地骷髅药材的生药学鉴别研究

目的 对地骷髅药材进行生药学鉴别研究.方法 从原植物形态、药材性状、显微特征及薄层色谱等方面对地骷髅进行定性鉴别.结果 地骷髅的性状特征、显微特征及薄层色谱斑点均清晰明显.结论 通过实验研究完善了地骷髅药材的生药学鉴别方法 ,所建立的薄层色谱鉴别方法 简单易行、准确可靠,可作为莱菔叶药材的鉴别和质量评价的参考依据.     

火麻仁的生药学研究

目的对火麻仁进行生药学研究。方法采用性状、显微与理化鉴别的方法。结果显微鉴定中的内、外果皮石细胞具有一定的鉴别意义;薄层鉴别可检出亚油酸成分和甘油三油酸酯成分。结论火麻仁生药学鉴定方法的建立,为提高该药材质量标准,开发和利用该药材资源提供依据。     

五指毛桃的鉴别研究

目的 对五指毛桃药材进行性状、显微及薄层鉴别研究.方法 使用生药学研究、薄层色谱法对五指毛桃进行鉴别.结果 对五指毛桃的性状、显微特征进行了描述,对五指毛桃的主要成分补骨脂素进行了TCL定性鉴别.结论 通过研究建立了五指毛桃的质量控制标准.     

牛白藤的鉴别研究

目的对牛白藤药材进行性状、显微及薄层鉴别研究。方法使用生药学研究、薄层色谱法对牛白藤进行鉴别。结果对牛白藤的性状、显微特征进行了描述,对牛白藤主要成分熊果酸进行了TCL定性鉴别。结论通过研究建立了牛白藤的质量控制标准。     

伊犁贝母的生药学鉴定

目的：研究伊犁贝母的生药学鉴别特征。方法：利用性状、显微、薄层色谱与紫外光谱鉴别法为该药材进行初步鉴定研究,并确立其鉴别特征。结果：确定了伊犁贝母的性状、显微、薄层色谱与紫外光谱鉴别特征。结论：本研究可为伊犁贝母的鉴别、开发利用与质量控制提供依据。     

紫丁香与小叶丁香的比较鉴别

目的：为了区分紫丁香和小叶丁香,探讨其鉴别依据。方法：性状鉴别和显微鉴别采用传统药材鉴别方法;理化鉴别采用薄层色谱法。结果：两者植物叶片的性状和显微特征有明显差异;两种药材中三萜皂苷、挥发油及糖苷成分采用薄层色谱法鉴别有明显差异。结论：两种药材性状、显微特征差异均较大,明确了鉴别两种药材的方法,为两种药材的市场流通及临床应用提供了安全有效的科学依据。     

红吹风的生药学鉴别

目的:对红吹风药材进行生药学鉴别。方法:分别对红吹风药材进行性状、显微及理化鉴别。结果:红吹风根的韧皮部有纤维束成群散在,木质部纤维束径向排列;茎中柱鞘纤维含大量草酸钙簇晶与针晶;叶中草酸钙簇晶多见,有外韧型维管束;理化鉴别提示有黄酮类成分。结论:以上特征可为红吹风药材的鉴别研究和开发利用提供参考依据。     

安徽地产重楼的质量研究

采用原药材性状、显微、理化、薄层鉴别等方法对安徽地产重楼的质量进行了研究,为其更好地应用提供科学依据。结果表明:通过对药材性状描述、显微、理化、薄层鉴别,能够很好地鉴定此药材。     

药用红树植物桐花树的生药学鉴别

目的 对药用红树植物桐花树药材进行生药学鉴别.方法 采用性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别等方法进行研究.结果 桐花树的根坚韧,具皮孔,根皮层具木栓孔结构;茎横断面有木质部棕色同心环,中柱鞘有石细胞群和纤维束组成的厚壁细胞环,髓部有分泌腔散在;叶上、下表面有盐腺分布;粉末中可见石细胞、盐腺、气孔及导管等特征.紫外扫描有明显的吸收峰;薄层色谱展开良好.结论 上述特征可作为桐花树药材鉴定的参考依据.     

一种蒲黄伪品的鉴别

目的研究一种新出现的蒲黄伪品的鉴别方法。方法通过观察药材性状、显微特征和薄层色谱,对蒲黄真伪品进行比较鉴别。结果真品与伪品在药材性状、显微特征、理化现象和薄层色谱四方面均有显著差异。结论4种方法相互结合,能有效地鉴别蒲黄真伪。     

苜蓿提取物抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的研究苜蓿提取物抗炎镇痛的药理作用。方法应用二甲苯引起的小鼠耳肿胀,角叉菜胶致大鼠足趾肿胀、棉球所致大鼠肉芽组织增生、醋酸致小鼠扭体反应,及热水缩尾法疼痛模型观察了苜蓿提取物对炎症及疼痛反应的影响。结果苜蓿提取物可显著抑制二甲苯引起小鼠耳肿胀度,抑制率分别为78.72%、67.70%、46.03%;显著抑制角叉菜胶所致大鼠足肿胀,第6小时高、中、低剂量组的抑制率分别为47.86%、37.40%、34.84%;高、中剂量苜蓿提取物可明显抑制棉球致大鼠肉芽组织增生,其抑制率分别为32.26%、20.80%;对醋酸诱发的小鼠扭体反应有明显的抑制作用,其抑制率分别为65.99%、73.6%、55.84%;高、中剂量苜蓿提取物可延长热水引起疼痛的潜伏期,其延长率分别为51.55%、36.49%。结论苜蓿提取物具有明显的抗炎和镇痛作用。     

快速薄层扫描法测定苜蓿中总皂苷含量

采用薄层扫描法测定苜蓿全草中的有效成分苜蓿皂苷的含量。方法以甲醇提取,硅胶G薄层板,正丁醇-乙酸乙酯-水(4:1:5)为展开剂,扫描测定,测定波长为450 nm,参比波长为540 nm。结果平均回收率为94.4%(n=4),RSD=3.1%。结论利用薄层扫描可直接测定苜蓿皂苷含量,该方法简便,重现性较好。     

A toxicological study of a phytopreparation made from an extract of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

A phytopreparation from lucerne (Medicago sativa) was studied with respect to the acute and chronic toxicity and the action upon the cellular genetic mechanism. It was found that the preparation belongs to the group of practically nontoxic properties.     

Physiological effects of zero-valent iron nanoparticles in rhizosphere on edible crop,Medicago sativa (Alfalfa), grown in soil

Ecotoxicology - We investigated the effects of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) that has been widely used for groundwater remediation on a terrestrial crop, Medicago sativa (Alfalfa), and...     

Correction of hepatotoxin effects by lucerne preparations]

The effect of luceron, a phytopreparation from lucerne (Medicago sativa), was studied with respect to the bile secretion and cholopoietic functions and the bile acid spectrum in the blood of rats. It was found that luceron stimulates the bile secretion activity of hepatocytes and normalizes the synthesis of bile acids in rats with model hepatitis.     

Dechlorination of PCB in the presence of plant nitrate reductase

The dechlorination of PCB, specifically the noncoplanar congener PCB 153, has been observed in the presence of a crude nitrate reductase extract from Medicago sativa leaves. These observations were further confirmed using a commercially available and pure nitrate reductase from Zea mays. The presence of nitrate reductase increased PCB 153 dechlorination. Then, the addition of molybdenum, the enzyme's cofactor, enhanced dechlorination of the environmental contaminant. The ability of plant nitrate reductase to dechlorinate PCB is a new observation.     

早籼稻优质品种数量性状的遗传距离与聚类分析

32个细长粒形丝苗型的华南地区早籼稻优质品种数量性状的遗传距离进行聚类分析,分为5个类群。类群间差异比类群内大,水稻品质育种杂交亲本选配应在类群间进行。但在改良品种1—2个性状时,亲本之一符合育种目标,另一亲本也可不一定选用遗传距离大的品种。     

紫花苜蓿化学成分及药理活性的研究进展

目的对紫花苜蓿的化学成分和药理活性研究进展作一综述。方法按照化合物的结构类型对紫花苜蓿的化学成分进行分类综述,并且对其主要的药理活性进行综述。结果与结论紫花苜蓿含有多种活性化学成分,主要有黄酮类、皂苷类、挥发油、香豆素等化合物,具有降血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化、免疫调节、雌激素样作用、抗氧化、抗菌等药理活性。     

Cannabinoid compounds in South African Cannabis sativa L

Dagga (Cannabis sativa L.) samples were collected from various geographical regions of South Africa. These were classified into age, sex and plant part and the cannabinoids were analysed quantitatively by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Analytical results show that there appears to be at least three chemovariants of Cannabis sativa growing in South Africa with respect to relative cannabinoid content. One of these variants appears to be unique to Southern Africa. It also appears that South African C. sativa ranks among the world's more potent C. sativa variants in terms of its delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol content.     

Cantharidin decreases in vitro digestion of alfalfa and smooth bromegrass

Blister beetles (Coleoptera:Meloidae) containing the toxin cantharidin can be incorporated with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) during forage conservation. Cantharidin inadvertently ingested with animal feed may cause illness or death. Little information is available on the effects of cantharidin on ruminant microbial digestion. The objective of our study was to determine cantharidin effects on digestibility of alfalfa and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) by measuring in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) and cell wall digestion (CWD). Alfalfa dry matter digestibility, measured after IVDDM at 48 and 96 h fermentation periods, decreased as cantharidin concentration increased. Increasing cantharidin concentration also significantly reduced IVDDM of smooth bromegrass at 24 and 96 h digestion time. The CWD of alfalfa and smooth bromegrass decreased as cantharidin concentration increased. These results indicate that ingestion of cantharidin by ruminants may decrease microbial digestion of fibrous feeds and therefore may decrease the efficiency of feed utilization by ruminants.