大叶橐吾中的黄酮醇苷和单萜苷

目的研究大叶橐吾的化学成分。方法应用多种色谱方法和色谱材料进行提取、分离和纯化,用各种现代光谱方法解析结构。结果从大叶橐吾根茎的乙醇提取物中分离纯化到四个黄酮醇苷和两个单萜苷,分别为甲基鼠李素-3O-β-D-芸香糖苷(1),鼠李素-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(2),芦丁(3),阿福豆苷(4),桦木苷(5)和3,7-dimethyloct-1-en-3,8-diol-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6)。结论所有化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离纯化得到。     

中国沙棘果实中的黄酮苷类成分

目的 研究中国沙棘果实中的黄酮苷类化学成分.方法 采用95%乙醇渗滤提取得总浸膏,经溶剂萃取及柱层析分离,采用化学及光谱方法进行结构鉴定.结果 分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为异鼠李素-3-O-槐二糖-7-O-鼠李糖苷(Ⅰ)、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷(Ⅱ)、异鼠李素-3-O-葡萄糖-7-O-鼠李糖苷(Ⅲ)、丁香亭-3-O-芸香糖苷(Ⅳ)、山柰酚-3-O-槐二糖-7-O-鼠李糖苷(Ⅴ)、山柰酚-7-O-鼠李糖苷(Ⅵ)、槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)和槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖(Ⅷ).结论 化合物Ⅰ、Ⅴ为首次从中国沙棘果实中分离得到,化合物Ⅳ、Ⅵ为首次从胡颓子科植物中分离得到.     

卢旺达产金盏菊花的黄酮苷类成分

目的对卢旺达产金盏菊花的化学成分进行研究,为进一步开发利用该植物资源提供依据。方法采用大孔吸附树脂、正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、反相ODS等柱色谱以及制备型高效液相色谱法等手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与核磁共振等波谱学数据相结合的方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从金盏菊花体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液提取物中分离鉴定了6个单体成分,分别为异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷(isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside,1)、异鼠李素-3-O-新橙皮糖苷(isorhamnetin-3-O-neohespeidoside,2)、香蒲新苷(typhaneoside,3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-新橙皮糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-neohespeidoside,4)、芦丁(rutin,5)、槲皮素-3-O-(2″,6″-二-O-α-L-鼠李糖基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-(2″,6″-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside,6)。结论首次对东非产金盏菊干燥花的化学成分进行研究,分离得到了6个黄酮类化合物。     

刺五加叶中黄酮类成分的分离与鉴定

目的分离、鉴定刺五加叶提取物中的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱、ODS开放柱和制备液相等色谱方法分离,并通过NMR和MS等谱学技术确定结构。结果从提取物中分离得到9个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为异鼠李素-3-O-刺槐二糖苷(isorhamnetin-3-O-robinobioside,1)、山柰酚-3-O-刺槐二糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-robinobioside,2)、金丝桃苷(hyperin,3)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside,4)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-鼠李糖基-(1→6)-[α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)]-β-D-半乳糖苷(isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyr-anosid,5)、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside,6)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷(quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyaranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-ga-lactopyranoside,7)、槲皮素(quercetin,8)山柰酚(kaempferol,9)。其中化合物1、2、4-7为首次从五加属植物中分离得到。结论     

软蒺藜化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对软蒺藜的化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱及Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,通过理化方法以及波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从软蒺藜体积分数为75%的乙醇提取物中分离了5个化合物,分别鉴定为苜蓿素(1)、异鼠李素-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(2)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、胡萝卜苷(5)。结论化合物2、3为首次从滨藜属植物中分离得到。     

密蒙花中黄酮类成分的分离与鉴定

目的对密蒙花(Buddleja officinalis Maxim.)中的黄酮类成分进行研究,为其资源开发与利用提供依据。方法综合应用大孔吸附树脂、正相硅胶、反相ODS和Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱以及高效液相色谱法对密蒙花中黄酮类成分进行分离纯化,并结合单体成分的理化性质与核磁共振波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果与结论从密蒙花体积分数70%乙醇溶液的提取物中分离鉴定了11个黄酮类化合物,分别为木樨草素(1)、木樨草素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(2)、木樨草素-7-O-芸香糖苷(3)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(5)、蒙花苷(6)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(7)、芹菜素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(8)、芹菜素-7-(2'-α-L-鼠李糖基)芸香糖苷(9)、密蒙花新苷(10)、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(11),其中,化合物7~9、11均为首次从醉鱼草属植物中分离得到。     

沙葱化学成分的分离与结构鉴定Ⅰ

目的对产自内蒙古阿拉善盟的百合科葱属植物沙葱的化学成分进行研究,为其在食品营养和药理活性方面的研究提供依据。方法采用大孔吸附树脂、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱及制备型高效液相色谱法等手段对其化学成分进行分离、纯化,并结合化合物的理化性质与波谱学数据鉴定结构。结果从沙葱中分离鉴定了7个单体成分,分别为山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(2)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、山柰酚-3-芸香糖苷-4'-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(5)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→6)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、山柰酚-3-O-龙胆二糖苷-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7)。结论化合物4、6、7为从葱属植物中首次分离得到,化合物1、2、3和5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

石胆草中苯乙醇苷的分离与结构鉴定

目的研究石胆草(Corallodiscus flabellata)的化学成分.方法利用大孔吸附树脂、Sephadex LH-20、硅胶柱色谱进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据鉴定结构.结果分离并鉴定了3个新的苯乙醇苷类化合物,经光谱鉴定化合物的结构为:3,4-二羟基苯乙醇-8-O-[β-D-芹糖基(1→3)]-β-D-葡糖苷(I),3,4-二羟基苯乙醇-8-O-[4-O-咖啡酰基-β-D-芹糖基(1→3)-β-D-葡糖基(1→6)]-β-D-葡糖苷(II),3,4-二羟基苯乙醇-8-O-[β-D-芹糖基(1→3)-β-D-葡糖基(1→6)]-β-D-葡糖苷(III).结论 I,II和III均为新化合物.     

耳叶牛皮消化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的深入研究耳叶牛皮消的化学成分,以期更好地开发利用耳叶牛皮消。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱和HPLC制备色谱等技术分离纯化耳叶牛皮消的化学成分,经波谱学方法鉴定其化学结构。结果从耳叶牛皮消的根中分离得到11个化合物,即4-羟基苯乙酮(4-hydroxy acetophenone,1),1-(4-羟基苯基)-丙酮(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propanone,2),本波苷元(pnupogenin,3),12-O-ikemaoyl-20-dihydro-lineolon(4),凯德苷元(kidjolanin,5),藦萝苷元(metaplexigenin,6),告达亭(cautatin,7),告达亭3-O-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖苷(caudatin 3-O-β-D-cymaropyranoside,8),去乙酰藦萝苷元3-O-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖苷(deacetylmetaplexigenin 3-O-β-D-cymaropyranoside,9),告达亭3-O-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃洋地黄毒糖苷(caudatin 3-O-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-digitoxopyranoside,10),告达亭3-O-β-D-吡喃夹竹桃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃磁麻糖苷(caudatin 3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-cymaropyranoside,11)。结论化合物2,3,4,9和10为首次从耳叶牛皮消植物中分离得到。     

多茎委陵菜中的黄酮苷类成分

目的研究多茎委陵莱（Potentilla multicaulis Bunge）中的化学成分。方法多茎委陵菜的70％乙醇提取物经大孔吸附树脂、硅胶柱层析、ODS柱层析及凝胶柱层析,采用化学及光谱学方法进行结构鉴定。结果分离纯化得到5个黄酮苷类化合物和1个挥发油。分别为翻白叶苷A（Ⅰ）、槲皮素-3-Oα-L-鼠李糖苷（Ⅱ）、槲皮素-β-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅲ）、山柰酚-3-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅳ）、异鼠李素-3-O-β--D-吡喃葡萄糖-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷（Ⅴ）、邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（Ⅵ）。结论化合物Ⅰ-Ⅳ,Ⅵ均为首次在该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ为首次从委陵菜属植物中分离得到。     

四楞麻化学成分研究

为了研究土家族民间药物四楞麻的化学成分,本文采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱等多种柱色谱分离,制备高效液相色谱纯化,共分离得到10个单体化合物,经各种有机波谱方法鉴定化合物结构为：6″-syringyl-sesamoside (1),去咖啡酰基类叶升麻苷(decaffeoylverbascoside,2),calcelarioside B (3),类叶升麻苷(verbascoside,4),异类叶升麻苷(isoverbascoside,5),alyssonoside (6),sesamoside (7),山栀苷甲酯(shanzhiside methyl ester,8),8-乙酰山栀苷甲酯(8-acetyl-shanzhiside methyl ester,9),7-epiphlomiol (10)。其中化合物6″-syringyl-sesamoside (1)为新环烯醚萜苷类化合物,化合物2～6为首次从该植物中分离得到的苯乙醇苷类化合物。     

Identification of highly potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant constituents from Zizyphus rugosa bark: enzyme kinetic and molecular docking studies with active metabolites

Context: Previous studies have shown that extracts of Zizyphus rugosa Lam. (Rhamnaceae) bark contained phytoconstituents with antidiabetic potential to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. However, there has been no report on the active compounds in this plant as potential antidiabetic inhibitors.

Objective: We evaluated the α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of Z. rugosa extract. Moreover, the active phytochemical constituents were isolated and characterized.

Materials and methods: The α-glucosidase inhibition of crude ethanol extract obtained from the bark of Z. rugosa was assayed as well as the antioxidant activity. Active compounds (1–6) were isolated, the structures were determined, and derivatives (2a–2?l) were prepared. All compounds were tested for their α-glucosidase inhibitory (yeast and rat intestine) and antioxidant (DPPH) activities.

Results: The active α-glucosidase inhibitors (1–6) were isolated from Z. rugosa bark and 12 derivatives (2a–2?l) were prepared. Compound 2 showed the most powerful yeast α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ 16.3?μM), while compounds 3 and 4 display only weak inhibition toward rat intestinal α-glucosidase. Moreover, compound 6 showed the most potent antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ 42.8?μM). The molecular docking results highlighted the role of the carboxyl moiety of 2 for yeast α-glucosidase inhibition through H-bonding.

Discussion and conclusions: These results suggest the potential of Z. rugosa bark for future application in the treatment of diabetes and active compounds 1 and 2 have emerged as promising molecules for therapy.     

雷公藤多苷治疗强直性脊柱炎的疗效及安全性分析研究

目的：研究雷公藤多苷治疗强直性脊柱炎的有效性及安全性。方法：选取我院2009年1月-2013年12月收治的强直性脊柱炎患者50例,采取随机数字表法分为两组,每组25例。对照组给予柳氮磺胺吡啶片治疗,试验组给予雷公藤多苷片治疗,观察与比较两组患者经不同药物治疗的临床疗效及安全性。结果：试验组优良率明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,差异具有统计学意义。两组患者分别出现肝功能异常、腹泻及月经推迟的患者数无明显差异（P〉0.05）,差异不具有统计学意义。结论：雷公藤多苷片治疗强直性脊柱炎的临床效果显著,且不良反应的发生率无明显增加,提升了用药的安全性,值得广泛推广。     

哥兰叶化学成分的研究

为研究哥兰叶(Celastrus gemmatus Loes.)中的化学成分，用Diaion HP-20，Toyopearl HW-40，silica gel等柱色谱方法，从其70%含水丙酮提取物中分离得到化合物，并根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构。共得到9个化合物，分别为左旋马尾松树脂醇-3a-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(1)，ambrosidine(2)，异落叶松脂素-9-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(3)，山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(紫云英苷)(4)，山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(5)，山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(6)，芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡糖醛酸苷(7)，芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖醛酸甲酯(8)，D-山梨醇(9)。化合物1为新化合物，其余化合物为首次从该属植物中分离得到。本文为首次报道该属植物中的木脂素类化合物。     

Further flavonol and iridoid glycosides from Ajuga remota aerial parts

Five new iridoid glycosides characterised as 6-keto-8-acetylharpagide (1), 6,7-dehydro-8-acetylharpagide (2), 7,8-dehydroharpagide (3), 8-acetylharpagide-6-O-β-glucoside (4), harpagide-6-O-β-glucoside (5) together with three flavonol glycosides, myricetin 3-O-rutinoside-4'-O-rutinoside (6), myricetin 3-O-rutinoside-3'-O-rutinoside (7) and isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-rutinoside-4'-O-β-glucoside (8) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Ajuga remota. Also isolated were two known compounds ajugarin IV and ajugarin V. Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, FAB-MS, HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques.     

管花肉苁蓉提取物中化学成分研究

目的：对管花肉苁蓉提取物中化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱,制备液相色谱和Sephadex LH-20等方法进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离鉴定了6个化学成分,经波谱解析分别鉴定为松果菊苷（ echinacoside,1）,管花苷 A （cistantubuloside A,2）,类叶升麻苷（acteoside,3）,8-表去氧马钱酸（8-epideoxyloganic acid,4）,丁香树脂酚葡萄糖苷（（＋）-syringaresinol O-β-D-glucopyranoside,5）,异类叶升麻苷（isoacteoside,6）。结论首次对管花肉苁蓉提取物中化学成分进行研究,为其质量控制以及进一步研究利用提供物质基础。     

Further flavonol and iridoid glycosides from Ajuga remota aerial parts

Five new iridoid glycosides characterised as 6-keto-8-acetylharpagide (1), 6,7-dehydro-8-acetylharpagide (2), 7,8-dehydroharpagide (3), 8-acetylharpagide-6-O-β-glucoside (4), harpagide-6-O-β-glucoside (5) together with three flavonol glycosides, myricetin 3-O-rutinoside-4′-O-rutinoside (6), myricetin 3-O-rutinoside-3′-O-rutinoside (7) and isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-rutinoside-4′-O-β-glucoside (8) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Ajuga remota. Also isolated were two known compounds ajugarin IV and ajugarin V. Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, FAB-MS, HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques.     

Four new phenolic glycosides from Baoyuan decoction

Four new phenolic glycosides, including two flavonoid glycosides (1 and 2) and two lignan glycosides (3 and 4), were isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine formula, Baoyuan decoction. Their structures were established by detailed analysis of the NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic data and their absolute configurations were determined by the experimental electronic circular dichroism data as well as chemical methods. Furthermore, the sources of the four new compounds were determined by the UPLC-Qtrap-MS method, which proved that 1 and 2 are originated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and 3 and 4 are from Cinnamomum cassia.     

On the fate of orally administered3H-Lanatoside C in man

Summary An aqueous solution of³H-Lanatoside C and polyethylene glycol (PEG, a nonabsorbable marker) were administered orally to five subjects. The ratio between the radioactivity per mg PEG of gastrointestinal aspirates and the test solution showed that 10–30 per cent of the label was absorbed in the duodenum and upper jejunum. The urinary recovery of 38 to 57 per cent of the radioactivity indicated additional uptake of label in more distal parts of the intestines. The biliary excretion of label during the first day was estimated to be about 10 per cent. The total gastrointestinal absorption of radioactivity was calculated to be 40–65 per cent. — Due to acid hydrolysis in the stomach, a minor amount of³H-Lanatoside C was transformed, mainly to compounds tentatively identified as³H-digoxigenin and³H-digoxigenin-monodigitoxoside. — The major labelled compounds in the urine and the bile after oral administration appeared to be³H-digoxin and³H-desgluco-Lanatoside C. In one subject, who received³H-Lanatoside C intravenously, most of the label was excreted unchanged.On incubation with fresh faeces,³H-Lanatoside C was rapidly converted to compounds tentatively identified as³H-desgluco-Lanatoside C and³H-digoxin     

Lipoxygenase-inhibiting phenolic glycosides and monoterpene glycosides from Paeonia lactiflora

The EtOH extract of the roots of Paeonia lactiflora afforded a new phenolic glycoside paenoside A (1) and a new monoterpene glycoside paeonin D (2), and five known monoterpene glycosides. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic means and hydrolysis products. All compounds displayed inhibitory potential against enzyme lipoxygenase.