from kerma-area product measurements. To verify that the image quality achieved with this added filtration was still diagnostically acceptable, the study included 15 patient examinations. Since the increased X-ray energy will most probably affect low-contrast objects, image quality was also evaluated with two different phantoms containing low-contrast objects. Effective dose for a complete examination can be decreased 44 % and energy imparted 77 % when a 0.3-mm copper filter is inserted in the beam at tube voltage 102 kV. The patient study did not show any significant deterioration of image quality, whereas phantom measurements of contrast-detail resolution and signal-to-noise ratio was marginally impaired by the added copper filtration. This technique is now in clinical practice for paediatric colon examinations. Received 31 July 1996; Revision received 23 December 1996; Accepted 12 February 1997     

Intolerance reaction following glucagon administration in a double-contrast study

Whereas intolerance reactions against contrast media are a well-known hazard during radiologic procedures, intolerance reactions to other preparations used in radiology are rare. Glucagon, frequently used to induce gastrointestinal hypotonia, is said to have almost no side-effects. A case of anaphylactic reaction during double-contrast upper gastrointestinal examination is reported. Pseudoallergic reaction to propylparaben, a preservative agent in glucagon, is suspected. IgE-antibodies to glucagon could not be detected by RAST.     

Value of double-contrast examination of the stomach in the diagnosis of gastric erosion

The authors remark the value of double contrast examination in the diagnosis of gastric erosions. The diagnostic accuracy makes this method more informative than conventional examination and really competitive with endoscopy.     

Colon polyp morphology on double-contrast barium enema: its pathologic predictive value

The morphologic appearance of 96 polyps seen on double-contrast barium enema was reviewed to assess the predictive value of various signs described to diagnose malignancy. Size, surface contour, basal indentation, and pedunculation were studied. Sessile polyps had an appreciable incidence of malignancy, with size being the best indicator of that risk. Pedunculation was found to be a reliable sign of benignity in predicting the absence of malignant invasion into the adjacent colonic wall. Polyps under 1 cm and having a smooth contour were invariably benign. Conversely, polyps larger than 1 cm with a lobulated contour and basal indentation had a significant incidence of malignancy.     

胃癌动态增强MRI表现与肿瘤血管形成关系的研究

目的　探讨胃癌动态增强MRI强化表现与肿瘤血管形成的关系。方法　对 30例胃癌组织切片进行CD34和血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)免疫组织化学染色。分析癌组织微血管密度 (MVD)和癌细胞VEGF的表达情况及其与临床病理特征的关系。并将动态增强MRI强化表现和扫描所获参数 (最大强化率 ,CERmax)与MVD、VEGF进行相关性研究。结果　 30例胃癌组织的MVD平均值为(4 2 95± 14 79)个 /视野 ,范围为 13 0 0～ 6 8 2 5个 /视野。VEGF低表达 30 % (9/ 30 ) ,高表达 70 % (2 1/30 )。MVD和VEGF表达与有无淋巴结转移密切相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ,与组织分化程度、有无浆膜层受侵无关 (P >0 0 5 )。MVD与胃癌TNM各分期密切相关 (P <0 0 5 )。TNM分期中Ⅰ期与Ⅳ期间VEGF表达差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 5 )。VEGF高表达者MVD值 [(4 7 30± 14 16 )个 /视野 ]与VEGF低表达者MVD值 [(32 81± 11 2 5 )个 /视野 ]间差异有显著意义 (t=- 2 716 ,P =0 0 11)。CERmax与MVD呈正相关 (r=0 5 5 6 ,P =0 0 0 14 )。微血管的分布及形态与胃癌动态增强表现的不规则强化及分层强化类型存在一致性。CERmax与VEGF蛋白表达无明显相关性 (t=- 0 84 7,P =0 4 0 4 )。结论　胃癌动态增强MRI表现反映了胃癌微血管的分布和形态。动态增强MRI可     

The double-contrast barium meal: a correlation with endoscopy

The radiological and endoscopic findings are described in 214 patients with 252 lesions in whom endoscopy had been requested by a radiologist either to confirm or clarify a radiological opinion. There was radiological and endoscopic agreement about the presence or absence of oesophagitis in 73% of patients, but there was agreement about the presence or absence of duodenitis in only 48%. There were only two cases of early gastric cancer, and no early gastric cancers were found in a group of 43 patients on whom endoscopy had been specifically requested because of an abnormal gastric mucosal pattern. Endoscopy failed to detect 13% of gastric ulcers at the initial endoscopic examination.     

The role of decubitus films in double-contrast barium enemas

Five hundred barium enemas were reviewed to find the influence of the decubitus films on the radiologist's report. In two cases they demonstrated abnormalities that had not been seen on any other film. In 21 out of 43 cases they resolved a diagnostic problem that had arisen when viewing the other films. They were of greatest value in differentiating possible polyps from faecal residue in patients with imperfect bowel preparation.     

Gallium-67 SPECT image in gastric lymphoma

Gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma was unexpectedly detected by gallium-67 scanning in initial staging of the lesions. Single photon emission computed tomography was very useful in determining the accumulation site and indicating further appropriate examinations.     

论生物医学图像学

生物医学图像学（biomedical imaging，BMI)是一门古老而年轻的学科。它的产生可追溯到公元15～16世纪，甚至更早时期。然而，现代科学技术和现代医学的飞速发展，使它成为一门蓬勃发展的具有代表性的现代学科。     

Computed tomography gastrography with volume-rendering technique: correlation with double-contrast barium study and conventional gastroscopy

The volume-rendering technique uses computed tomography data to produce simulated images of conventional barium and endoscopic studies of the stomach. Various gastric lesions are detected on volume-rendered images, and submucosal tumors are easily differentiated from mucosal lesions by means of the overlying bridging fold. Lesions that are only manifested by a change of mucosal color (early gastric cancer type 2b) or a loss of mucosal detail (gastritis) are difficult to detect from volume-rendered images, however. In cases of gastric neoplasm and varix, both the extraluminal pathologies of the lesion and the relation between the intraluminal and extraluminal components can be evaluated simultaneously.