Biofuel production via the pyrolysis of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) leaves: Characterization of the optimal conditions

Sugarcane leaves, a lightweight lignocellulosic biomass from a harvested crop, represent a feedstock for in situ pyrolysis to biofuels and valuable chemicals, facilitating the collection and transportation of pyrolyzed oil to industry. In this paper, the pyrolyzed products were separated into water/aqueous and bio-oil fractions, and the yield was characterized. Pyrolysis was performed in a screw-driven custom-built pyrolysis reactor. The effects of pyrolysis parameters, including the temperature (400–650 °C), feedstock feed rate (0.3–1.8 kg h^?1), average size distribution (250 µm, 500 µm and 750 µm) and N₂ sweeping gas flow rate (80–240 cm³ min^?1) were investigated systematically. The results show that the temperature and residence time according to the N₂ sweep gas also mainly affects the bio-oil yield and properties such as the acidity, heating value, viscosity and chemical composition, with the highest bio-oil yield (40.16 wt%) obtained at 500 °C, a feed rate of 0.4 kg h^?1, an average biomass feedstock particle size of 500 µm, and an inert N₂ flow rate of 120 cm³ min^?1. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the chemical composition revealed aromatic derivatives, phenols, ketones, and oxygenated compounds of high molecular weight that might be useful chemical products. These results indicate that pyrolyzed oil cannot be utilized as a biofuel directly but instead must be pretreated. The oil should be treated by a co-catalytic pyrolysis process to be considered a potential source for energy and valuable chemicals. In addition, the biochar was analyzed to determine whether it can be used for the production of activated carbon.     

Good real world example of wood-based sustainable chemistry

One of the principles of Green chemistry is the usage of biomass instead of crude oil for the production of chemicals and chemical goods. Wood refers to the term biomass along with agricultural residues, energy crops, and the biogenic part of waste such as solid municipal waste, landfill, sewage gas and farming waste. Wood is mainly composed of cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses. Cellulose is the main component of wood and lignin is the main by-product of cellulose extraction. Our green approach to both of these polymers resulted in creating a new process for hydrocellulose fiber production and a new sorbent for oil spills removal based on hydrolysis lignin. It is worth pointing out that our approach provides the use of two main wood components in the frame of “cradle to cradle” cycle (Fig. 1) that supports the circular economy concept for research and process development (Clark et al., 2016).     

Lignin fractionation and conversion to bio-based functional products

A large portion of the world's energy and materials are dependent on fossil fuels. However, the depletion of resources and long-term environmental hazards have prompted an increasing interest in finding renewable and greener feedstock. Lignin, a by-product of the paper and pulp industry, represents a valuable commodity that can be extracted from various biomass residues and converted to value-added biobased products. Lignin products (blends and composites) allow for the replacement of petroleum-derived products and contribute to creating a circular economy and sustainable development in the materials sector. This review outlines extraction processes of lignin from agricultural waste residues and various types of bio-based functional products that can be obtained from lignin.     

A review status on characterization and electrochemical behaviour of biomass derived carbon materials for energy storage supercapacitors

Carbon materials have been used as potential electrode for supercapacitor applications and this review focused on status of maximum biomass derived carbon precursors with or without external activation in the application of supercapacitors, understanding the aspects of porous carbon materials derived from various biomass which are incorporated as electrodes for supercapacitors. This review highlights the production of activated carbon from waste biomass and also deals with their characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN), field emission scanning microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and their impacts on electrochemical performance of galvanostatic charge discharge analysis (GCD) and cyclic stability test in the application of supercapacitors.     

Economic feasibility of plastic waste conversion to fuel using pyrolysis

Plastics that are difficult to mechanically recycle can be chemically recycled by pyrolysis into petrochemical feedstock that can be used either as fuel or as a starting material for chemicals or polymers. The objective of this study is to assess the economic feasibility of converting post-consumer plastics to fuel or oil using pyrolysis, and to assess the processing and market conditions required for a successful deployment of pyrolysis technologies. The economic feasibility of converting plastic waste to oil/fuel using pyrolysis is evaluated using as criteria the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). The Lang factor method is used to estimate the cost of the plant (capital and operating cost). Capital expenditures (CapEx), operating expenses (OpEx), and revenue generated by the sale of product are estimated. US market conditions (i.e., feedstock cost, feedstock transportation cost, volume of feedstock available, taxes, wages, tipping fees) are taken into account in estimating operational costs. The plants were evaluated at three scales: 30 tons per day (TPD), 60 TPD, and 100 TPD, each with the option of sourcing feedstock at the current market price (Case 1) or at no cost (Case 2). Investment decisions based on entity basis (unlevered NPV), show the plants can be profitable at scales higher than 60 TPD in both Case 1 and Case 2. However, on equity basis, using current market conditions for analysis, the 30 TPD plant has a negative NPV in both cases, and the 60 TPD and 100 TPD plans are profitable in Case 2 but not in Case 1. Profitability of plastic-to-fuel conversion using pyrolysis is influenced by crude oil prices, feedstock costs, CapEx and OpEx, discount rates, and operating hours.     

Serum and tissue thiocyanate concentrations in growing pigs fed cassava peel or corn based diets containing graded protein levels

Thiocyanate concentrations of serum, liver, kidney, spleen and longissimus dorsi were determined in 64 growing Large White x Landrace pigs offered 8 experimental isocaloric diets containing different levels of cassava peel and crude protein. Cassava peel increased serum thiocyanate on day 60 (P less than 0.01) and day 90 (P less than 0.01) of the trial, while the crude protein level increased it (P less than 0.05) on days 30 and 90, respectively. Interaction of the two factors was significant on day 30 (P less than 0.05) and day 90 (P less than 0.05). There was a correlation between cyanide intake and serum thiocyanate level. Coefficient of determination revealed that cyanide alone accounted for 28.5; 60.6 and 48.8% variation in serum thiocyanate on days 30, 60 and 90, respectively. Liver, spleen and longissimus dorsi thiocyanate were affected by dietary protein intake (P less than 0.05). Thiocyanate concentration was higher (P less than 0.05) on cassava peel diet. Generally, crude protein at 5% reduced organ and muscle thiocyanate concentrations. A diet containing 112.2-117.3 mg/kg hydrocyanic acid (HCN) affected serum but not organ and muscle thiocyanate in protein-sufficient diets.     

Inedible oil feedstocks for biodiesel production: A review of production technologies and physicochemical properties

Biodiesel emits lesser harmful pollutant emissions than renewable and biodegradable ones compared diesel. Research confirms that edible products and crops are the major sources of biofuel production. Excessive usage of these crops leads to higher production costs, economic imbalance, and depletion of food supply. Biofuel production from inedible sources shall lower the drawbacks of edible products and crops. Inedible feedstocks are the sustainable source of biofuel production as they are mostly grown on waste/abandoned land, produce similar or higher yields than edible feedstocks, and are fairly cost-effective. Hence this present work reviews the challenges and possibilities of employing inedible oil and products as a potential feedstock for biofuel production. Salient features of inedible oil such as production technologies, cost and benefits, fatty acid and physicochemical properties and oil extraction technology are reviewed from the latest literature. The outcome of this study suggests that there is a huge prospect of utilizing inedible oil as a reliable feedstock for biofuel generation. Among various production processes, scCO₂ extraction technology proved to reduce inedible oil's moisture by 70% and FFA content by 62%, with a higher conversion rate of about 97%, as methanol in supercritical conditions has lesser interaction with the FFA of inedible oil. Inedible feedstocks are effective, non-toxic and safe in biofuel production. However, there exists a challenge in restricting its development in large-scale commercialization.     

Evaluation of Relationships Between Mainstream Smoke Acetaldehyde and "Tar" and Carbon Monoxide Yields in Tobacco Smoke and Reducing Sugars in Tobacco Blends of U.S. Commercial Cigarettes

Mainstream (MS) smoke acetaldehyde (AA), carbon monoxide (CO), and "tar" yields and percentage total reducing sugars in the tobacco blends from a Philip Morris USA database of a large number of commercial U.S. cigarettes were analyzed. MS smoke acetaldehyde is significantly correlated with "tar" yield and also with MS smoke carbon monoxide. These correlations are consistent with recently available data, including the 1999 Massachusetts Benchmark Study. MS smoke acetaldehyde yield is not correlated with reducing sugar (RS) concentration in the tobacco blend. For the available data over the time period 1985-1993, the concentration of reducing sugars (mean values for the brands tested) decreased. The correlations found between MS smoke acetaldehyde yield and "tar" and MS smoke carbon monoxide, and the percentage of the variance in AA yield explained by "tar" and MS smoke CO, coupled with the lack of correlation between "tar" normalized MS smoke AA and RS, plus related pyrolysis studies, support the hypothesis that MS smoke acetaldehyde yields are affected more by cigarette design characteristics influencing total smoke production than by tobacco reducing sugars.     

Evaluation of relationships between mainstream smoke acetaldehyde and "tar" and carbon monoxide yields in tobacco smoke and reducing sugars in tobacco blends of U.S. commercial cigarettes

Mainstream (MS) smoke acetaldehyde (AA), carbon monoxide (CO), and "tar" yields and percentage total reducing sugars in the tobacco blends from a Philip Morris USA database of a large number of commercial U.S. cigarettes were analyzed. MS smoke acetaldehyde is significantly correlated with "tar" yield and also with MS smoke carbon monoxide. These correlations are consistent with recently available data, including the 1999 Massachusetts Benchmark Study. MS smoke acetaldehyde yield is not correlated with reducing sugar (RS) concentration in the tobacco blend. For the available data over the time period 1985-1993, the concentration of reducing sugars (mean values for the brands tested) decreased. The correlations found between MS smoke acetaldehyde yield and "tar" and MS smoke carbon monoxide, and the percentage of the variance in AA yield explained by "tar" and MS smoke CO, coupled with the lack of correlation between "tar" normalized MS smoke AA and RS, plus related pyrolysis studies, support the hypothesis that MS smoke acetaldehyde yields are affected more by cigarette design characteristics influencing total smoke production than by tobacco reducing sugars.     

Structural elements of ligand recognition site in secretory phospho-lipase A2 and structure-based design of specific inhibitors

Phospholipases A2 (phosphotide 2-acylhydrolases, PLA2s, EC 3.1.1.4) are widely distributed enzymes in the animal world. They catalyze the hydrolysis of the sn-2 acyl ester linkage of phospholipids, producing fatty acids and lysophospholipids. The mammalian type II secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2-II) is one of the most extensively studied member of low molecular weight (13-18 kDa) PLA2s. PLA2-II contains 120-125 amino acid residues and seven disulphide bridges. The important features of overall structure of PLA2-II contain an N-terminal helix, H1 (residues: 2-12), an external loop (residues: 14-23), a calcium binding loop (Ca2+-loop, residues: 25-35), a second alpha-helix, H2 (residues: 40-55), a short two stranded anti-parallel beta-sheet referred to as beta-wing (residues: 75-84), a third alpha-helix, H3 (residues: 90-108) which is antiparallel to H2 and two single helical turns, SH4 (residues: 114-117) and SH5 (residues: 121-125). The three-dimensional structure of PLA2-II has defined a conserved active site within a hydrophobic channel lined by invariant hydrophobic residues. The active site residues His48, Asp49, Tyr52 and Asp99 are directly connected to the channel. An important water molecule that bridges His48 and Asp49 through hydrogen bonds is a part of catalytic network. Based on the structures of various complexes of group II PLA2, the ligand-recognition site has been divided into six subsites consisting of residues 2-10 (subsite 1), residues 17-23 (subsite 2), residues 28-32 (subsite 3), residues 48-52 (subsite 4), residues 68-70 (subsite 5) and residues 98-106 (subsite 6). It is observed that most of the currently available ligands saturate only part of the ligand-recognition site leaving a wide scope to improve the ligand complementarity. Naturally, the ligands that interact with the largest number of subsites would also correspond to the maximum affinity. Therefore, for the design of potent inhibitors of PLA2, the stereochemical knowledge of the binding site as well as their potential to interact with ligands must be known so as to make the structure-based ligand design successful.     

Effects of poly-L-arginine on the permeation of hydrophilic compounds through surface ocular tissues

We investigated whether poly-L-arginine (PLA) could improve permeation of the hydrophilic compounds, FITC-labeled dextran (MW 3800, FD-4) and pyridoxamine, through ocular surface tissues. Samples of cornea, conjunctiva, or conjunctiva/sclera composite from Japanese white rabbits were mounted in Ussing chambers to measure FD-4 and pyridoxamine permeation and transepithelial electric resistance (TEER). The integrity and viability of the conjunctiva were assessed by chronological TEER monitoring and MTT assay, respectively. The permeability coefficient (Papp) of FD-4 in the cornea, conjunctiva, and conjunctiva/sclera composite was increased by the addition of PLA (MW 38 kDa, PLA (50) at 0.1 mg/ml by 6.81-, 9.78-, and 7.91-fold, respectively. The Papp of pyridoxamine was also increased in the presence of PLA (50) by 7.98-, 4.67-, 8.31-fold, respectively. A corresponding reduction in TEER was observed in all tissues. However, the reduced TEER in the case of the conjunctiva had recovered to ca. 70% 120 min after replacing the mucosal fluid with fresh bicarbonated Ringer's solution. MTT assay results indicated that treatment of the conjunctiva with 0.1 mg/ml PLA (50) did not change the production of formazan compared to that without PLA (50), indicating that the conjunctival viability is not significantly affected by PLA (50). Our findings suggest that PLA may be useful in promoting the ocular delivery of hydrophilic drugs without producing significant epithelial damage.     

Inactivation of phospholipase A2 by manoalide. Localization of the manoalide binding site on bee venom phospholipase A2

The marine natural product manoalide (MLD), a potent inhibitor of phospholipases, completely inactivates bee venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) by an irreversible mechanism. It has been proposed [K. B. Glaser and R. S. Jacobs, Biochem. Pharmac. 36, 2079 (1987)] that the reaction of MLD with PLA2 may involve the selective reactivity of MLD to a peptide sequence, possibly a Lys-X-X-Lys peptide. Localization of the MLD binding site on bee venom PLA2 demonstrated that upon MLD modification of bee venom PLA2 the only change in amino acid content was an apparent loss of Lys, corresponding to approximately three of the eleven Lys residues present. Selective chemical modification of Lys residues with [14C]maleic anhydride demonstrated that all eleven Lys residues on bee venom PLA2 were accessible to this reagent (11.6 mol maleyl group incorporated/mol of PLA2). Pretreatment of PLA2 with MLD (less than 0.7% residual activity) resulted in a molar ratio of 8.7, also consistent with the loss of three Lys residues upon modification by MLD. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) of the cyanogen bromide (CNBr) digestion product of MLD-treated PLA2 produced three peaks (A280). The second peak showed the most intense absorbance at 434 nm. This material corresponded to residues 81-128, as determined by gas-phase microsequence analysis. Sequencing failure was observed at Lys-88 in the MLD-treated fragment. The control carboxymethylated-PLA2 fragment corresponding to residues 81-128 sequenced beyond Lys-88 without significant change in the expected yield. These data suggest that Lys-88 may correspond to one of the three MLD-modified Lys residues. The minor absorbance at 434 nm of the CNBr fragments containing residues 42-80 and 1-36 as compared to the fragment of residues 81-128 suggests that the major MLD binding fragment residues in residues 81-128.     

Formulation and evaluation of curcumin gel for topical application

The aim of the present investigation was to develop and study topical gel delivery of curcumin for its anti-inflammatory effects. Carbopol 934P (CRB) and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) were used for the preparation of gels. The penetration enhancing effect of menthol (0-12.5% w/w) on the percutaneous flux of curcumin through the excised rat epidermis from 2% w/w CRB and HPC gel system was investigated. All the prepared gel formulations were evaluated for various properties such as compatibility, drug content, viscosity, in vitro skin permeation, and anti-inflammatory effect. The drug and polymers compatibility was confirmed by Differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy. The percutaneous flux and enhancement ratio of curcumin across rat epidermis was enhanced markedly by the addition of menthol to both types of gel formulations. Both types of developed topical gel formulations were free of skin irritation. In anti-inflammatory studies done by carrageenan induced rat paw oedema method in wistar albino rats, anti-inflammatory effect of CRB, HPC and standard gel formulations were significantly different from control group (P < 0.05) whereas this effect was not significantly different for CRB and HPC gels formulations to that of standard (diclofenac gel) formulation (P > 0.05). CRB gel showed better % inhibition of inflammation as compared to HPC gel.     

Formulation and Evaluation of Curcumin Gel for Topical Application

The aim of the present investigation was to develop and study topical gel delivery of curcumin for its anti-inflammatory effects. Carbopol 934P (CRB) and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) were used for the preparation of gels. The penetration enhancing effect of menthol (0–12.5% w/w) on the percutaneous flux of curcumin through the excised rat epidermis from 2% w/w CRB and HPC gel system was investigated. All the prepared gel formulations were evaluated for various properties such as compatibility, drug content, viscosity, in vitro skin permeation, and anti-inflammatory effect. The drug and polymers compatibility was confirmed by Differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy. The percutaneous flux and enhancement ratio of curcumin across rat epidermis was enhanced markedly by the addition of menthol to both types of gel formulations. Both types of developed topical gel formulations were free of skin irritation. In anti-inflammatory studies done by carrageenan induced rat paw oedema method in wistar albino rats, anti-inflammatory effect of CRB, HPC and standard gel formulations were significantly different from control group (P < 0.05) whereas this effect was not significantly different for CRB and HPC gels formulations to that of standard (diclofenac gel) formulation (P > 0.05). CRB gel showed better % inhibition of inflammation as compared to HPC gel.     

Waste tire-derived porous nitrogen-doped carbon black as an electrode material for supercapacitors

Given that the disposal of waste tires has become a significant environmental hazard and economic challenge worldwide, establishing practical treatment processes and profitable applications for carbon black derived from waste tires are critical for boosting industrial pyrolysis of waste tires. In this work, nitrogen-functionalized waste tire-derived carbon black (WTCB) is successfully coactivated by melamine (M) and alkali metal-based activation agents, including C₄H₆K₂O₇-M, KHCO₃-M, and KOH-M. The resultant porous carbon black exhibits excellent electrochemical performance due to the synergistic effect of nitrogen-doping and active-potassium-atom-induced pore creation. The proposed activation process serves to tune multiple physical properties of WTCB, such as the specific surface area, pore structure, wettability, and conductivity, all of which largely increase the electrochemical performance. C₄H₆K₂O₇-M, with a specific surface area of 247.5 m²/g and nitrogen doping of pyrrolic-N and pyridinic-N species, reaches the highest electrochemical capacitance. The activated WTCBs not only have porous features resembling activated carbon but exhibit comparable conductivity to commercial carbon black, emerging as a potentially viable alternative feedstock for carbon electrodes used in energy-related applications. Moreover, the proposed regeneration methods can be directly adopted in existing industrial pyrolysis plants, providing a feasible and greener implementation strategy for the industrial processing of waste tires.     

Sequence determination and characterization of a phospholipase A2 isozyme from Trimeresurus gramineus (green habu snake) venom.

In addition to phospholipase A2-I (PLA2-I) reported previously (ODA et al., 1991, Toxicon 29, 157), a new PLA2 named PLA2-II was isolated from Trimeresurus gramineus (green habu snake) venom, and its amino acid sequence was determined by sequencing the native protein and the peptides produced by enzymatic (Achromobacter protease I and clostripain) cleavages of the carboxamidomethylated derivative of the protein. The protein consisted of 122 amino acid residues and His-47, Asp-48, and Asp-98 which have been assumed to be essential for PLA2 activity were conserved. Its sequence similarity to PLA2-I was 79%, with 26 residual differences. In contrast to the unique presence of Phe-28 in PLA2-I, PLA2-II contains Tyr-28 as seen in most of other PLA2s. There was no significant difference between the dissociation constants of PLA2-I and PLA2-II for Ca2+. Secondary structure compositions of PLA2-II were similar to those of PLA2-I and Crotalus atrox PLA2. A striking difference was found between these isozymes in contractile activity of isolated smooth muscle preparation of guinea-pig ileum. PLA2-II was over ten times more potent than PLA2-I, although its lipolytic activity toward egg-yolk was even slightly weaker (73%) than that of PLA2-I. The difference in contractile activities of PLA2-I and PLA2-II could be assumed to be due to discriminative lipid recognition brought about by different amino acid residues at the 58th position (Asp for PLA2-I and Asn for PLA2-II).     

Effects of snake venom phospholipase A2 toxins (beta-bungarotoxin, notexin) and enzymes (Naja naja atra, Naja nigricollis) on aminophospholipid asymmetry in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes.

The effects of snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) toxins (beta-bungarotoxin, notexin) and PLA2 enzymes (Naja nigricollis, Naja naja atra) on aminophospholipid asymmetry in rat cerebrocortical synaptic plasma membranes (SPM) were examined. Incubation of intact synaptosomes with 2 mM 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) for 40 min, under non-penetrating conditions, followed by SPM isolation, allowed us to calculate the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) in the outer leaflet of the SPM, while incubation with disrupted synaptosomes provided total labeling values with the difference representing labeling of the inner leaflet. We found that 30% of the PE and 2% of the PS were in the outer leaflet, with 54% of the PE and 80% of the PS in the inner leaflet; 16% of the PE and 18% of the PS was inaccessible to TNBS. PLA2 toxins and enzymes increased in a concentration-dependent manner the percentage of PS and, to a lesser extent, the percentage of PE in the outer leaflet of the SPM, due to a redistribution from the inner to the outer leaflet. There was no correlation between the PLA2 enzymatic activities and the increased percentage of PS in the outer leaflet of the SPM induced by the PLA2 toxins and enzymes. Alteration of aminophospholipid asymmetry does not explain the greater presynaptic specificity and potencies of the PLA2 toxins as compared to the PLA2 enzymes, but may be associated with the increased acetylcholine release from synaptosomes induced by both the toxins and enzymes.     

Phospholipase A2 inhibition by alkylbenzoylacrylic acids.

3-(4-Alkylbenzoyl)acrylic acids (ABAAs) were synthesized by acylation of alkylbenzenes with maleic anhydride and then screened in vitro for inhibition of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from snake venom and from porcine pancreas. The inhibitory potency of ABAAs increased with the length of the alkyl residues resulting in IC50 values of between 10(-7) and 10(-4) mol/L. The most potent inhibitors of the snake venom PLA2 were the 4-(n)-hexadecyl and octadecyl (OBAA) derivatives. Kinetic experiments referred to a time-dependent inhibitory reaction. Irreversibility was examined by dilution and dialysis. A molar ratio of inactivation of OBAA of nearly 20 was estimated. Double reciprocal replots of the apparent inactivation constants to the concentration of OBAA gave a (pseudo) first order rate constant of inactivation of 2.3 min-1. For the dissociation constant of the enzyme-inhibitor intermediate, a value of 6 x 10(-6) mol/L was obtained. On the other hand, the PLA2 from porcine pancreas seemed hardly to be inhibited by ABAAs. The present data are discussed in relation to the proposed model for PLA2 inactivation by manoalide. In human PMNs leukotriene B4 and 5-HETE production was essentially reduced. In human platelets the thrombin-induced TxA2 production was reduced. Since these effects disappeared after addition of arachidonic acid, these findings refer to a PLA2 inhibition. The immunologically induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs was significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by OBAA. This indicates that ABAAs might be useful in treating allergic diseases, such as asthma, eczema, allergic shock and others.     

Synthesis of thermoresponsive composite hydrogel from Pluronic F127 reinforced by oil palm empty fruit bunches-extracted cellulose for silver sulfadiazine drug delivery

Hydrogels are modern dermal drug-delivery media which can hold a huge amount of water and modify their structure to enable spontaneous response to temperature change and are thus attractive to overcome the limitations of conventional drug-delivery media. In this study, a sustainable method was developed to synthesize thermoresponsive Pluronic F127 (PF127) composite hydrogel reinforced by cellulose extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs). The thermoresponsive cellulose/PF127 composite hydrogels were formulated by dissolving OPEFB-extracted cellulose in aqueous sodium hydroxide/urea solution prior to mixing with PF127 polymer at low temperature. The performance of the synthesized thermoresponsive cellulose/PF127 composite hydrogels was evaluated in terms of their swelling ratio, percentage of degradation, and in vitro silver sulfadiazine (AgSD) drug release. PCT20 thermoresponsive cellulose/PF127 composite hydrogel with 20 w/v% PF127 and 3 w/v% OPEFB cellulose showed high mechanical strength (storage modulus and complex viscosity values of 20.90 kPa and 2.09 kPa s, respectively), relatively high swelling ratio (3.63 ± 0.43), and prolonged release of AgSD (t_50% value of 4 h) compared with PCT17-PCT19 thermoresponsive cellulose/PF127 composite hydrogels. Besides, AgSD-loaded thermo-responsive cellulose/PF127 composite hydrogels showed relatively good inhibitory activity against the Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. The exploration of thermoresponsive cellulose/PF127 composite hydrogel from OPEFBs can promote sustainable, environment-friendly, and cost-effective drug delivery systems by using abundant agricultural biomass.